热冲压成形的原理和工艺流程介绍

热冲压的工艺原理

Process principle of hot stamping

热冲压又常被称为冲压硬化技术。首先将初始强度为500～600MPa的高强度板加热到880～950℃，然后送入内部带有冷却系统的模具内冲压成形，并处于保压状态，以20～300℃/s的冷却速度快速淬火冷却，由于奥氏体转变成了马氏体，零件强度大幅提高，可以生产出强度高达1500MPa冲压件。

Hot stamping is often referred to as stamping hardening technology. First, the initial strength of the 500~600mpa high-strength plate heating to 880~950℃, and then into the internal with cooling system in the mold stamping forming, and in a state of pressure, to 20~300℃/s cooling speed of rapid quenching cooling, due to the transformation of austenite into martensite, the strength of the parts greatly improved, The strength of up to 1500MPa stamping parts can be produced.

热冲压工艺的分类

Classification of hot stamping processes

热冲压技术按工艺过程分为直接热冲压工艺和间接热冲压工艺两大类。在直接热冲压工艺中，坯料被加热后，直接送至闭式模具内进行冲压成形和淬火，然后进行冷却、切边冲孔（或激光切割）、表面清理等后续工艺。在间接热冲压工艺中，先进行冷冲预成形后，然后再进入加热、热冲压、切边冲孔、表面清理等工艺。

Thermal stamping technology According to the process is divided into direct hot stamping process and indirect hot stamping process two categories. In the direct hot stamping process, the billet is heated and sent directly to the closed mold for stamping forming and quenching, followed by cooling, cutting Chongcon (or laser cutting), surface cleaning and other subsequent processes. In the indirect hot stamping process, the cold punching pre-forming, and then into the heating, hot stamping, cutting edge punching, surface cleaning and other processes.

两者区别在于间接热冲压工艺在加热前比直接热冲压工艺多了冷冲预成形工序，热冲压工艺送进加热炉的是板料，间接热冲压工艺送进加热炉的冷冲预成形件。一般而言，直接热冲压工艺方法适用于简单零件，间接热冲压工艺方法适用于形状复杂零件或深拉深零件。

The difference between the two is that the indirect hot stamping process before heating than the direct hot stamping process more cold punching pre-forming process, hot stamping process into the heating furnace is the sheet, indirect hot stamping process sent into the heating furnace cold punching pre-forming parts. In general, direct hot stamping process method is suitable for simple parts, indirect hot stamping process method is suitable for complex shape parts or deep drawing parts.

热冲压成形工艺流程压成

Hot Stamping Forming process

热冲压成形一般工艺流程如下图。热冲压的关键工艺过程是加热、冲压、保压和冷却。加热过程直接影响到高强度钢板的冲压性能，冲压过程中伴随的淬火则对零件强度的硬化起到决定性的作用。

The general process flow of hot stamping forming is shown below. The key processes for hot stamping are heating, stamping, pressing and cooling. The heating process directly affects the stamping performance of high strength steel plate, while the quenching accompanied by the stamping process plays a decisive role in the hardening of the strength of the part.

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