摑寁嬊儂乕儉儁乕僕/悽奅偺摑寁2024

偙偙偐傜杮暥偱偡丅

復斣崋丂 丂丂1丂丂2丂丂3丂丂4丂丂5 丂丂6丂丂7丂丂8丂丂9丂丂10 丂丂11丂丂12丂丂13丂丂14丂丂15 丂丂16

栚師傊栠傞

乲弌揟乴 帺慠壢妛尋媶婡峔丂崙棫揤暥戜乽棟壢擭昞乿乮2023擭斉乯

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乲弌揟乴 帺慠壢妛尋媶婡峔丂崙棫揤暥戜乽棟壢擭昞乿乮2023擭斉乯

乲夝愢乴 棳堟柺愊80枩暯曽僉儘儊乕僩儖埲忋偺壨愳傪宖嵹丅

乲弌揟乴 FAO, Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 2020擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 怷椦丗崅偝5儊乕僩儖埲忋偺庽栘偱暍傢傟偨0.5僿僋僞乕儖埲忋偺搚抧偱丄椦抧偵懳偡傞庽姤柺愊偑10僷乕僙儞僩埲忋偺傕偺乮尰嵼梒栘偱偁偭偰傕丄彨棃庽姤柺愊10僷乕僙儞僩丄崅偝5儊乕僩儖偵払偡傞偲梊憐偝傟傞傕偺傪娷傓丅乯丅恖岺椦傪娷傓丅崙棫岞墍丄帺慠曐岇抧堟丄奺庬曐岇抧堟丄杊晽椦丄僑儉墍側偳傪娷傒丄壥庽椦側偳偺傛偆偵丄擾椦嬈偲偟偰偺棙梡栚揑偑柧妋側傕偺傪彍偔丅

棨抧柺愊丗撪悈柺乮庡梫側壨愳媦傃屛徖乯傪彍偄偨憤搚抧柺愊丅

乲弌揟乴 帺慠壢妛尋媶婡峔丂崙棫揤暥戜乽棟壢擭昞乿乮2023擭斉乯

乲夝愢乴 婥壏偲崀悈検偼丄尨懃1991擭偐傜2020擭傑偱偺30擭暯嬒抣丅

搒巗丗奺崙偺娤應抧揰偑偁傞庱搒枖偼庡梫搒巗丅

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儁乕僕偺愭摢傊栠傞

栚師傊栠傞

乲弌揟乴 UN, World Population Prospects : The 2022 Revision丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2022擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 悽奅偺恖岥丗奺擭7寧1擔尰嵼偺悇寁恖岥媦傃彨棃悇寁恖岥乮拞埵悇寁抣乯丅

愭恑崙丗擔杮丄杒傾儊儕僇乮拞墰傾儊儕僇媦傃僇儕僽奀彅崙傪彍偔乯丄僆乕僗僩儔儕傾丄僯儏乕僕乕儔儞僪媦傃儓乕儘僢僷偺崙丅

奐敪搑忋崙丗愭恑崙傪彍偔慡偰偺崙丅

擔杮偺恖岥丗10寧1擔尰嵼偺忢廧恖岥丅1950乣2022擭偺偆偪丄崙惃挷嵏幚巤偺擭乮惣楋偺枛旜偑0枖偼5偺擭乯偼崙惃挷嵏恖岥丄偦傟埲奜偺擭偼悇寁恖岥丅2023乣2050擭偼崙棫幮夛曐忈丒恖岥栤戣尋媶強偵傛傞彨棃悇寁恖岥乮拞埵悇寁抣乯丅奜崙偺孯恖丒奜岎姱媦傃偦偺壠懓傪彍偔丅

擭暯嬒憹尭棪丗1955乣2005擭媦傃2030乣2050擭偼5擭娫偺婔壗暯嬒丄偦偺懠偼懳慜擭偵傛傝憹尭棪傪嶼弌丅

乲僌儔僼乴

乲弌揟乴 UN, World Population Prospects : The 2022 Revision丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2022擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 奺擭7寧1擔尰嵼偺悇寁恖岥媦傃彨棃悇寁恖岥乮拞埵悇寁抣乯丅2020擭偵偍偗傞恖岥偑懡偄崙傪拞怱偵宖嵹丅

愭恑崙丄奐敪搑忋崙丄擔杮偺恖岥丗乽2-1丂悽奅恖岥偺悇堏乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

擭暯嬒憹尭棪丗10擭娫偺婔壗暯嬒偵傛傝擭暯嬒憹尭棪傪嶼弌丅

拞埵擭楊丗恖岥傪擭楊弴偵暲傋丄偦偺拞墰偱慡恖岥傪2摍暘偡傞嫬奅揰偵偁傞擭楊丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, World Population Prospects : The 2022 Revision丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2022擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 奺擭7寧1擔尰嵼偺悇寁恖岥媦傃彨棃悇寁恖岥乮拞埵悇寁抣乯丅

擔杮偺恖岥丗乽2-1丂悽奅恖岥偺悇堏乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Demographic Yearbook System, Demographic Yearbook 2022丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪 UN, World Population Prospects丗The 2022 Revision丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2022擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 僙儞僒僗恖岥丗尨懃偲偟偰丄乽尰嵼恖岥乿乮de facto population丗嫃廧幰偐旕嫃廧幰偐傪栤傢偢丄挷嵏帪尰嵼偦偺抧堟偵懚嵼偡傞恖悢乯丅乽忢廧恖岥乿乮de jure population丗偦偺抧堟偵捠忢嫃廧偟偰偄傞恖悢丅尨懃偲偟偰丄崙奜偺帺崙柉傪彍偔丅乯摍偺応崌偼拲婰偟偨丅奜崙偺孯恖丒奜岎姱媦傃偦偺壠懓傪彍偄偰偄傞崙偑懡偄丅

悇寁恖岥丗奺擭7寧1擔尰嵼丅

柺愊丗撪悈柺傪娷傓慡柺愊丅嬌抧媦傃嫃廧晄壜擻側搰傪彍偔丅

恖岥枾搙丗柺愊1暯曽僉儘儊乕僩儖摉偨傝偺恖岥丅側偍丄悇寁恖岥偲偼弌揟偑堎側傞偨傔丄宖嵹抣偐傜嶼弌偡傞偲丄抣偑堎側傞応崌偑偁傞丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Demographic Yearbook system, Demographic Yearbook 2009-2010丆2019丆2020丆2021丆2022丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2012擭10寧丄2020擭12寧丄2022擭11寧丄2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 尨懃偲偟偰丄恖岥100枩恖埲忋偺搒巗傪桳偡傞崙偵偮偄偰丄恖岥100枩恖埲忋乮僀儞僪偼忋埵20埵丄拞崙媦傃僩儖僐偼庱搒傪彍偔忋埵19埵乯偺搒巗媦傃庱搒偺恖岥乮奺崙偑幚巤偟偨恖岥僙儞僒僗偵傛傞乽尰嵼恖岥乿乯丅尨懃偲偟偰丄嬤峹抧堟偼娷傑側偄丅庱搒偼搒巗柤偺嵍偵仢傪晅偟偨丅乽悇寁恖岥乿枖偼乽忢廧恖岥乿偺応崌偼拲婰丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, World Population Prospects : The 2022 Revision丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2022擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 擭楊偼7寧1擔尰嵼偵偍偗傞枮擭楊丅

乲僌儔僼乴

乲弌揟乴 UN, Demographic Yearbook system, Population Censuses乫 Datasets (1995-Present)丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 尨懃偲偟偰丄恖岥僙儞僒僗偵傛傞丅乽15嵨埲忋恖岥乿偵攝嬼娭學晄徻傪娷傓応崌偑偁傞丅擭楊偼挷嵏帪揰偵偍偗傞枮擭楊丅 側偍丄僼儔儞僗偱偼丄2004擭偐傜儘乕儕儞僌僙儞僒僗曽幃偱恖岥挷嵏傪幚巤偟偰偍傝丄慡崙偺寢壥偼悇寁寢壥丅

儘乕儕儞僌僙儞僒僗曽幃丗慡崙傪堦惸偵挷嵏偡傞庤朄偵戙傢傝丄堦掕婜娫傪偐偗偰弴師抧堟偛偲偵挷嵏傪峴偆庤朄丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Demographic Yearbook system, Population Censuses乫 Datasets (1995-Present)丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 尨懃偲偟偰丄恖岥僙儞僒僗偵傛傞丅

悽懷丗廧戭偺桳柍偵偐偐傢傜偢惗寁傪嫟偵偟偰偄傞恖偺廤傑傝枖偼撈棫偟偰惗寁傪棫偰偰偄傞扨恎幰丅尨懃偲偟偰丄孯帠巤愝丄嫺惓巤愝丄妛峑偺婑廻幧丄昦堾丒椕梴強丄廆嫵巤愝側偳偱惗妶偟偰偄傞幰傪彍偔丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Demographic Yearbook system, Population Censuses乫 Datasets (1995-Present)丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 恖岥僙儞僒僗偵傛傞乽尰嵼恖岥乿乮乽2-4丂恖岥丒柺愊乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠乯丅崙愋偼挷嵏帪揰偵偍偗傞朄棩忋偺崙愋丅

帺崙愋丗偦偺崙媦傃懏椞偺崙柉丅

奜崙愋丗帺崙愋埲奜偺幰丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Demographic Yearbook system, Population Censuses乫 Datasets (1995-Present)丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 恖岥僙儞僒僗偵傛傞乽尰嵼恖岥乿乮乽2-4丂恖岥丒柺愊乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠乯丅偄傢備傞柉懓偺傎偐丄崙愋丄恖庬丄旂晢偺怓丄尵岅丄廆嫵丄暥壔揑婲尮側偳偵傛傝暘椶偝傟偰偍傝丄偦偺奣擮傗梡岅偼崙偵傛傝堎側傞丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Demographic Yearbook system, Population Censuses乫 Datasets (1995-Present)丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 恖岥僙儞僒僗偵傛傞乽尰嵼恖岥乿乮乽2-4丂恖岥丒柺愊乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠乯丅乮1乯曣岅乮捠忢丄奺恖偑梒彮偺崰榖偟偰偄偨尵岅乯丄乮2乯庡側尵岅乮嵟傕巊偄偙側偡偙偲偺偱偒傞尵岅乯丄乮3乯擔忢巊梡偟偰偄傞尵岅丄乮4乯岞梡岅傪娷傓榖偡偙偲偺偱偒傞尵岅傪宖嵹偟偰偄傞偑丄崙偵傛傝偦偺庢埖偄偑堎側傞丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Demographic Yearbook system, Demographic Yearbook 2022丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭12寧僟僂儞儘乕僪 UN, Population and Vital Statistics Report 2023擭12寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 挷嵏偺懳徾斖埻偼崙偵傛傝堎側傞丅

弌惗棪丗恖岥1,000恖偵懳偡傞1擭娫偺弌惗悢乮巰嶻傪彍偔丅乯丅慹弌惗棪乮crude birth rate乯枖偼晛捠弌惗棪偲傕偄偆丅

巰朣棪丗恖岥1,000恖偵懳偡傞1擭娫偺巰朣悢丅慹巰朣棪乮crude death rate乯枖偼晛捠巰朣棪偲傕偄偆丅

帺慠憹尭棪丗弌惗棪偲巰朣棪偺嵎丅

擕帣巰朣棪丗弌惗悢1,000偵懳偡傞1嵨枹枮擕帣偺擭娫巰朣悢丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, World Population Prospects : The 2022 Revision丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2022擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崙楢恖岥晹偵傛傞悇寁抣乮彨棃悇寁偼拞埵悇寁抣乯丅愭恑崙媦傃奐敪搑忋崙偺嬫暘偵偮偄偰偼丄乽2-1丂悽奅恖岥偺悇堏乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

弌惗棪丗堦掕婜娫偺弌惗悢傪偦偺婜娫偺恖岥偱妱偭偨傕偺丅堦斒偵丄恖岥1,000恖摉偨傝偺1擭娫偺弌惗悢偱帵偝傟傞丅

乲弌揟乴 崙棫幮夛曐忈丒恖岥栤戣尋媶強乽恖岥摑寁帒椏廤乿乮2023擭夵掕斉乯 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崌寁摿庩弌惗棪偺掅偄弴偵宖嵹丅

崌寁摿庩弌惗棪乮total fertility rate乯丗1恖偺彈惈偑偦偺擭師偺擭楊暿弌惗棪偱堦惗偺娫偵嶻傓偲壖掕偟偨偲偒偺暯嬒巕偳傕悢偱丄擭楊暿弌惗棪乮age-specific fertility rate乯偺崌寁丅

擭楊暿弌惗棪丗偁傞擭楊偺彈惈偑1擭娫偵嶻傫偩巕偳傕偺悢傪丄奩摉擭楊偺彈惈恖岥偱彍偟偨悢乮1,000恖摉偨傝乯丅偨偩偟丄19嵨埲壓偼15乣19嵨彈惈恖岥丄45嵨埲忋偼45乣49嵨彈惈恖岥偵傛傝嶼弌丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, World Population Prospects : The 2022 Revision丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2022擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崙楢恖岥晹偵傛傞悇寁抣乮彨棃悇寁偼拞埵悇寁抣乯丅愭恑崙媦傃奐敪搑忋崙偺嬫暘偵偮偄偰偼乽2-1丂悽奅恖岥偺悇堏乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

巰朣棪丗堦掕婜娫偺巰朣悢傪偦偺婜娫偺恖岥偱妱偭偨傕偺丅堦斒偵丄恖岥1,000恖摉偨傝偺1擭娫偺巰朣悢偱帵偝傟傞丅

乲弌揟乴 WHO, Global Health Observatory 2022擭12寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 暯嬒庻柦乮life expectancy at birth乯丗弌惗帪乮0嵨乯偺暯嬒梋柦乮偦偺屻惗懚偱偒傞偲婜懸偝傟傞擭悢乯丅

寬峃庻柦乮healthy life expectancy at birth乯丗弌惗帪偺寬峃梋柦乮寬峃偵夁偛偣傞偲婜懸偝傟傞暯嬒揑側擭悢乯丅寬峃偲偼丄擏懱揑丒惛恄揑媦傃幮夛揑偵寬慡側忬懺傪偄偆丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Demographic Yearbook system, Demographic Yearbook 2021, 2022丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 挷嵏偺懳徾斖埻偼崙偵傛傝堎側傞丅

崶堶棪丗恖岥1,000恖偵懳偡傞1擭娫偺崶堶悢乮廧柉搊榐偵傛傞丅乯丅嵞崶悢傪娷傓丅

棧崶棪丗恖岥1,000恖偵懳偡傞1擭娫偺棧崶悢乮嵸敾婰榐枖偼廧柉搊榐偵傛傞丅乯丅

乲弌揟乴 弌擖崙嵼棷娗棟挕乽弌擖崙娗棟摑寁乿乮2018丄2019丄2020丄2021丄2022擭乯 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 惓婯擖崙奜崙恖丗弌擖崙娗棟媦傃擄柉擣掕朄偵傛傞惓婯偺庤懕傪宱偰丄擔杮傊擖崙偟偨奜崙恖丅孯恖丒孯懏媦傃偦偺壠懓傪彍偔丅

乲弌揟乴 弌擖崙嵼棷娗棟挕乽嵼棷奜崙恖摑寁乿乮2022擭12寧枛乯 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 嵼棷奜崙恖丗拞挿婜嵼棷幰乮弌擖崙娗棟媦傃擄柉擣掕朄忋偺嵼棷帒奿傪傕偭偰擔杮偵拞挿婜娫嵼棷偡傞奜崙恖乯媦傃摿暿塱廧幰丅

塱廧幰丗朄柋戝恇偑塱廧傪擣傔傞幰丅

擔杮恖偺攝嬼幰摍丗擔杮恖偺攝嬼幰庒偟偔偼摿暿梴巕枖偼擔杮恖偺巕偲偟偰弌惗偟偨幰丅塱廧幰偺攝嬼幰摍傪娷傓丅嵼棷婜娫偼5擭丄3擭丄1擭枖偼6偐寧丅

掕廧幰丗朄柋戝恇偑摿暿側棟桼傪峫椂偟丄堦掕偺嵼棷婜娫傪巜掕偟偰嫃廧傪擣傔傞幰丅

棷妛丗擔杮偺戝妛丄崅摍愱栧妛峑丄崅摍妛峑庒偟偔偼摿暿巟墖妛峑偺崅摍晹丄拞妛峑庒偟偔偼摿暿巟墖妛峑偺拞妛晹丄彫妛峑庒偟偔偼摿暿巟墖妛峑偺彫妛晹丄愱廋妛峑庒偟偔偼奺庬妛峑枖偼偙傟傜偵弨偢傞婡娭偵偍偄偰嫵堢傪庴偗傞幰丅嵼棷婜娫偼4擭3偐寧丄4擭丄3擭3偐寧丄3擭丄2擭3偐寧丄2擭丄1擭3偐寧丄1擭丄6偐寧枖偼3偐寧丅

廇楯丗嫵庼丄寍弍丄廆嫵丄曬摴丄崅搙愱栧怑丄宱塩丒娗棟丄朄棩丒夛寁嬈柋丄堛椕丄尋媶丄嫵堢丄媄弍丒恖暥抦幆丒崙嵺嬈柋丄婇嬈撪揮嬑丄夘岇丄嫽峴丄媄擻丄摿掕媄擻偵學傞嬈柋偵廬帠偡傞幰丅嵼棷婜娫偼偍偍傓偹5擭丄3擭丄1擭枖偼3偐寧丅崅搙愱栧怑偺嵼棷婜娫偼妶摦偺庬椶偵傛傝5擭枖偼柍婜尷丅嫽峴偺嵼棷婜娫偼3擭丄1擭丄6偐寧丄3偐寧枖偼15擔丅摿掕媄擻偺嵼棷婜娫偼妶摦偺庬椶偵傛傝堎側傞丅

偦偺懠丗尋廋惗丄壠懓懾嵼幰丄摿掕妶摦偵廬帠偟偰偄傞幰側偳丅

儁乕僕偺愭摢傊栠傞

栚師傊栠傞

乲弌揟乴 UN, National Accounts - Analysis of Main Aggregates (AMA)丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲弌揟乴 UN, National Accounts - Analysis of Main Aggregates (AMA)丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲弌揟乴 UN, National Accounts - Analysis of Main Aggregates (AMA)丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲弌揟乴 UN, National Accounts - Analysis of Main Aggregates (AMA)丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 柤栚GDP偐傜暔壙曄摦偵傛傞塭嬁傪彍偄偨幚幙GDP偺惉挿棪乮懳慜擭憹尭棪乯丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, National Accounts - Analysis of Main Aggregates (AMA)丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崙偵傛偭偰偼崙撪憤惗嶻偵摑寁忋偺晄撍崌傪娷傓偨傔丄妱崌偺崌寁偑100偵側傜側偄応崌偑偁傞丅

柉娫嵟廔徚旓巟弌丗壠寁嵟廔徚旓巟弌乮屄恖婇嬈傪彍偄偨徚旓庡懱偲偟偰偺壠寁偺怴婯偺嵿壿丒僒乕價僗偵懳偡傞巟弌乯偲懳壠寁柉娫旕塩棙抍懱嵟廔徚旓巟弌乮旕巗応惗嶻幰偲偟偰偺懳壠寁柉娫旕塩棙抍懱偵傛傞嵿壿丒僒乕價僗偺嶻弌妟偐傜嵿壿丒僒乕價僗偺斕攧媦傃帺屓姩掕憤屌掕帒杮宍惉傪彍偄偨壙妟乯偺崌寁丅

惌晎嵟廔徚旓巟弌丗堦斒惌晎偵傛傞嵿壿丒僒乕價僗偺嶻弌妟乮亖屬梡幰曬廣丄拞娫徚旓丄屌掕帒杮尭栒偲偄偭偨惗嶻旓梡偺愊忋偘乯偐傜嵿壿丒僒乕價僗偺斕攧媦傃帺屓姩掕憤屌掕帒杮宍惉傪彍偒丄尰暔幮夛堏揮傪壛偊偨妟丅

憤屌掕帒杮宍惉丗惗嶻幰偵傛傞夛寁婜娫拞偺屌掕帒嶻偺庢摼偐傜張暘傪峊彍偟偨傕偺偵丄旕惗嶻帒嶻偺壙抣傪憹戝偝偣傞傛偆側巟弌傪壛偊偨壙妟丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, National Accounts - Analysis of Main Aggregates (AMA)丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崙嵺昗弨嶻嬈暘椶乮ISIC丗International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities乯偺戞3斉1乮Rev.3.1乯偵傛傞丅

慹晅壛壙抣丗嶻弌妟偐傜拞娫搳擖傪彍偄偨傕偺丅帒杮尭栒暘傪娷傓丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, National Accounts - Analysis of Main Aggregates (AMA)丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 懳慜擭憹尭棪丅乽3-6丂宱嵪妶摦暿慹晅壛壙抣乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, National Accounts - Analysis of Main Aggregates (AMA)丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崙柉憤強摼乮GNI乯丗摉奩崙偺嫃廧幰庡懱偵傛偭偰庴偗庢傜傟偨強摼偺憤妟傪帵偡傕偺偱丄GDP偵奀奜偐傜偺強摼乮屬梡幰曬廣媦傃嵿嶻強摼乯偺弮庴庢傪壛偊偨傕偺丅

乲弌揟乴 OECD, OECD. Stat, National Accounts丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 峸攦椡暯壙乮PPP丗Purchasing Power Parities乯丗宱嵪妶摦傪崙嵺斾妑偡傞偨傔偵丄崙壠娫偺暔壙悈弨偵偍偗傞嵎傪彍嫀偡傞偙偲偵傛偭偰丄堎側傞捠壿偺峸攦椡傪摍偟偔偡傞捠壿姺嶼棪丅OECD 悇寁抣傪娷傓応崌偑偁傞丅

側偍丄徻嵶側忣曬偼丄憤柋徣儂乕儉儁乕僕乽崙嵺斾妑僾儘僌儔儉乮ICP乯傊偺嶲壛乿傪嶲徠丅

乲弌揟乴 OECD, OECD. Stat, National Accounts丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 儐乕儘嶲壛崙偵偮偄偰偼丄儐乕儘摫擖埲慜偺擭偵偮偄偰傕丄EU偑屌掕堊懼儗乕僩偵傛傝儐乕儘寶偰偵姺嶼偟偨抣偑梡偄傜傟偰偄傞丅

乲弌揟乴 The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 徻嵶側忣曬偵偮偄偰偼丄悽奅嬧峴儂乕儉儁乕僕乽International Comparison Program乿枖偼憤柋徣儂乕儉儁乕僕乽崙嵺斾妑僾儘僌儔儉乮ICP乯傊偺嶲壛乿傪嶲徠丅

儁乕僕偺愭摢傊栠傞

栚師傊栠傞

乲弌揟乴 FAO, FAOSTAT : Land, Inputs and Sustainability 2023擭8寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 搚抧棙梡偺掕媊偼崙偵傛傝堎側傞応崌偑偁傞丅

棨抧柺愊丗撪悈柺乮庡梫側壨愳媦傃屛徖乯媦傃増娸悈堟傪彍偄偨憤搚抧柺愊丅

峩抧丗堦帪揑偵嶌暔偺廂妌偑峴傢傟偰偄傞搚抧丄嵦憪抧丄杚憪抧媦傃媥娬抧偺崌寁丅

塱擭嶌暔抧丗僇僇僆丄僐乕僸乕側偳偺廂妌屻偺怉懼偊偑昁梫側偄塱擭惈嶌暔傪挿婜娫偵傢偨傝嵧攟丒廂妌偟偰偄傞搚抧丅

乲弌揟乴 FAO, FAOSTAT : Production丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭8寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 儔僗僷僀儗僗幃偵傛傞丅FAO偵偍偗傞巜悢偺嶌惉偵偍偄偰偼丄1彜昳1壙奿偲偟丄堊懼儗乕僩偺塭嬁傪庴偗側偄傛偆丄崙嵺彜昳壙奿傪梡偄偰悇寁丅

憤崌丗慡偰偺擾嶌暔媦傃抺嶻暔丅

怘椏丗怘梡壜擻偐偮塰梴暘傪娷桳偡傞昳栚丅僐乕僸乕丄拑側偳傪彍偔丅

乲弌揟乴 FAO, FAOSTAT : Production丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭8寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 惗嶻検偺懡偄15偐崙傪宖嵹丅偨偩偟丄擔杮偑16埵埲壓偱弌揟帒椏偵婰嵹偝傟偰偄傞応崌偵偼丄15埵偺崙偵戙偊偰丄妵屖晅偒偱宖嵹丅

崚椶丗暷丄彫敒丄戝敒丄儔僀敒丄偊傫敒丄偲偆傕傠偙偟側偳丅

偄傕椶丗偽傟偄偟傚丄偐傫偟傚丄僉儍僢僒僶丄儎儉堭丄僞儘堭側偳丅

棊壴惗丗妅晅偒傪彍偔丅

僶僫僫丗椏棟梡傪彍偔丅

媿丄撠丄梤丄寋丗壠抺丒壠偒傫丅

寋棏丗傆壔梡傪娷傓丅

垷杻丗壛岺偝傟偰偄傞偑朼愌偝傟偰偄側偄傕偺丅

僕儏乕僩丗僕儏乕僩椶帡慇堐傪娷傓丅

揤慠僑儉丗埨掕壔枖偼擹弅偟偨儔僥僢僋僗媦傃壛棸僑儉儔僥僢僋僗傪娷傓丅

乲弌揟乴 FAO, FAOSTAT : Food Balances 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 怘椏偲偟偰捈愙棙梡壜擻側1恖1擭摉偨傝偺嫙媼検丅崙撪徚旓巇岦検乮崙撪惗嶻検亄桝擖検亅桝弌検亅嵼屔偺憹壛検乮枖偼亄嵼屔偺尭彮検乯乯偐傜怘梡埲奜偺帞椏梡丄庬巕梡丄壛岺梡乮怘梡媦傃怘梡埲奜乯丄尭栒側偳傪彍偄偨傕偺偵壜怘晹偺慡懱偵懳偡傞廳検妱崌傪忔偠偨傕偺傪丄摉奩擭偺恖岥偱彍偟偨傕偺丅奺崁栚偺撪梕偼崙偵傛傝堎側傞応崌偑偁傞丅FAO悇寁抣丅

崚椶丗彫敒丄暷丄戝敒丄偲偆傕傠偙偟丄儔僀敒丄偊傫敒媦傃偦偺懠偺崚暔丅價乕儖傪彍偔丅

偄傕椶丗偽傟偄偟傚丄偐傫偟傚丄僉儍僢僒僶媦傃偦偺懠偺夠崻椶丅

嵒摐椶丗嵒摐丄偼偪傒偮媦傃偦偺懠偺娒枴椏丅

摛椶丗偄傫偘傫乮姡憞摛乯丄偊傫偳偆媦傃偦偺懠偺摛椶丅戝摛媦傃僫僢僣椶傪彍偔丅

壥幚椶丗壥幚庰傪彍偔丅

擏椶丗媿擏丄梤丒嶳梤擏丄撠擏丄壠偒傫擏媦傃偦偺懠偺怘擏丅偔偢擏傪娷傓丅

嫑夘椶丗峛妅椶丄擃懱摦暔丄奀憪椶媦傃悈惗歁擕摦暔傪娷傓丅

乲弌揟乴 FAO, FAOSTAT : Food Balances 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 廳検儀乕僗丅崙撪惗嶻検傪崙撪徚旓巇岦検乮崙撪惗嶻検亄桝擖検亅桝弌検亅嵼屔偺憹壛検乮枖偼亄嵼屔偺尭彮検乯乯偱彍偟偰嶼弌丅怘梡埲奜偺帞椏梡丄庬巕梡丄壛岺梡乮怘梡媦傃怘梡埲奜乯丄尭栒側偳傪娷傓丅FAO悇寁抣傪娷傓応崌偑偁傞丅 奺崁栚偵偮偄偰偼丄乽4-4丂1恖摉偨傝嫙媼怘椏乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

乲弌揟乴 FAO, FAOSTAT : Land, Inputs and Sustainability 2023擭8寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 徚旓偝傟偨旍椏偵娷傑傟傞怉暔塰梴慺乮N丄P2O5丄K2O乯偺検丅

拏慺幙旍椏丗棸巁傾儞儌僯傾丄徤巁傾儞儌僯傾丄擜慺側偳丅

傝傫巁幙旍椏丗夁傝傫巁愇奃丄梠惉傝傫旍側偳丅

僇儕幙旍椏丗棸巁僇儕丄墫壔僇儕側偳丅

乲弌揟乴 FAO, FAOSTAT : Forestry 2023擭8寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 壛岺慜偺惗嶻検丅

憤検丗怷椦媦傃怷椦奜偐傜敯嵦丒夞廂偝傟偨慡偰偺庽栘丅搢栘傪娷傓丅

梡嵽丗惢嵽丒儀僯儎嵽丄僷儖僾嵽側偳偺嶻嬈梡慺嵽丅

乲弌揟乴 FAO, FishStat 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 FAO悈惐乮偡偄偣偄乯摦怉暔崙嵺昗弨摑寁暘椶乮ISSCAAP丗International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants乯偵傛傞丅嫏妉丒嵦廤媦傃梴怋偵傛傞悈嶻暔偺惗懱廳検丅怘梡埲奜偺彜嬈梡丒嶻嬈梡側偳傪娷傓偑丄寏丄傾僓儔僔丄儚僯丄偝傫偛丄恀庫丄奀柸側偳傪彍偔丅FAO悇寁抣傪娷傓応崌偑偁傞丅

悈嶻暔丗嫑椶丄峛妅椶丄擃懱椶媦傃憯椶丅

梴怋丗強桳尃傪柧妋偵偟偰恖岺揑偵嫑夘椶傗憯椶偺敪惗丒惗堢傪恾傞媼塧梴怋丄峀偄奀堟傊庬昪乮偄傢備傞抰嫑乯傪傑偄偰惉挿偝偣丄惉嫑偵偟偰曔妉偡傞嵧攟嫏嬈側偳丅

撪悈柺丗屛徖丄壨愳丄抮側偳丄棨抧撪偺悈柺丅

乲弌揟乴 FAO, FishStat 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 ISSCAAP偵傛傞丅嫏妉丒嵦廤媦傃梴怋偵傛傞悈嶻暔偺惗懱廳検丅怘梡埲奜偺彜嬈梡丒嶻嬈梡丒儗僋儕僄乕僔儑儞梡傪娷傓偑丄寏丄傾僓儔僔丄儚僯丄偝傫偛丄恀庫丄奀柸側偳傪彍偔丅FAO悇寁抣傪娷傓応崌偑偁傞丅

偐偵椶丗僞儔僶僈僯乮儎僪僇儕椶偵懏偡傞丅乯傪彍偔丅

乲弌揟乴 FAO, FishStat 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 乽4-8丂悈嶻暔惗嶻検亅嫏妉丒梴怋乿偺偆偪丄嫑椶丒峛妅椶丒擃懱椶偺奀梞偵偍偗傞嫏妉検10枩僩儞埲忋偺崙乮嫏妉検10枩僩儞埲忋偺崙偑側偄奀堟偵偮偄偰偼嫏妉検戞1埵偺崙乯偵偮偄偰丄奀堟偛偲偵宖嵹丅擔杮偺嫏妉検偑10枩僩儞枹枮偱弌揟帒椏偵婰嵹偝傟偰偄傞応崌偵偼丄妵屖晅偒偱宖嵹丅FAO悇寁抣傪娷傓応崌偑偁傞丅

儁乕僕偺愭摢傊栠傞

栚師傊栠傞

乲弌揟乴 UNIDO, UNIDO Data Portal 2023擭8寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 嶻嬈暘椶偼崙嵺昗弨嶻嬈暘椶乮ISIC丗International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities乯偺戞4斉乮Rev.4乯偵傛傞丅

乲弌揟乴 UNIDO, International Yearbook of Industrial Statistics 2020, 2021

乲夝愢乴 乽惢憿嬈乿偺偆偪庡梫側嬈庬偵偮偄偰丄嶻嬈拞暘椶暿偵宖嵹丅嶻嬈暘椶偼ISIC偺戞4斉乮Rev.4乯偵傛傞丅

帠嬈強悢乮婇嬈悢乯丗帠嬈強偲偼丄嶌嬈応傗岺応偺傛偆偵丄扨堦偺宱塩庡懱偺壓偱堦掕偺応強乮堦嬫夋乯傪愯傔偰庡偵堦偮偺宱嵪妶摦傪峴偭偰偄傞扨埵丅婇嬈悢偺応崌偼妵屖晅偒偱拲婰丅

屬梡幰悢乮廬嬈幰悢乯丗屬梡幰偲偼丄偁傜備傞惗嶻妶摦偵廬帠偡傞廇嬈幰偺偆偪丄帠嬈庡丄柍媼偺壠懓廬嬈幰側偳傪彍偔慡偰偺幰丅廬嬈幰悢偺応崌偼妵屖晅偒偱拲婰丅

晅壛壙抣妟丗惗嶻妶摦偵傛偭偰怴偨偵惗傒弌偝傟偨壙抣丅乽崙柉宱嵪寁嶼忋偺晅壛壙抣妟乿偲乽僙儞僒僗晅壛壙抣妟乿乮崙柉宱嵪寁嶼忋偺晅壛壙抣妟偐傜旕峼岺嬈僒乕價僗偺弮廂擖乮庴庢偲巟弌偺嵎妟乯傪嵎偟堷偄偨傕偺乯偑偁傞丅 昞帵乮昡壙乯曽朄偵偼丄巟暐偭偨娫愙惻偲庴偗庢偭偨曗彆嬥偺嵎妟偑娷傑傟傞乽惗嶻幰壙奿昞帵乿偲丄娷傑傟側偄乽梫慺旓梡昞帵乿偲偑偁傞丅弌揟帒椏偵晅壛壙抣妟偺庬椶偑婰嵹偝傟偰偄傞崙偵偮偄偰偼拲婰丅

仸奺嬈庬偼壓婰偵宖嵹偟偰偄傞嶻嬈彫暘椶枖偼嶻嬈嵶暘椶傪懌偟忋偘偰偄傞偑丄僨乕僞偑曬崘偝傟偰偄側偄側偳丄堦晹僨乕僞偑娷傑傟偰偄側偄応崌偑偁傞丅

乽惢憿嬈乿偺庡梫側12嬈庬 怘椏昳丗101乮擏偺壛岺丒曐懚嬈乯丄102乮嫑椶丄峛妅椶媦傃擃懱摦暔偺壛岺丒曐懚嬈乯丄103乮壥幚媦傃栰嵷壛岺丒曐懚嬈乯丄104乮怉暔丒摦暔桘帀惢憿嬈乯丄105乮棌擾惢昳惢憿嬈乯丄106乮惛崚丒惢暡嬈丄偱傫暡丒偱傫暡惢昳惢憿嬈乯丄107乮偦偺懠偺怘椏昳惢憿嬈乯丄108乮壛岺帞椏惢憿嬈乯

堸椏丗1101乮庰椶偺忲棷丄惛棷媦傃崿崌嬈乯丄1102乮儚僀儞惢憿嬈乯丄1103乮敒夎庰媦傃敒夎惢憿嬈乯丄1104乮惔椓堸椏惢憿嬈丟儈僱儔儖僂僅乕僞乕偦偺懠偺時媗傔悈惗嶻嬈乯

怐暔丗131乮朼愌嬈丄怐暔嬈媦傃惍棟巇忋偘嬈乯丄139乮偦偺懠偺怐暔惢憿嬈乯

報嶞嬈丗181乮報嶞嬈媦傃報嶞娭楢僒乕價僗嬈乯丄 182乮婰榐攠懱暋惢嬈乯

壔妛惢昳丗201乮婎慴壔妛昳丄旍椏媦傃拏慺壔崌暔丄僾儔僗僠僢僋媦傃崌惉僑儉慺嵽惢憿嬈乯丄202乮偦偺懠偺壔妛惢昳惢憿嬈乯丄203乮恖憿慇堐惢憿嬈乯

戞1師嬥懏丗241乮戞1師揝峾惢憿嬈乯丄242乮戞1師婱嬥懏丒偦偺懠旕揝嬥懏惢憿嬈乯丄243乮嬥懏拻憿嬈乯

嬥懏惢昳丗251乮峔憿梡嬥懏惢昳丄僞儞僋丄挋憛媦傃忲婥敪惗憰抲惢憿嬈乯丄252乮晲婍媦傃抏栻惢憿嬈乯丄259乮偦偺懠偺嬥懏惢昳惢憿嬈丄嬥懏壛岺僒乕價僗妶摦乯

揹巕丒岝妛惢昳丗261乮揹巕晹昳媦傃婎斅惢憿嬈乯丄262乮僐儞僺儏乕僞媦傃廃曈憰抲惢憿嬈乯丄263乮捠怣憰抲惢憿嬈乯丄264乮壠掚梡揹巕婡婍惢憿嬈乯丄265乮應掕丄帋尡丄憖廲媦傃惂屼憰抲惢憿嬈丟帪寁惢憿嬈乯丄266乮徠幩丄揹婥堛椕媦傃揹婥椕朄憰抲惢憿嬈乯丄267乮岝妛婡婍媦傃幨恀梡憰抲惢憿嬈乯丄268乮帴婥媦傃岝攠懱惢憿嬈乯

揹婥婡婍丗271乮揹摦婡丄敪揹婡丄曄埑婍丄攝揹媦傃惂屼憰抲惢憿嬈乯丄272乮揹抮媦傃拁揹抮惢憿嬈乯丄273乮攝慄媦傃攝慄憰抲惢憿嬈乯丄274乮揹婥徠柧婍嬶惢憿嬈乯丄275乮柉惗梡婡夿婍嬶惢憿嬈乯丄279乮偦偺懠偺揹婥婡婍惢憿嬈乯

婡夿婍嬶丗281乮堦斒婡夿惢憿嬈乯丄282乮摿庩嶻嬈梡婡夿惢憿嬈乯

帺摦幵丗291乮帺摦幵惢憿嬈乯丄292乮帺摦幵幵懱惢憿乮愝寁乯嬈丄僩儗乕儔媦傃僙儈僩儗乕儔惢憿嬈乯丄293乮帺摦幵晹昳媦傃晅懏昳惢憿嬈乯

桝憲梡婡夿婍嬶丗301乮慏敃惢憿嬈乯丄302乮揝摴婡娭幵媦傃幵椉惢憿嬈乯丄303乮峲嬻婡媦傃塅拡慏暲傃偵娭楢婡夿惢憿嬈乯丄304乮孯梡愴摤幵椉惢憿嬈乯丄309乮懠偵暘椶偝傟側偄桝憲梡婡夿婍嬶惢憿嬈乯

乲弌揟乴 UN, Industrial Commodity Statistics Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2019擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 奺崙偺椞搚撪偵偍偗傞憤惗嶻検丅2014擭乣2016擭偺偆偪丄奺崙偵偍偗傞嵟怴擭偺抣偐傜惗嶻検偑懡偄15偐崙傪宖嵹丅偨偩偟丄擔杮偑16埵埲壓偱弌揟帒椏偵婰嵹偝傟偰偄傞応崌偵偼丄15埵偺崙偵戙偊偰丄妵屖晅偒偱宖嵹丅 杮復夝愢偵偍偗傞昳栚柤偺屻偺妵屖撪偺悢帤偼丄弌揟尦偺僐乕僪斣崋丅拞墰惗嶻暔暘椶乮CPC丗Central Product Classification Ver.1.1乯傪婎偵晅梌偝傟偰偄傞丅

愇扽 (11010-0)丗愇扽壔搙偺掅偄傕偺傪娷傓丅

尨桘 (12010-0)丗僆僀儖僔僃乕儖媦傃僆僀儖僒儞僪偐傜拪弌偟偨峼桘傪娷傓丅

揤慠僈僗 (12020-1)丗嵦庢夁掱偱懝幐偟偨僈僗丄嵞搳擖偝傟偨僈僗媦傃擱從丒曻弌偟偨僈僗傪彍偔丅

僂儔儞峼 (13000-1)丗峼愇媦傃惛峼丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Industrial Commodity Statistics Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2019擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 2014擭乣2016擭偺偆偪丄奺崙偵偍偗傞嵟怴擭偺抣偐傜惗嶻検偺懡偄10偐崙傪宖嵹丅偨偩偟丄擔杮偑11埵埲壓偱弌揟帒椏偵婰嵹偝傟偰偄傞応崌偵偼丄10埵偺崙偵戙偊偰丄妵屖晅偒偱宖嵹丅 杮復夝愢偵偍偗傞昳栚柤偺屻偺妵屖撪偺悢帤偼丄弌揟尦偺僐乕僪斣崋丅CPC Ver.1.1傪婎偵晅梌偝傟偰偄傞丅

揝峼 (14100-0)丗峼愇媦傃惛峼乮從偄偨棸壔揝峼傪彍偔丅乯丅

摵峼 (14210-0)丄僯僢働儖峼 (14220-0)丄儃乕僉僒僀僩(14230-0)丄嬥峼 (14240-1)丄 嬧峼 (14240-2)丄偡偢峼 (14290-1)丄墧峼 (14290-2)丄垷墧峼 (14290-3)丄 儌儕僽僨儞峼 (14290-5)丗峼愇媦傃惛峼丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Industrial Commodity Statistics Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2019擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 乽5-4丂峼嬈惗嶻検亅嬥懏帒尮乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

愇旇梡丒寶抸梡娾愇 (15130-1)丗壴偙偆娾丄偼傫娾丄尯晲娾丄嵒娾側偳丅

愇偙偆丒愇奃愇 (15200-0)丗愇偙偆丄柍悈愇偙偆丄儔僀儉僗僩乕儞丒僼儔僢僋僗丄愇奃愇側偳偺愇奃幙偺娾愇丅

擲搚 (15400-0)丗僇僆儕儞丄傾儞僟儖僒僀僩丄僇僀傾僫僀僩丄僔儕儅僫僀僩丄儉儔僀僩丄僔儍儌僢僩丄僟僀僫僗傾乕僗側偳丅

揤慠儕儞巁墫 (16110-1)丗P2O5娷桳暔丅揤慠儕儞巁僇儖僔僂儉丄揤慠儕儞巁傾儖儈僯僂儉僇儖僔僂儉媦傃儕儞巁墫娷桳敀垷丅

揤慠僇儕僂儉墫椶 (16110-2)丗K2O娷桳暔丅僇乕僫儔僀僩丄僇儕娾墫側偳丅

墫 (16200-1)丗墫乮怘戩墫傪娷傓丅乯媦傃弮墫壔僫僩儕僂儉丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Industrial Commodity Statistics Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2019擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 乽5-4丂峼嬈惗嶻検亅嬥懏帒尮乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

媿擏 (21110-1)丗惗慛丄椻憼枖偼椻搥偺擏丅

撠擏 (21110-2)丗惗慛丄椻憼枖偼椻搥偺擏丅

捁擏 (21120-1)丗惗慛丄椻憼枖偼椻搥偺壠偒傫偺擏丅怘梡偔偢擏傪娷傓丅

椻搥嫑椶 (21220-0)丗椻搥偺嫑椶媦傃嫑椶惢昳丅

墫姳嫑椶 (21230-0)丗姡憞丒墫捫丒偔傫惢偺嫑媦傃嫑暡丅

戝摛桘 (21630-1)丗枹惛惢偺傕偺丅

儅乕僈儕儞 (21680-1)丗塼懱儅乕僈儕儞傪彍偔丅

僶僞乕 (22940-0)丗儈儖僋偐傜摼偨僶僞乕偦偺懠偺桘帀媦傃僨僀儕乕僗僾儗僢僪丅

僠乕僘 (22950-0)丗嬅擕乮僇乕僪乯傪娷傓丅

彫敒暡 (23110-0)丗彫敒枖偼儊僗儕儞乮彫敒偲儔僀敒傪崿崌偟偨傕偺丅乯偐傜惢憿偝傟偨傕偺丅

慹摐 (23510-0)丗偰傫嵷摐媦傃偐傫偟傚摐丅崄枴椏枖偼拝怓椏傪揧壛偟偨傕偺傪彍偔丅

忲棷庰 (24130-0)丗僂僀僗僉乕丄儔儉庰丄僕儞丄僂僅僢僇丄儕僉儏乕儖媦傃僐乕僨傿傾儖側偳丅

儚僀儞 (24210-0)丗僌儗乕僾儅僗僩丄僗僷乕僋儕儞僌儚僀儞丄儀儖儌僢僩庰媦傃崄枴晅偗偟偨儚僀儞傪娷傓丅

價乕儖 (24310-0)丗敒夎偐傜惢憿偝傟偨傕偺丅

儈僱儔儖僂僅乕僞乕 (24410-0)丗柍壛摐丒柍崄椏偺儈僱儔儖僂僅乕僞乕媦傃扽巁悈丅

僜僼僩僪儕儞僋 (24490-0)丗悈媦傃僼儖乕僣僕儏乕僗傪彍偔丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Industrial Commodity Statistics Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2019擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 乽5-4丂峼嬈惗嶻検亅嬥懏帒尮乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

栄巺 (26300-1)丗朼栄巺丄瀫栄乮偦傕偆乯巺媦傃廱栄巺丅

柸巺 (26300-2)丗朌巺埲奜丅

栄怐暔 (26500-1)丗堖椶丄壠掚梡丄嶻嬈梡偺朼栄丄瀫栄怐暔枖偼慇廱栄惢偺怐暔丅

對怐暔 (26510-0)丗對枖偼偔偢對丅

柸怐暔 (26600-0)丗柸偺廳検偑85僷乕僙儞僩枹枮偺傕偺偼丄庡偵恖岺慇堐傪娷傓丅

崌惉慇堐怐暔 (26700-0)丗嫮椡巺丄挿丒抁慇堐丄柸側偳傪娷傓崌惉慇堐偺怐暔丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Industrial Commodity Statistics Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2019擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 乽5-4丂峼嬈惗嶻検亅嬥懏帒尮乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

惢嵽 (31000-2)丗恓梩庽偺栘嵽傪壛岺偟偨傕偺乮岤偝6儈儕儊乕僩儖傪挻偊傞傕偺乯丅

崌斅 (31400-1)丗崌斅丄儀僯儎僷僱儖偲摨條偺廤惉嵽丅

栘嵽僷儖僾 (32112-1)丗壔妛僷儖僾乮僜乕僟僷儖僾媦傃棸巁墫僷儖僾乯丅

怴暦梡巻 (32121-0)

抜儃乕儖巻 (32151-0)

塹惗梡巻 (32193-0)丗僩僀儗僢僩儁乕僷乕丄儁乕僷乕僞僆儖側偳丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Industrial Commodity Statistics Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2019擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 乽5-4丂峼嬈惗嶻検亅嬥懏帒尮乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

僐乕僋僗 (33100-0)丗愇扽傪姡棷乮忲偟從偒乯偟偰摼傜傟傞屌宍偺巆棷暔丅僈僗岺応惢偺傕偺丄僐乕僋僗楩惢偺傕偺媦傃妼扽僐乕僋僗丅

敪摦婡梡僈僜儕儞 (33310-2)丗峲嬻婡傪彍偔撪擱婡娭偵巊梡偡傞寉幙扽壔悈慺桘丅僆僋僞儞壙傪崅傔偨傕偺丅

僫僼僒 (33330-0)丗崅婯奿偺敪摦婡梡僈僜儕儞丄僕僃僢僩擱椏媦傃奺庬壔妛惢昳偺尨椏丅

摂桘 (33340-1)丗摂桘丄婗敪桘媦傃摦椡梡働儘僔儞丅

巆熢 (偞傫偝) 擱椏桘 (33370-0)丗忲棷巆桘傪娷傓擱椏桘丅廳桘偺庡惉暘丅

傾僗僼傽儖僩 (33500-3)丗揤慠偺傾僗僼傽儖僩傪彍偔丅

偐惈僜乕僟 (34230-1)丗屌懱枖偼塼懱僜乕僟丅

拏慺幙旍椏 (34613-0)

僇儕幙旍椏 (34615-0)丗僇乕僫儔僀僩丄僇儕娾墫媦傃揤慠僇儕僂儉墫傪彍偔丅

億儕僗僠儗儞 (34720-1)丗堦師惢昳丅

億儕墫壔價僯儖 (34730-1)丗晄弮暔傪娷傑側偄傕偺丅堦師惢昳丅

億儕僾儘僺儗儞 (34790-1)丗堦師惢昳丅

崌惉僑儉 (34800-0)

僞僀儎 (36111-0)丗怴昳偺帺摦幵乮僗僥乕僔儑儞儚僑儞媦傃儗乕僔儞僌僇乕傪娷傓丅乯梡偺僞僀儎丅

愇奃 (37420-0)丗惗愇奃丄徚愇奃媦傃悈峝惈愇奃丅

僙儊儞僩 (37440-0)丗億儖僩儔儞僪僙儊儞僩丄傾儖儈僫僙儊儞僩丄僗儔僌僙儊儞僩媦傃椶帡偺悈峝惈僙儊儞僩丅僋儕儞僇乕忬偺傕偺傪彍偔丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Industrial Commodity Statistics Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2019擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 乽5-4丂峼嬈惗嶻検亅嬥懏帒尮乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

慙乮偣傫乯揝 (41111-0)丗慙揝媦傃僗僺乕僎儖乮儅儞僈儞偲揝偺崌嬥乯丅

慹峾 (41120-0)丗慹峾丄揝偺敿惢昳丄旕崌嬥峾揝丄僗僥儞儗僗峾媦傃偦偺懠偺崌嬥峾丅

擬娫埑墑峾斅 (41210-0)丗揝枖偼旕崌嬥峾揝偺擬娫埑墑峾斅丅

垷墧傔偭偒峾斅 (41232-2)丗垷墧傪傔偭偒偟偨埑墑斅丅

朹峾 (41240-0)丗揝枖偼峾揝偺朹丅

峾娗 (41270-1)丗愇桘丄僈僗偺僷僀僾儔僀儞偱巊梡偡傞丄拻揝埲奜偺揝枖偼僗僠乕儖偺峾娗丅

惛惢摵 (41413-1)丗壛岺偟偰偄側偄傕偺丅旕崌嬥丅

傾儖儈僯僂儉 (41431-1)丗壛岺偟偰偄側偄傕偺丅旕崌嬥丅

墧 (41441-1)丗壛岺偟偰偄側偄傕偺丅惛惢墧丅

垷墧 (41442-1)丗壛岺偟偰偄側偄傕偺丅旕崌嬥丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Industrial Commodity Statistics Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2019擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 乽5-4丂峼嬈惗嶻検亅嬥懏帒尮乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

撪擱婡娭 (43110-1)丗僨傿乕僛儖婡娭丄帺摦幵梡媦傃峲嬻婡梡傪彍偔丅

僨傿乕僛儖婡娭 (43110-2)丗埑弅揰壩撪擱婡娭乮僨傿乕僛儖枖偼僙儈僨傿乕僛儖婡娭乯丅帺摦幵梡媦傃峲嬻婡梡傪彍偔丅

僐儞僶僀儞 (44130-1)丗廂妌扙崚婡丅

慁斦 (44213-0)丗嬥懏壛岺梡偺僞乕僯儞僌僙儞僞乕傪娷傓慁斦丅

儃乕儖斦丄拞偖傝斦 (44214-0)丗嬥懏壛岺梡寠偁偗婡夿丅慁斦媦傃僞乕僯儞僌僙儞僞乕傪彍偔丅

孈嶍婡夿 (44420-1)丗婡夿僔儑儀儖丄孈嶍婡媦傃僔儑儀儖儘乕僟乕丅

椻憼屔 (44811-1)丗椻搥椻憼屔丅僪傾偑暿乆偵庢傝晅偗傜傟偰偄傞傕偺丅

愻戵婡丄姡憞婡 (44812-1)丗壠掚梡丅愻戵姡憞婡傪娷傓丅

僨僗僋僩僢僾僷僜僐儞 (45230-0)

屌掕揹榖 (47220-1)丗僥儗價揹榖傪娷傓丅

儔僕僆 (47310-1)丗帺摦幵梡偺庴怣婡媦傃柍慄揹榖丒柍慄揹怣偺婡擻偑偁傞傕偺傪娷傓丅

僥儗價 (47313-2)

僶僗 (49112-0)丗塣揮庤傪娷傓忔幵掕堳10恖埲忋偺桝憲梡帺摦幵丅

忔梡帺摦幵 (49113-0)丗岞揑桝憲婡娭偺帺摦幵丄僑儖僼僇乕僩側偳傪彍偔丅

僩儔僢僋 (49114-0)丗僆僼僴僀僂僃僀梡偺僟儞僾僇乕傪彍偔丅

帺摦擇椫幵 (49910-1)丗僆乕僩僶僀丄僗僋乕僞乕側偳乮攔婥検50cc埲壓媦傃僒僀僪僇乕傪彍偔丅乯丅

儁乕僕偺愭摢傊栠傞

栚師傊栠傞

乲弌揟乴 UN, Energy Statistics Yearbook 2020 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 堦師僄僱儖僊乕惗嶻検亄桝擖亅桝弌亅崙嵺桝憲擱椏亅嵼屔曄摦亖嫙媼検丅

堦師僄僱儖僊乕丗帺慠奅偵懚嵼偡傞宍忬偱摼傜傟傞僄僱儖僊乕丅愇桘丄愇扽丄揤慠僈僗丄悈椡丄抧擬側偳丅

堦師僄僱儖僊乕惗嶻検 丂屌宍丗愇扽乮妼扽傪娷傓丅乯丄垷扽丄揇扽媦傃僆僀儖僔僃乕儖側偳丅

丂塼懱丗尨桘丄揤慠僈僗塼丄塼懱僶僀僆擱椏側偳丅

丂僈僗丗揤慠僈僗媦傃僶僀僆僈僗丅

丂揹椡丗悈椡丄晽椡丄挭幀乮偪傚偆偣偒乯丄攇椡丄懢梲岝敪揹側偳偺堦師揹椡丅

丂擬丗尨巕椡丄抧擬丄懢梲擬側偳偺堦師擬丅

僄僱儖僊乕桝弌擖検丗堦師媦傃擇師僄僱儖僊乕丅

崙嵺桝憲擱椏丗崙嵺桝憲偺偨傔偺峲嬻婡媦傃慏敃梡擱椏丅僶儞僇乕偲傕偄偆丅堦師媦傃擇師僄僱儖僊乕丅

嵼屔曄摦丗嵼屔愊憹偼乽僾儔僗乿丄嵼屔庢曵偼乽儅僀僫僗乿丅堦師媦傃擇師僄僱儖僊乕丅

嵟廔僄僱儖僊乕徚旓検丗旕僄僱儖僊乕棙梡丄僄僱儖僊乕棙梡乮嶻嬈丄塣桝丄偦偺懠乯偵傛傞丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Energy Statistics Yearbook 2020 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲弌揟乴 UN, Energy Statistics Yearbook 2020 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 揤慠僈僗丗儊僞儞丄僄僞儞丄僾儘僷儞側偳扽壔悈慺僈僗偺崿崌暔丅

惢憿僈僗丗僈僗岺応側偳偱惢憿偝傟傞僈僗丅

僐乕僋僗楩僈僗丗僐乕僋僗惢憿偺嵺偵敪惗偡傞僈僗丅

崅楩僈僗丗梟峼楩偐傜攔弌偝傟傞暃嶻僈僗丅

懠偺夞廂僈僗丗惢憿側偳偱夞廂偝傟偨壜擱惈僈僗丅

塼壔愇桘僈僗丗尨桘丒揤慠僈僗偺嵦孈帪丄枖偼愇桘惛惢偺夁掱偱摼傜傟傞僾儘僷儞丄僽僞儞傪庡惉暘偲偟偨僈僗傪壛埑椻媝偟偰塼壔偟偨傕偺丅LP僈僗偲傕偄偆丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Energy Statistics Yearbook 2020 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 壩椡丄悈椡丄尨巕椡丄晽椡丄懢梲岝媦傃偦偺懠乮抧擬丄挭幀丄攇椡側偳乯偵傛傞敪揹検丅帺壠敪揹傪娷傓丅

敪揹検丗憤敪揹検丅

敪揹擻椡丗弮愝旛梕検丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Energy Statistics Yearbook 2020 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 奺帒尮偺妋擣壜嵦杽憼検乮尰嵼偺媄弍丒宱嵪忦審壓偱丄嵦孈偱偒傞偙偲偑妋擣偝傟偨検乯丅

柍墝扽丄鄉惵乮傟偒偣偄乯扽丄垷鄉惵扽丄妼扽丗愇扽傪愇扽壔搙乮愇扽偺崻尮怉暔偑愇扽偵曄幙偡傞夁掱偺恑峴搙崌偄乯偺崅偄曽偐傜弴偵柍墝扽丄鄉惵扽丄垷鄉惵扽丄妼扽媦傃垷扽丒揇扽偵暘椶偟丄堦斒偵柍墝扽偐傜妼扽傑偱傪愇扽偲屇傇丅

儁乕僕偺愭摢傊栠傞

栚師傊栠傞

乲弌揟乴 OECD, OECD.stat, Science, Technology and Patents丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 OECD偺掕媊媦傃暘椶偵傛傞丅乽婇嬈乿偺僨乕僞偵偮偄偰偼丄恖暥丒幮夛壢妛傪彍偔帺慠壢妛暘栰偺傒傪寁忋偟偰偄傞応崌傕偁傞丅

崙撪尋媶旓丗摉奩崙撪偱巊梡偝傟偨尋媶旓丅奜崙偐傜妱傝摉偰傜傟偨帒嬥偱幚巤偝傟傞尋媶丒奐敪傪娷傓丅

嵿尮丗惌晎丄婇嬈丄戝妛摍丄柉娫旕塩棙抍懱丄奀奜偺5偮偺暘椶偺偆偪丄惌晎媦傃婇嬈偵偮偄偰宖嵹偟偨丅

尋媶庡懱丗惌晎丄婇嬈丄戝妛摍丄柉娫旕塩棙抍懱偺4偮偺暘椶偺偆偪丄惌晎丄婇嬈媦傃戝妛摍偵偮偄偰宖嵹偟偨丅

惌晎丗拞墰丒抧曽惌晎丅庡偵惌晎偵娗棟偝傟丄惌晎偺帒嬥偵傛偭偰塣塩偝傟偰偄傞旕塩棙抍懱傪娷傓丅

婇嬈丗塩棙傪栚揑偲偡傞夛幮丄婡娭側偳丅偦傟傜偑塣塩偡傞旕塩棙抍懱傪娷傓丅

戝妛摍丗戝妛媦傃偦偺懠偺崅摍嫵堢婡娭丅崅摍嫵堢婡娭偑捈愙娗棟丒塣塩偡傞幚尡巤愝媦傃昦堾傪娷傓丅

乲弌揟乴 OECD, OECD.stat, Science, Technology and Patents丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴

丂尋媶幰悢丗尋媶丒奐敪偵廬帠偡傞戝妛堾攷巑壽掱偺嵼愋幰側偳傪娷傒丄尋媶丒奐敪婡娭側偳偵偍偗傞尋媶曗彆幰丄媄擻幰丄尋媶帠柋廬帠幰側偳傪彍偔丅

丂僼儖僞僀儉姺嶼丗尋媶奐敪嬈柋偵愱廬偟偨帪娫妱崌傪姩埬偡傞偙偲丅

丂惌晎丄婇嬈丄戝妛摍丗乽7-1丂崙撪尋媶旓乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

乲弌揟乴 摿嫋挕乽摿嫋峴惌擭師曬崘彂乿乮2023擭斉乯 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 嶻嬈嵿嶻尃偲偼丄摿嫋尃丄堄彔尃丄彜昗尃側偳傪偄偄丄擾嬈丒峼嬈丒彜嬈側偳偺嶻嬈偵娭偡傞抦揑嵿嶻傪娷傓丅

摿嫋尃丗帺慠朄懃傪棙梡偟偨丄怴婯惈偺偁傞丄嶻嬈忋桳梡側敪柧偵懳偟偰梌偊傜傟傞撈愯尃丅

堄彔尃丗怴偨偵峫偊弌偝傟偨暔昳偺宍忬側偳偵娭偡傞僨僓僀儞偵懳偟偰梌偊傜傟傞撈愯揑攔懠揑巊梡尃丅

彜昗尃丗搊榐偟偨彜昗乮彜昳丒栶柋偵巊梡偡傞暥帤丒恾宍側偳偺儅乕僋乯偺撈愯揑攔懠揑巊梡尃丅

乲弌揟乴 ITU, ICT Statistics Home Page 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 屌掕揹榖宊栺悢丗壛擖幰偺揹榖婡媦傃僼傽僋僔儈儕傪岞廜岎姺揹榖栐乮PSTN乯偵愙懕偡傞庡梫側夞慄乮傾僫儘僌丄ISDN丄VoIP丄WLL乯偺宊栺悢丅岞廜揹榖媦傃塹惎宊栺傪娷傓丅

堏摦揹榖宊栺悢丗PSTN傊偺傾僋僙僗傪採嫙偡傞堏摦揹榖僒乕價僗嬈幰偲偺宊栺悢丅

乲弌揟乴 ITU, ICT Statistics Home Page 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 尨懃偲偟偰丄奺崙偺挷嵏曬崘偵傛傞丅崙偵傛傝丄僀儞僞乕僱僢僩丒僒乕價僗丒僾儘僶僀僟乕壛擖幰悢偵婎偯偔悇寁抣偺応崌偑偁傞丅

乲弌揟乴 OECD, Broadband Portal 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 僽儘乕僪僶儞僪夞慄乮DSL丄働乕僽儖僀儞僞乕僱僢僩側偳丄戝梕検偺僨乕僞傪抁帪娫偵憲庴怣壜擻偲偡傞夞慄乯偺12寧尰嵼偺宊栺悢丅

DSL乮Digital Subscriber Line乯丗揹榖梡偺儊僞儕僢僋働乕僽儖偵儌僨儉側偳傪愝抲偡傞曽幃丅

働乕僽儖丗働乕僽儖僥儗價梡偺働乕僽儖傪梡偄偰採嫙偡傞僀儞僞乕僱僢僩愙懕僒乕價僗丅

岝僼傽僀僶乕丗岝僼傽僀僶乕傪巊梡偟偨捠怣働乕僽儖丅堦斒揑偵巊梡偝傟偰偄傞儊僞儖働乕僽儖傛傝丄崅懍側僨乕僞偺揱憲傪峴偆偙偲偑偱偒傞丅

儁乕僕偺愭摢傊栠傞

栚師傊栠傞

乲弌揟乴 OECD, OECD. Stat, Transport丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崅懍摴楬丗庡偵帺摦幵偺偨傔偵愝寁丄寶愝偝傟偨(1)拞墰懷偵傛傝墲暅岎捠偑曽柺暿偵暘棧偝傟丄(2)摴楬偲摨偠崅偝偵摜愗丄揝摴媦傃楬柺揹幵偺婳摴枖偼曕摴偑側偄丄(3)摿掕偺幵椉偵懳偡傞愱梡偺昗幆偑偁傞摴楬丅

曑憰摴楬丗傾僗僼傽儖僩丄僐儞僋儕乕僩枖偼愇忯偱昞柺偑暍傢傟偨摴楬丅

枹曑憰摴楬丗傾僗僼傽儖僩丄僐儞僋儕乕僩枖偼愇忯偱昞柺偑暍傢傟偰偄側偄摴楬丅

乲弌揟乴 岞塿嵿抍朄恖 栴栰峆懢婰擮夛乽悽奅崙惃恾夛乿乮2023/24乯

乲夝愢乴 楬忋傪憱峴偡傞帺摦幵偺搊榐戜悢丅

忔梡幵丗嵗惾悢10惾枹枮偱丄僞僋僔乕丄僴僀儎乕側偳傪娷傓丅

僩儔僢僋丒僶僗丗崙偵傛傝丄戝宆傪彍偔応崌偑偁傞丅

乲弌揟乴 The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崙偵傛傝挷嵏婜娫偑堎側傞丅

恖僉儘丗椃媞1恖傪1僉儘儊乕僩儖桝憲偟偨応崌丄1恖僉儘偲偄偆丅

僩儞僉儘丗壿暔1僩儞傪1僉儘儊乕僩儖塣憲偟偨応崌丄1僩儞僉儘偲偄偆丅

乲弌揟乴 堦斒幮抍朄恖 擔杮慏庡嫤夛乽奀塣摑寁梫棗乿乮2022擭乯 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 宱嵪妶摦偵廬帠偟偰偄傞100憤僩儞埲忋偺慏敃偺擭枛尰嵼偺慡梕検丅扨埵偺1憤僩儞偼丄100棫曽僼傿乕僩枖偼2.83棫曽儊乕僩儖丅 尨懃偲偟偰丄奺崙偺奀奜帺帯椞媦傃戞擇慏愋惂搙偵偮偄偰偼杮崙偺慏愋偵娷傔偰偄傞丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Monthly Bulletin of Statistics Online 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 摉奩崙偺峘偵偍偄偰丄偁傜備傞崙偺慏敃偵傛偭偰愊壸枖偼梘壸偝傟偨杅堈壿暔乮桝憲梡梕婍傪娷傓丅乯媦傃壠抺偺廳検丅曐惻憅屔傊偺梘壸枖偼曐惻憅屔偐傜偺愊壸傪娷傓丅梄曋暔丄嬥嬧夠丄壿暭丄忔媞壸暔丄慏梡擱椏丄慏敃梡昳丄掙壸丄懠偺慏敃偵愊傒崬傑傟偢偵庢堷偝傟傞慏敃偦偺傕偺丄惌晎愱梡慏偵傛傝桝憲偝傟偨惌晎梡昳媦傃愊懼偊壿暔乮桝擖慏敃偐傜桝弌慏敃傊愊傒懼偊傜傟偨傕偺乯偼彍偔丅

乲弌揟乴 The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 椃媞桝憲検丗峲嬻椃媞偵偼丄崙撪搊榐峲嬻夛幮偺崙撪奜偺椃媞偑娷傑傟傞丅

壿暔桝憲検丗奺旘峴抜奒(棧棨偐傜師偺拝棨傑偱偺峲嬻婡偺塣峲)偱桝憲偝傟傞壿暔検丄懍払壿暔検媦傃奜岎忋偺壿暔検丅扨埵偵偮偄偰偼乽8-3丂揝摴桝憲検乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Statistical Yearbook 2023, 66th issue 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 椃峴媞偺摓拝悢乮墑傋恖悢乯丅

椃峴媞丗奜崙恖擖崙幰偺偆偪丄廂擖傪摼傞偙偲傪栚揑偲偟側偄丄懾嵼婜娫偑1擭傪挻偊側偄椃峴幰丅堏柉丄崙嫬抧懷嫃廧幰丄杮崙偲挀嵼崙傪堏摦偡傞孯恖丒奜岎姱丒椞帠姱丄忔姺媞側偳傪彍偔丅

乲弌揟乴 The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 懠崙偺椃峴媞偐傜摼偨廂擖妟媦傃帺崙偺椃峴媞偑奜崙偱巟弌偟偨妟丅椃峴旓梡乮廻攽旓丄尰抧偱偺岎捠旓摍乯媦傃崙嵺椃媞塣捓乮搉峲帪偺椃媞塣捓乯丅崙偵傛傝堦晹偺旓梡傪彍偔応崌偑偁傞丅

儁乕僕偺愭摢傊栠傞

栚師傊栠傞

乲弌揟乴 UN, Monthly Bulletin of Statistics Analytical Trade Tables 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 杅堈曽幃丗杅堈傪婰榐偡傞偵偼丄堦斒揑偵乽堦斒杅堈曽幃乿枖偼乽摿暿杅堈曽幃乿偑梡偄傜傟傞丅奺曽幃偺掕媊偼師偺偲偍傝偱偁傞丅桝憲搑拞偱捠夁偟偨偩偗枖偼愊傒懼偊傜傟偨偩偗偺彜昳偼寁忋偝傟側偄丅

堦斒杅堈曽幃丗

桝弌乧(1)崙嶻昳乮慡晹枖偼堦晹偑崙撪偱惗嶻偝傟偨彜昳乯偺桝弌丄(2)巗応偵棳捠偟偰偄偨奜崙彜昳偺嵞桝弌丄(3)曐惻憅屔偵曐娗偝傟偰偄偨奜崙彜昳偺嵞桝弌偺崌寁丅

桝擖乧(1)崙撪偱偺徚旓傪栚揑偲偡傞彜昳偺桝擖丄(2)奜崙彜昳偺曐惻憅屔傊偺斃擖偺崌寁丅

摿暿杅堈曽幃丗

桝弌乧(1)崙嶻昳乮慡晹枖偼堦晹偑崙撪偱惗嶻偝傟偨彜昳乯偺桝弌丄(2)巗応偵棳捠偟偰偄偨奜崙彜昳偺嵞桝弌偺崌寁丅

桝擖乧(1)崙撪偱偺徚旓傪栚揑偲偡傞彜昳偺桝擖丄(2)崙撪偱偺徚旓傪栚揑偲偡傞奜崙彜昳偺曐惻憅屔偐傜偺斃弌偺崌寁丅

桝弌妟丗FOB壙奿乮free on board丗杮慏搉偟壙奿乯丅杮慏偵栺掕昳傪愊傒崬傓傑偱偺旓梡傪攧傝庤偑晧扴偡傞庢堷忦審丅

桝擖妟丗CIF壙奿乮cost, insurance and freight丗曐尟椏丒塣捓崬傒壙奿乯丅杮慏偵栺掕昳傪愊傒崬傓傑偱偺旓梡丄巇岦峘傑偱偺塣捓媦傃曐尟椏傪攧傝庤偑晧扴偡傞庢堷忦審丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Monthly Bulletin of Statistics Analytical Trade Tables 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 桝弌妟偼FOB壙奿丄桝擖妟偼CIF壙奿丅桝弌擖妟偵偮偄偰偼乽9-1丂崙暿桝弌擖憤妟乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅巜悢嶼弌帪偺壙奿偼丄暷僪儖姺嶼偵傛傞丅

悢検巜悢丗桝弌擖偺悢検偺曄壔傪帵偡丅

壙奿巜悢丗桝弌擖偺暯嬒壙奿偺曄壔傪帵偡丅

乲弌揟乴 IMF, The Principal Global Indicators 2020擭12寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崙撪憤惗嶻乮GDP乯偵懳偡傞桝弌妟媦傃桝擖妟偺妱崌丅尨懃偲偟偰丄桝弌妟偼FOB壙奿丄桝擖妟偼CIF壙奿丅桝弌擖妟偵偮偄偰偼乽9-1丂崙暿桝弌擖憤妟乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Comtrade Database 2022擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 奺崙偺嵟怴擭偺桝弌妟乮FOB壙奿乯媦傃桝擖妟乮CIF壙奿乯丅彜昳暘椶偼昗弨崙嵺杅堈暘椶乮SITC丗Standard International Trade Classification乯戞4斉偺戝暘椶偵傛傞丅桝弌擖妟媦傃杅堈曽幃偵偮偄偰偼乽9-1丂崙暿桝弌擖憤妟乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

彜昳暘椶丗SITC僐乕僪乮SITC乯乮5寘乯偼丄嵍偐傜1寘栚偑戝暘椶丄2寘栚偑拞暘椶丄3寘栚偑彫暘椶丄4寘栚偑嵶暘椶丄5寘栚偑嵶乆暘椶丅 戝暘椶偼師偺偲偍傝偱偁傞丅

丂丂0丂怘椏昳媦傃摦暔乮怘梡乯 丂丂1丂堸椏媦傃偨偽偙 丂丂2丂旕怘昳尨嵽椏乮峼暔惈擱椏傪彍偔丅乯 丂丂3丂峼暔惈擱椏 丂丂4丂摦怉暔惈桘帀 丂丂5丂壔妛惢昳 丂丂6丂岺嬈惢昳 丂丂7丂婡夿椶媦傃桝憲梡婡婍 丂丂8丂嶨惢昳乮拞暘椶偵傛傞撪栿 81乧僾儗僴僽寶抸暔丄塹惗婍嬶丄攝娗岺帠娭學昳丄 丂丂丂抔朳婍嬶媦傃徠柧婍嬶丄82乧壠嬶媦傃偦偺晹昳丄83乧椃峴梡嬶丄僴儞僪僶僢僌椶丄 丂丂丂84乧堖椶媦傃偦偺晅懏昳丄85乧棜暔丄87乧岝妛婡婍丄堛椕梡婡婍丄 寁應婡婍媦傃惂屼婡婍丄 丂丂丂88乧幨恀梡婡婍丄偦偺懠偺岝妛梡昳媦傃帪寁丄89乧 偦偺懠偺嶨惢昳乯 丂丂9丂偦偺懠乮拞暘椶偵傛傞撪栿 91乧梄曋彫曪乮庬椶暿偵暘椶偝傟側偄傕偺乯丄 丂丂丂93乧摿庩庢埖昳乮庬椶暿偵暘椶偝傟側偄傕偺乯丄96乧嬥壿埲奜偺壿暭乮朄掕捠壿偱側偄傕偺丅乯丄 丂丂丂97乧嬥乮旕壿暭梡丅嬥峼愇媦傃擹弅偟偨傕偺傪彍偔丅乯乯

乲弌揟乴 UN, Comtrade Database 2022擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 彜昳柤偺屻偺妵屖撪偺悢帤偼SITC僐乕僪乮SITC乯乮乽9-4丂彜昳暘椶暿桝弌擖妟乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠乯丅桝弌妟偼FOB壙奿丄桝擖妟偼CIF壙奿乮乽9-1丂崙暿桝弌擖憤妟乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠乯丅尨懃偲偟偰丄弌揟帒椏偵婰嵹偝傟偰偄傞崙偵偮偄偰丄嵟怴擭偺庡梫彜昳暿桝弌擖妟忋埵10偐崙傪宖嵹丅偨偩偟丄擔杮偑11埵埲壓偱弌揟帒椏偵婰嵹偝傟偰偄傞応崌偵偼丄10埵偺崙偵戙偊偰妵屖晅偒偱宖嵹丅

擏椶乮媿擏埲奜乯丗惗慛丄椻憼枖偼椻搥偺擏丅媿擏偦偺懠偺偔偢擏傪娷傓丅

嫑椶丗惗慛丄椻憼枖偼椻搥偺嫑丅

峛妅椶丄擃懱摦暔丗惗慛丄椻憼枖偼椻搥偺傕偺丅墫捫偗側偳傪娷傓丅

彫敒丄儊僗儕儞丗枹惢暡偺傕偺丅儊僗儕儞偼丄彫敒偲儔僀敒傪崿崌偟偨傕偺丅

偲偆傕傠偙偟丗枹惢暡偺傕偺丅庬巕傪娷傒丄僗僀乕僩僐乕儞傪彍偔丅

栰嵷丄偄傕丄摛椶丗惗慛丄椻憼丄椻搥枖偼娙扨側曐懚忬懺偵偟偨傕偺丅偄傕丄摛椶偼姡憞昳傪娷傓丅

壥幚丄僫僢僣丗惗慛枖偼姡憞昳丅嵦桘梡僫僢僣傪彍偔丅

梤栄丗梤埲奜偺廱栄媦傃僂乕儖僩僢僾傪娷傓丅

揝峼愇丗惛峼傪娷傓丅

愇扽丗嬅寢偝偣偨傕偺傪彍偔丅

尨桘丗鄉惵乮傟偒偣偄乯桘傪娷傓丅

愇桘惢昳丗婗敪桘丄摂桘丄寉桘丄擱椏桘丄弫妸桘側偳丅

巻丄斅巻丗摿掕偺宍忬偵愗偭偨傕偺媦傃惢昳傪彍偔丅

恀庫丄婱愇丄敿婱愇丗枹壛岺昳丄崌惉昳媦傃嵞惗昳傪娷傓丅惢昳傪彍偔丅

摵丗捑揳摵傪彍偔丅

傾儖儈僯僂儉丗崌嬥媦傃壛岺昳傪娷傓丅

帺摦僨乕僞張棟婡夿丗僨乕僞傪儊僨傿傾偵揮幨偡傞偨傔偺婡夿丅廃曈婡婍傪娷傓丅

捠怣婡婍媦傃摨晅懏昳摍丗捠怣傗壒惡偺榐壒丒嵞惗憰抲丅

忔梡帺摦幵丗塣揮庤傪娷傓忔幵掕堳9恖埲壓偺傕偺丅

帺摦幵晹昳丒晅懏昳摍丗僔儍僔乕媦傃幵懱傪娷傓丅

峲嬻婡摍丗僿儕僐僾僞乕丄旘峴慏丄婥媴丄塅拡慏丄娭楢婡婍媦傃晹昳傪娷傓丅

慏敃摍丗晜懱峔憿暔乮晜偒嶸嫶側偳乯傪娷傓丅

堖椶丗朮巕丄庤戃側偳偺晅懏昳傪娷傓丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Comtrade Database 2022擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 桝弌妟偼FOB壙奿丄桝擖妟偼CIF壙奿丅桝弌擖妟媦傃杅堈曽幃偵偮偄偰偼乽9-1丂崙暿桝弌擖憤妟乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

憡庤崙丗奺崙偺嵟怴擭偺杅堈憡庤崙偵偮偄偰丄庡梫愭恑崙偼桝弌丄桝擖偦傟偧傟忋埵10偐崙傪丄偦傟埲奜偺崙偼忋埵5偐崙傪宖嵹丅

儁乕僕偺愭摢傊栠傞

栚師傊栠傞

乲弌揟乴 IMF, Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Statistics 2023擭12寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 堦掕婜娫偵偍偗傞摉奩崙偺懳奜宱嵪庢堷傪懱宯揑偵婰榐偟偨傕偺乮崙嵺捠壿婎嬥乮IMF乯偺崙嵺廂巟儅僯儏傾儖戞6斉偵傛傞丅乯丅

杅堈丒僒乕價僗廂巟丗惗嶻妶摦偺惉壥偱偁傞彅昳栚偺庢堷傪寁忋丅杅堈廂巟偼丄嵿壿偺庢堷乮桝弌擖乯傪寁忋偡傞崁栚偱丄堦斒彜昳丄拠夘杅堈彜昳媦傃旕壿暭梡嬥偵嬫暘丅堦斒彜昳偵偮偄偰偼丄桝擖丄桝弌偲傕偵FOB壙奿乮乽9-1丂崙暿桝弌擖憤妟乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠乯丅僒乕價僗廂巟偼丄僒乕價僗庢堷傪寁忋偡傞崁栚偱丄桝憲丄椃峴媦傃偦偺懠僒乕價僗偵嬫暘丅

戞堦師強摼廂巟丗惗嶻夁掱偵娭楢偟偨強摼媦傃嵿嶻強摼傪寁忋丅屬梡幰曬廣丄搳帒廂塿媦傃偦偺懠戞堦師強摼偵嬫暘丅

戞擇師強摼廂巟丗宱忢堏揮偵傛傞強摼偺嵞攝暘傪寁忋丅乽堏揮乿偲偼丄乽岎姺乿偲懳斾偝偣傞庢堷偺奣擮偱偁傝丄摉帠幰偺堦曽偑宱嵪揑壙抣偺偁傞傕偺乮嵿壿丄僒乕價僗丄嬥梈帒嶻媦傃旕嬥梈旕惗嶻帒嶻乯傪柍彏偱憡庤曽偵採嫙偡傞庢堷傪巜偡丅嫃廧幰偺晹栧偵傛偭偰丄乽堦斒惌晎乿偲乽堦斒惌晎埲奜乿偵嬫暘丅

帒杮堏揮摍廂巟丗帒杮堏揮媦傃旕嬥梈旕惗嶻帒嶻偺庢摼張暘傪寁忋丅

嬥梈廂巟丗懳奜嬥梈帒嶻晧嵚偵學傞庢堷傪寁忋丅捈愙搳帒丄徹寯搳帒丄嬥梈攈惗彜昳丄偦偺懠搳帒媦傃奜壿弨旛偵嬫暘偟丄偝傜偵丄偦傟偧傟帒嶻媦傃晧嵚偵嬫暘丅帒嶻丒晧嵚偑憹壛偟偨応崌偼乽僾儔僗乿丄尭彮偟偨応崌偼乽儅僀僫僗乿丅

乲弌揟乴 IMF, International Financial Statistics 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 捠壿摉嬊偑堊懼夘擖偵巊梡偡傞帒嬥偱偁傞傎偐丄捠壿婋婡摍偵傛傝丄懠崙偵懳偟偰奜壿寶偰嵚柋偺曉嵪偑崲擄偵側偭偨応崌摍偵巊梡偡傞弨旛帒嶻乮奺擭枛尰嵼乯丅嬥丄SDR丄IMF儕僓乕僽億僕僔儑儞媦傃偦偺懠奜壿弨旛偐傜側傞丅

嬥丗弮嬥1僩儘僀僆儞僗亖35 SDR偱暷僪儖偵姺嶼丅

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丒偦偺懠偺岞揑帒嬥乮OOF乯丗ODA偲偟偰偺忦審傪枮偨偝側偄岞揑帒嬥丅桝弌怣梡丄捈愙搳帒丄崙嵺婡娭偵懳偡傞梈帒側偳丅

奐敪墖彆埾堳夛乮DAC丗Development Assistance Committee乯丗OECD偺拞偱丄奐敪墖彆乮奐敪搑忋崙乮抧堟乯偺宱嵪丒幮夛奐敪偵懳偡傞墖彆乯偵偮偄偰愱栧揑側媍榑丄専摙傪峴偭偰偄傞慻怐偱偁傝丄OECD壛柨崙偺偆偪31偐崙媦傃墷廈楢崌偱峔惉丅

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崙嵺楢崌丗崙嵺楢崌丄偦偺曗彆婡娭側偳偺帒嬥嫤椡偺崌寁丅

偦偺懠丗僇儕僽奐敪嬧峴丄傾儔僽宱嵪幮夛奐敪婎嬥側偳丅

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柉娫帒嬥乮PF丗Private Flows乯丗嬧峴戄晅丄柉娫桝弌怣梡丄捈愙搳帒丄奐敪搑忋崙媦傃崙嵺婡娭偺徹寯丒嵚寯偺峸擖側偳丅

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乲夝愢乴 ODA偺栺懇妟乮墖彆崙偲旐墖彆崙娫偱嫤椡偺撪梕傪庢傝寛傔偨岎姺岞暥彂偵婎偯偔妟乯偵傛傞暘栰暿偺攝暘妱崌丅暘栰偺嬫暘偼DAC偵傛傞丅

幮夛丒峴惌婎斦丗嫵堢丄曐寬丄恖岥惌嶔丄儕僾儘僟僋僥傿僽丒僿儖僗丄惌晎媦傃巗柉幮夛丄悈嫙媼丒塹惗側偳丅

宱嵪婎斦丗塣桝丒捠怣丄僄僱儖僊乕側偳丅

惗嶻丗擾椦悈嶻嬈乮擾懞奐敪傪娷傓丅乯丄峼岺嬈丒寶愝丄杅堈丒娤岝側偳丅

偦偺懠丗僾儘僌儔儉墖彆丄嵚柋媬嵪丄恖摴巟墖丄峴惌宱旓側偳丅娷傑傟傞崁栚偼崙偵傛傝堎側傞丅嵚柋媬嵪偵偼丄旕ODA嵚柋媬嵪傪娷傓丅

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屻敪奐敪搑忋崙乮LDCs丗Least Developed Countries乯丗崙楢偵傛傞奐敪搑忋崙偺強摼暿暘椶偱丄奐敪搑忋崙偺拞偱傕摿偵奐敪偑抶傟偰偄傞崙丅偙傟傜偺崙偼丄DAC偑嶌惉偡傞乽墖彆庴庢崙丒抧堟儕僗僩乿偵傕宖嵹偝傟偰偄傞丅

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乲夝愢乴 奺崙惌晎偑崙嵺婡娭偵採嫙偟偨忣曬媦傃崙嵺婡娭偺尋媶挷嵏摍偵婎偯偒丄UNDP乮(1)乣(4)乯媦傃悽奅嬧峴乮(5)乣(16)乯偑庢傝傑偲傔偨傕偺丅僨乕僞偺擭師偑乽2009-19乿偺傛偆偵昞婰偝傟偰偄傞傕偺偼丄偦偺婜娫撪偵擖庤偱偒偨捈嬤偺擭師僨乕僞偱偁傞偙偲傪帵偡丅

(1) 恖娫奐敪巜悢乮HDI乯丗寬峃丄抦幆丄惗妶悈弨偲偄偆恖娫奐敪偺3偮偺懁柺偵娭偟偰丄偁傞崙偵偍偗傞暯嬒払惉搙傪應傞偨傔偺巜昗丅HDI偼0乣1偺娫偺悢抣偱昞偝傟丄1偵嬤偄傎偳恖娫奐敪偑恑傫偱偄傞偙偲傪帵偡丅

(2) 崙嵺昻崲儔僀儞埲壓偺恖岥妱崌丗崙嵺昻崲儔僀儞乮1恖1擔摉偨傝偺惗妶旓1.90暷僪儖乗峸攦椡暯壙姺嶼乯埲壓偺恖岥妱崌丅乽峸攦椡暯壙乿偼丄乽3-9丂OECD壛柨崙偺峸攦椡暯壙偺悇堏乿偺夝愢傪嶲徠丅

(3) 懡師尦昻崲巜悢乮MPI乯丗寬峃丄抦幆丄惗妶悈弨偺柺偵偍偗傞怺崗側昻崲偺搙崌偄傪悢抣壔偟偨巜昗丅悢抣偑戝偒偄傎偳懡師尦昻崲搙偑崅偄丅

(4) 暯嬒廇妛擭悢丗25嵨埲忋偺恖偑惗奤傪捠偠偰庴偗偨嫵堢擭悢偺暯嬒丅

(5) 5嵨枹枮偺敪堢慾奞帣偺妱崌丗WHO偺乽巕偳傕偺惉挿偲敪堢偺昡壙婎弨乿乮WHO Child Growth Standards乯偵傛傞恎挿擭楊斾偺拞墰抣偐傜丄昗弨曃嵎偑儅僀僫僗2傪壓夞傞惗屻0乣59偐寧帣偺妱崌乮悇寁抣乯丅

(6) 擕帣巰朣棪丗弌惗帪偐傜枮1嵨偵払偡傞擔傑偱偵巰朣偡傞妋棪丅弌惗1,000恖摉偨傝偺巰朣悢偱昞偡丅

(7) 5嵨枹枮帣巰朣棪丗弌惗帪偐傜枮5嵨偵払偡傞擔傑偱偵巰朣偡傞妋棪丅弌惗1,000恖摉偨傝偺巰朣悢偱昞偡丅

(8) 塰梴晄椙偺恖岥妱崌丗怘暔愛庢検偑枬惈揑偵廫暘偱側偄恖岥妱崌丅

(9) 埨慡偵娗棟偝傟偨堸椏悈傪棙梡偟偰偄傞恖岥妱崌丗帺戭偵偁傝丄昁梫側帪偵擖庤偱偒丄攔煏暔傗壔妛暔幙偵傛偭偰墭愼偝傟偰偄側偄丄夵慞偝傟偨悈尮偐傜堸椏悈傪棙梡偟偰偄傞恖岥妱崌丅夵慞偝傟偨悈尮偲偼丄悈摴丄娗堜屗丄曐岇偝傟偨孈嶍堜屗丄曐岇偝傟偨愹媦傃崼曪枖偼攝払偝傟傞悈側偳丅

(10) 揹椡傪棙梡偱偒傞恖岥妱崌丗揹椡傪棙梡偡傞偙偲偑偱偒傞恖岥妱崌丅

(11) 擠嶻晈巰朣棪丗弌惗10枩恖摉偨傝丄擠怭拞枖偼擠怭廔椆偐傜42擔埲撪偵丄擠怭娭楢偺尨場偱巰朣偟偨彈惈偺恖悢乮悇寁抣乯丅

(12) 堛巘側偳偑曗彆偟偨弌嶻偺妱崌丗擠怭丒恮捝拞媦傃嶻屻偺彈惈偵懳偟偰丄昁梫側娔撀媦傃帺屓暘曍傗怴惗帣偺悽榖偵娭偡傞彆尵傪梌偊傞傛偆偵孭楙傪庴偗偨恖偑曗彆傪峴偭偨暘曍偺妱崌丅

(13) 15乣19嵨彈惈偺弌惗棪丗15乣19嵨偺彈惈1,000恖摉偨傝偺弌惗悢丅

(14) 15乣49嵨婛崶彈惈偺旔擠幚峴棪丗杮恖枖偼憡庤偑彮側偔偲傕1偮偺嬤戙揑曽朄偵傛傞旔擠傪幚巤偟偰偄傞彈惈偺妱崌丅嬤戙揑曽朄偲偼丄旔擠庤弍丄僺儖丄巕媨撪旔擠婍嬶乮IUD乯丄抝惈梡僐儞僪乕儉丄拲幩宆旔擠栻丄僀儞僾儔儞僩乮僲儖僾儔儞僩乮旂壓杽崬幃旔擠栻乯傪娷傓丅乯丄僶儕傾旔擠朄丄彈惈梡僐儞僪乕儉媦傃嬞媫旔擠朄側偳丅

(15) 梒帣傊偺偼偟偐儚僋僠儞愙庬棪丗惗屻12偐寧枖偼挷嵏擔傑偱偵丄偼偟偐儚僋僠儞偺愙庬傪庴偗偨惗屻12乣23偐寧偺梒帣偺妱崌丅

(16) 寢妀滊姵棪丗恖岥10枩恖摉偨傝偺寢妀滊姵幰悢乮悇寁抣乯丅

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憤悢丗擄柉偺傎偐丄斴岇乮傂偛乯婓朷幰乮帺崙傪棧傟丄懠崙偱斴岇怽惪傪婓朷偟丄朄揑側擄柉偲偟偰偺擣掕傪懸偮恖乆乯丄婣娨柉乮弌恎崙傊婣娨偟偨恖乆乯丄崙撪旔擄柉乮懠崙傊摝傟傞偙偲偑偱偒偢崙撪偱旔擄偟偰偄傞偨傔丄崙嵺朄偵婎偯偔曐岇傗墖彆傪庴偗傞偙偲偑偱偒側偄恖乆乯丄柍崙愋幰側偳UNHCR偺墖彆懳徾幰偑娷傑傟傞丅

擄柉丗恖庬丄廆嫵丄崙愋丄惌帯揑堄尒枖偼摿掕偺幮夛廤抍偵懏偡傞偲偄偆棟桼偱丄帺崙偵偄傞偲敆奞傪庴偗傞偍偦傟偑偁傞偨傔偵懠崙傊摝傟丄崙嵺揑曐岇傪昁梫偲偡傞恖乆丅擄柉偲摨條偺曐岇傪庴偗偰偄傞幰傪娷傓丅

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擭楊奒媺暿楯摥椡恖岥斾棪丗擭楊奒媺暿15嵨埲忋恖岥偵愯傔傞擭楊奒媺暿楯摥椡恖岥偺妱崌丅擭楊奒媺偑堎側傞崙偵偮偄偰偼拲婰丅

乲弌揟乴 ILO, ILOSTAT Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭12寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 挷嵏婜娫拞偵摥偄偰偄偨堦掕擭楊埲忋偺桳媼偺屬梡幰乮孯戉傪娷傓丅乯媦傃帺塩嬈庡乮壠懓廬嬈幰傪娷傓丅乯偺悢丅桳媼偺媥嬈幰傪娷傓丅

乲弌揟乴 ILO, ILOSTAT Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭12寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 嬑傔愭偺帠嬈強偺嶻嬈乮帠嬈撪梕乯暿廇嬈幰悢丅嶻嬈暘椶偼崙嵺昗弨嶻嬈暘椶(ISIC丗International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities)偺戞4斉乮Rev.4乯偵傛傞丅

乲弌揟乴 ILO, ILOSTAT Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭12寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 怑嬈乮杮恖偺巇帠偺庬椶乯暿廇嬈幰悢丅怑嬈暘椶偼崙嵺昗弨怑嬈暘椶(ISCO丗International Standard Classification of Occupations)偵傛傞丅

乲弌揟乴 ILO, ILOSTAT Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 幐嬈幰丗廇嬈壜擻側忬懺偵偁傞偑巇帠偑側偔丄巇帠傪扵偟偰偄傞幰丅

幐嬈棪丗楯摥椡恖岥偵愯傔傞幐嬈幰偺妱崌丅

乲弌揟乴 ILO, ILOSTAT Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭12寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 廇嬈幰偺1廡娫摉偨傝暯嬒幚楯摥帪娫丅廇嬈宍懺偼丄屬梡幰丅楯摥帪娫偼丄挷嵏婜娫偵幚嵺偵摥偄偨帪娫丅嶻嬈暘椶偼ISIC偺戞4斉乮Rev.4乯偵傛傞丅

乲弌揟乴 ILO, ILOSTAT Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 屬梡幰1恖摉偨傝1偐寧暯嬒捓嬥丅嶻嬈暘椶偼丄ISIC偺戞4斉乮Rev.4乯偵傛傞丅戞3斉1乮Rev.3.1乯偵傛傞応崌偼拲婰丅

乲弌揟乴 岞塿嵿抍朄恖 擔杮惗嶻惈杮晹乽楯摥惗嶻惈偺崙嵺斾妑乿乮2022擭斉乯 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崙撪憤惗嶻乮GDP乯傪廇嬈幰悢偱彍偟偨傕偺丅

乲弌揟乴 ILO, ILOSTAT Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 楯摥嵭奞丗廇嬈拞偺帠屘偵婲場偡傞巰朣丄晧彎媦傃幘昦丅崙偵傛傝掕媊丄曬崘偺庬椶丄懳徾側偳偑堎側傞丅嶻嬈暘椶偼ISIC偵傛傞丅

乲弌揟乴 ILO, ILOSTAT Database丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 楯摥憟媍丗楯摥幰枖偼屬梡庡偑梫媮枖偼掞峈偺偨傔偵峴偆堄恾揑側堦帪嶌嬈掆巭乮僗僩儔僀僉媦傃儘僢僋傾僂僩乯丅崙偵傛傝掕媊丄廤寁曽朄丄懳徾側偳偑堎側傞丅

審悢丗僗僩儔僀僉媦傃儘僢僋傾僂僩偺敪惗審悢丅慜擭傛傝宲懕偟偰偄傞応崌傪娷傓丅

嶲壛恖堳丗捈愙揑枖偼娫愙揑偵嶲壛偟偨楯摥幰乮僗僩儔僀僉傗儘僢僋傾僂僩偺寢壥丄嶌嬈晄擻偲側偭偨楯摥幰乯丅

懝幐擔悢丗嶌嬈掆巭偵傛傝楯摥偵廬帠偟側偐偭偨墑傋擔悢丅

儁乕僕偺愭摢傊栠傞

栚師傊栠傞

乲弌揟乴 UN, Monthly Bulletin of Statistics Online 2023擭8寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 惗嶻幰暔壙巜悢(PPI丗Producer Price Index)丗惗嶻抧偐傜弌壸偝傟傞帪揰枖偼惗嶻夁掱偵擖傞帪揰偵偍偗傞丄嵿丒僒乕價僗壙奿偺曄壔傪帵偡巜悢丅捠忢乽庢堷壙奿乿偱偁傝丄峊彍偱偒側偄娫愙惻傪娷傒丄曗彆嬥傪彍偔丅嶻嬈偺斖埻偼崙偵傛傝堎側傞偑丄乽擾椦悈嶻嬈乿丄乽峼嬈媦傃嵦愇嬈乿丄乽惢憿嬈乿媦傃乽揹婥丒僈僗媦傃悈嫙媼嬈乿側偳偱偁傞丅 丂丂偙偙偱偼師偺暘椶偵傛傞丅 丂丂丂丂崙撪嫙媼昳 丂丂丂丂丂崙撪巗応岦偗崙撪惗嶻昳 丂丂丂丂丂丂擾椦悈嶻暔 丂丂丂丂丂丂岺嬈惢昳 丂丂丂丂丂桝擖昳

乲弌揟乴 IMF, International Financial Statistics 2023擭8寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 徚旓幰偑峸擖偡傞嵿丒僒乕價僗傪堦掕検偵屌掕偟丄偙傟偵梫偡傞旓梡偺曄壔傪巜悢抣偱帵偟偨傕偺丅崙偵傛傝丄懳徾偲偡傞抧堟丄挷嵏悽懷摍偑尷掕偝傟傞応崌偑偁傞丅

乲弌揟乴 The World Bank, Commodity Price Data 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崙嵺彜昳壙奿巜悢丗儔僗僷僀儗僗幃偵傛傞丅崙嵺揑偵庢堷偝傟傞庡梫彜昳偺巗応壙奿偵婎偯偔丅

僄僱儖僊乕丗尨桘丄愇扽媦傃揤慠僈僗丅

旕僄僱儖僊乕丗擱椏媦傃婱嬥懏傪彍偔埲壓偺昳栚偵傛傞丅

堸椏丗僐僐傾丄僐乕僸乕媦傃拑丅

怘椏丗怉暔桘丄摛椶丄崚椶丄壥幚椶丄擏椶丄嫑夘椶丄嵒摐側偳丅

擾嶻尨嵽椏丗偨偽偙丄栘嵽丄柸壴媦傃僑儉丅

旍椏丗儕儞巁墫娾丄擜慺丄墫壔僇儕僂儉側偳丅

嬥懏丗傾儖儈僯僂儉丄揝峼愇丄摵丄墧丄偡偢丄僯僢働儖媦傃垷墧丅

婱嬥懏丗嬥丄僾儔僠僫媦傃嬧丅

壙奿/扨埵丗庢堷巗応偱捠忢巊梡偝傟傞悢検扨埵摉偨傝偺壙奿丅

乲弌揟乴 UN, Monthly Bulletin of Statistics Online 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崙楢杮晹乮暷崙丄僯儏乕儓乕僋乯偐傜悽奅奺崙偵攈尛偝傟偰偄傞怑堳偺晪擟抧暿偺惗寁旓巜悢丅怑堳偑巟弌偡傞丄彜昳丄僒乕價僗媦傃廧戭偺壙奿偐傜偦傟偧傟偺晪擟抧偵偍偄偰丄僯儏乕儓乕僋偲摨摍偺惗妶傪偡傞偨傔偵昁梫側惗寁旓傪枅擭掕婜揑偵嶼弌偟偰偄傞丅 偙偺惗寁旓巜悢偼丄崙楢偑怑堳偺奀奜嬑柋庤摉偺嶼弌偺偨傔偵嶌惉偟偰偄傞傕偺偱偁傝丄堦斒揑側惗寁旓偺崙嵺斾妑丄撪奜壙奿嵎摍傪昞偡傕偺偱偼側偄丅

儁乕僕偺愭摢傊栠傞

栚師傊栠傞

乲弌揟乴 UN, Demographic Yearbook system, Demographic Yearbook 2017, 2021丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2022擭12寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 幘昦媦傃娭楢曐寬栤戣偺崙嵺摑寁暘椶(ICD丗International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems)戞10斉偵傛傞巰場暿偺巰朣悢乮恖岥10枩恖摉偨傝乯丅

憤悢丗懠偺巰場傪娷傓丅

弞娐婍宯偺幘姵丗怱幘姵丄崅寣埑惈幘姵丄擼寣娗幘姵側偳丅

屇媧婍宯偺幘姵丗僀儞僼儖僄儞僓丄攛墛側偳丅

徚壔婍宯偺幘姵丗堓捵釃丄廫擇巜挵捵釃丄娞幘姵側偳丅

乲弌揟乴 The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 堛椕旓巟弌丗堛椕旓巟弌偺悇寁偼丄偦偺堦擭偺娫偵徚旓偝傟偨僿儖僗働傾彜昳媦傃僒乕價僗傪娷傒丄寶暔丄婡夿丄IT丄嬞媫梡枖偼姶愼徢偺棳峴偵旛偊偨儚僋僠儞偺旛拁側偳偺帒杮揑堛椕旓巟弌傪彍偔丅

岞揑堛椕旓巟弌丗堛椕旓巟弌偺偆偪丄崙撪偺岞揑帒嬥尮偐傜巟弌偝傟偨傕偺丅崙撪偺岞揑帒嬥尮偼丄撪晹堏揮媦傃彆惉嬥偲偟偰偺崙撪廂擖丄堏揮丄擟堄偺寬峃曐尟庴塿幰丄懳壠寁旕塩棙抍懱枖偼婇嬈偺帒嬥挷払僗僉乕儉傊偺曗彆嬥暲傃偵媊柋揑側孞忋偘曉嵪媦傃幮夛曐尟椏偺嫆弌傪娷傓丅惌晎偑堛椕偵旓傗偟偨奜晹帒尮傪彍偔丅

堛巘丗憤崌堛媦傃愱栧堛傪娷傓丅

娕岇巘丒彆嶻巘丗弝娕岇巘丒曗彆彆嶻巘丄帟壢塹惗巑側偳傪娷傓丅

昦彴悢丗昦堾乮岞揑丒柉娫丒憤崌丒愱栧乯媦傃儕僴價儕僥乕僔儑儞巤愝偵偍偗傞擖堾姵幰梡偺儀僢僪悢丅

乲弌揟乴 OECD, OECD. Stat, Transport丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭11寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 帠屘審悢丗摴楬忋偵偍偄偰丄幵椉偺岎捠偵傛偭偰敪惗偟偨丄恖偺巰朣枖偼晧彎傪敽偆帠屘偺審悢丅嬌傔偰抁偄娫妘偱楢懕偟偰婲偙傞暋悢幵椉偵傛傞徴撍帠屘偼丄1審偲悢偊傞丅暔揑懝奞偺傒偺帠屘傪彍偔丅

晧彎幰悢丗帯椕傪昁梫偲偡傞晧彎幰悢丅

巰幰悢丗懄巰媦傃岎捠帠屘敪惗屻30擔埲撪偺巰朣幰悢丅

乲弌揟乴 FAO, FAOSTAT丗Food Balances 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崙柉偵懳偟偰嫙媼偝傟傞憤擬検傪丄摉奩擭偺恖岥媦傃擔悢偱彍偟偨傕偺丅FAO悇寁抣丅 奺崁栚偺撪梕偼尨懃偲偟偰埲壓偺偲偍傝丅崙偵傛偭偰偼堦晹彍偐傟傞応崌偑偁傞丅

崚椶丗暷丄彫敒丄戝敒丄偲偆傕傠偙偟丄儔僀敒丄偊傫敒媦傃偦偺懠偺崚暔丅價乕儖傪彍偔丅

偄傕椶丗偽傟偄偟傚丄偐傫偟傚丄僉儍僢僒僶媦傃偦偺懠偺夠崻椶丅

嵒摐椶丗嵒摐丄偼偪傒偮媦傃偦偺懠偺娒枴椏丅

摛椶丗偄傫偘傫乮姡憞摛乯丄偊傫偳偆媦傃偦偺懠偺摛椶丅戝摛媦傃僫僢僣椶傪彍偔丅

擏椶丗媿擏丄梤丒嶳梤擏丄撠擏丄壠偒傫擏媦傃偦偺懠偺怘擏丅偔偢擏傪娷傓丅

擕惢昳丗僶僞乕傪彍偔丅

嫑夘椶丗峛妅椶丄擃懱摦暔側偳傪娷傓丅

乲弌揟乴 OECD, OECD. Stat, Social Protection and Well-being, Time Use丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 恖乆偑擔乆偺妶摦偵偳偺傛偆偵帪娫傪妱傝摉偰偰偄傞偐偵偮偄偰丄24帪娫乮1,440暘乯偱婰榐偟偨傕偺丅 悇寁偺惛搙偲曽朄偼崙偵傛偭偰堎側傞丅

桳彏楯摥丗桳媼偺巇帠丄媮怑妶摦丄捠嬑丒捠妛丄庼嬈傊偺弌惾丄尋媶丒廻戣側偳丅

柍彏楯摥丗擔忢偺壠帠丄攦偄暔丄悽懷堳偺働傾丄旕悽懷堳偺働傾丄儃儔儞僥傿傾妶摦丄壠帠妶摦偵娭楢偡傞堏摦側偳丅

僷乕僜僫儖働傾丗惗棟揑偵昁梫側妶摦乮悋柊丄怘帠丄媥懅側偳乯丄屄恖丒壠懓偺寬峃娗棟丄惛恄揑丒廆嫵揑働傾偵娭偡傞屄恖揑働傾妶摦偵娭楢偡傞堏摦丄傔偄憐側偳丅

梋壣丗幮岎丄暥壔丒屸妝丒僗億乕僣僀儀儞僩傊偺嶲壛丄庯枴側偳丅

偦偺懠丗惛恄揑丒廆嫵揑妶摦丄巗柉偺媊柋丄晄摿掕偺妶摦丅

乲弌揟乴 OECD, OECD. Stat, Social Protection and Well-being, Social Protection丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 強摼嵞攝暘婡擻傪帩偪丄惌嶔暘栰乮崅楊丄堚懓丄忈奞丒嬈柋嵭奞丒彎昦丄曐寬丄壠懓丄愊嬌揑楯摥巗応惌嶔丄幐嬈丄廧戭丄懠偺惌嶔暘栰乯偺偄偢傟偐偵奩摉偟丄帒嬥娗棟偑惌晎丄幮夛曐忈婎嬥枖偼旕惌晎婡娭偱偁傞巟弌丅

儁乕僕偺愭摢傊栠傞

栚師傊栠傞

乲弌揟乴 UNESCO Institute for Statistics, UIS. Stat丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 崙丒岞丒巹棫妛峑偺崌寁丅尨懃偲偟偰妛峑傗偦偺懠偺嫵堢婡娭偺峴惌婰榐偵婎偯偔偑丄UNESCO Institute for Statistics乮UIS乯側偳偵傛傞悇寁抣偺応崌傕偁傞丅妛峑嫵堢偺惂搙媦傃擭尷偼崙偵傛傝堎側傞丅

嫵堳丗摿掕偺崙偵偍偄偰摿掕偺嫵堢悈弨偱巜摫偡傞偨傔偵昁梫側嵟掅尷偺妛楌傪桳偡傞幰丅僷乕僩僞僀儉嫵堳偼僼儖僞僀儉姺嶼偝傟偰偄傞丅傑偨丄2岎戙惂偺嫵堳偼2恖偲偟偰埖傢傟偰偄傞丅

弶摍嫵堢丗堦斒揑偵偼5丒6丒7嵨偐傜巒傑傝丄6擭娫偺婎慴揑側嫵堢傪梌偊傞僾儘僌儔儉丅

慜婜拞摍嫵堢丗暆峀偄婎慴揑側妛廗嫵壢丄愱栧揑側妛廗偺慜抜奒偲偟偰峔惉偝傟傞丅

屻婜拞摍嫵堢丗慜婜拞摍嫵堢傛傝峏偵愱栧壔偝傟偨妛廗嫵壢偱峔惉偝傟傞丅

乲弌揟乴 OECD, OECD. Stat, Education and Training, Education at a Glance丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭9寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲弌揟乴 UNESCO Institute for Statistics, UIS. Stat丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

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乲弌揟乴 OECD, OECD. Stat, Education and Training, Education at a Glance丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 奺嫵堢抜奒暿偵丄岞嵿惌嫵堢巟弌媦傃巹旓晧扴嫵堢旓偺崌寁傪嵼妛幰悢乮僼儖僞僀儉姺嶼乯偱彍偟偨傕偺丅

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崅摍嫵堢丗戝妛丄愱栧妛峑側偳偵偍偗傞丄崅搙偐偮愱栧揑偵妛傇僾儘僌儔儉丅妛栤揑側暘栰偺傒側傜偢丄怑嬈揑側暘栰傕娷傓丅

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乲弌揟乴 UNESCO Institute for Statistics, UIS. Stat丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 15嵨埲忋恖岥偵懳偡傞幆帤乮撉傒彂偒偑偱偒傞乯恖岥偺妱崌丅僨乕僞偼庡偵奺崙偑幚巤偟偨恖岥僙儞僒僗側偳偵婎偯偔偑丄UIS側偳偵傛傞悇寁抣偺応崌傕偁傞丅乽幆帤乿偺掕媊偼崙偵傛傝堎側傞丅

乲弌揟乴 OECD, PISA Database 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

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撉夝椡丗帺傜偺栚昗傪払惉偟丄帺傜偺抦幆偲壜擻惈傪敪払偝偣丄幮夛偵嶲壛偡傞偨傔偵丄僥僉僗僩傪棟夝偟丄棙梡偟丄昡壙偟丄弉峫偟丄偙傟偵庢傝慻傓偙偲丅

悢妛揑儕僥儔僔乕丗條乆側暥柆偺拞偱悢妛揑偵掕幃壔偟丄悢妛傪妶梡偟丄夝庍偡傞屄恖偺擻椡丅悢妛揑偵悇榑偡傞偙偲傗丄悢妛揑側奣擮丒庤弴丒帠幚丒僣乕儖傪巊偭偰帠徾傪婰弎偟丄愢柧偟丄梊應偡傞偙偲傪娷傓丅

壢妛揑儕僥儔僔乕丗壢妛揑側峫偊傪帩偪丄壢妛偵娭楢偡傞彅栤戣偵娭梌偡傞擻椡偲偟偰丄乽尰徾傪壢妛揑偵愢柧偡傞乿偙偲丄乽壢妛揑扵媶傪昡壙偟偰寁夋偡傞乿偙偲丄乽僨乕僞偲徹嫆傪壢妛揑偵夝庍偡傞乿偙偲丅

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IPTV宊栺悢丗僀儞僞乕僱僢僩僾儘僩僐儖僥儗價乮IP僱僢僩儚乕僋傪梡偄偰採嫙偝傟傞僥儗價乯偺宊栺悢丅僗僩儕乕儈儞僌攝怣偺價僨僆丄僱僢僩攝怣摦夋傪彍偔丅

儁乕僕偺愭摢傊栠傞

栚師傊栠傞

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乲夝愢乴 恖堊揑偵攔弌偝傟偨棸墿巁壔暔丄拏慺巁壔暔丄堦巁壔扽慺媦傃旕儊僞儞扽壔悈慺偺攔弌検丅掕媊丄應掕朄偼崙偵傛傝堎側傞丅

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乲夝愢乴 堏摦敪惗尮丗帺摦幵丄慏敃丄峲嬻婡側偳丅

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乲夝愢乴 恖堊揑偵攔弌偝傟偨擇巁壔扽慺丄儊僞儞丄堦巁壔擇拏慺丄僴僀僪儘僼儖僆儘僇乕儃儞丄僷乕僼儖僆儘僇乕儃儞丄榋傆偭壔棸墿媦傃嶰傆偭壔拏慺偺検丅

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乲弌揟乴 OECD, OECD. Stat, Environment, Water 2018擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 奺屛徖偵偍偗傞儕儞媦傃拏慺偺擹搙偺擭暯嬒抣丅崙媦傃挷嵏擭偵傛傝應掕曽朄偑堎側傞丅

慡儕儞丗悈拞偵懚嵼偡傞柍婡媦傃桳婡儕儞壔崌暔拞偺儕儞偺憤検丅

慡拏慺丗悈拞偵懚嵼偡傞柍婡懺拏慺乮傾儞儌僯僂儉懺拏慺丄垷徤巁懺拏慺丄徤巁懺拏慺乯媦傃桳婡懺拏慺偺崌寁丅

乲弌揟乴 IUCN, IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Version 2022.2 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 愨柵庬丗愨柵庬乮婛偵愨柵偟偨偲峫偊傜傟傞庬乯媦傃栰惗愨柵庬乮栰惗偱偼愨柵偟偰偄傞偑丄帞堢丒嵧攟壓丄枖偼夁嫀偺暘晍堟奜偵屄懱乮屄懱孮乯偑婣壔偟偰惗懅偟偰偄傞忬懺偱偺傒惗懚偟偰偄傞庬乯丅

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乲弌揟乴 OECD, OECD. Stat, Environment, Water丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 岞嫟壓悈摴媦傃壓悈張棟巤愝傪棙梡偟偰偄傞恖岥偺妱崌丅壓悈張棟巤愝偵偍偗傞張棟曽朄丄懳徾抧堟側偳偼崙偵傛傝堎側傞丅

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乲弌揟乴 OECD, OECD. Stat, Environment, Waste丂丂亂嶲峫亃僨乕僞儀乕僗偺巊偄曽 2023擭10寧僟僂儞儘乕僪

乲夝愢乴 堦斒攑婞暔攔弌検丗抧曽帺帯懱乮抧曽帺帯懱偺埾擟傪庴偗偨傕偺傕娷傓丅乯媦傃柉娫偺堦斒攑婞暔張棟嬈幰偵傛傝廂廤偝傟偨攑婞暔偺廳検丅壠掚丄彜揦丄帠柋強丄妛峑丒昦堾丒惌晎婡娭偺巤愝偐傜偺攑婞暔偱丄偔偢媦傃慹戝偛傒傪娷傓丅攑婞暔偺掕媊偼崙偵傛傝堎側傞丅

儕僒僀僋儖棪丗奺崙撪徚旓検偵懳偟丄儕僒僀僋儖偡傞偨傔偵廂廤偝傟偨検偺斾棪丅岺応撪偱偺嵞巊梡媦傃擱椏偲偟偰偺嵞巊梡偼彍偔丅崙偵傛傝掕媊偑堎側傞丅

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