2024届高考英语复习:2023高考北京卷七选五 (题源+难度分析+文本结构+答案解析+词汇积累+长难句分析+全文翻译) 您所在的位置:网站首页 七选五太难了 2024届高考英语复习:2023高考北京卷七选五 (题源+难度分析+文本结构+答案解析+词汇积累+长难句分析+全文翻译)

2024届高考英语复习:2023高考北京卷七选五 (题源+难度分析+文本结构+答案解析+词汇积累+长难句分析+全文翻译)

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2023高考北京卷七选五 - 题源+难度分析+文本结构+答案解析+词汇积累+长难句分析+全文翻译It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. ____35____When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. ____36____Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding. ____38____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result? Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.____39____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.What should students and their families do They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower.A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.【题源】原文链接:https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2023/03/30/what-college-rankings-get-wrong-universities/11550436002/#:~:text=Emerging%20research%20suggests%20that%20courses%20in%20lower-ranked%20universities%2C,teaching%20toward%20other%20reputation-building%20factors%20such%20as%20marketing【难度】CEFR(欧标) B2.7 (雅思7.5);词汇B2; 句子复杂度C1【阅读分级指难针】【文本结构】段落 内容概述 关键细节第一段 排名系统在决定大学录取时被使用,但忽视了教学质量这一关键因素。 学生和家长在决定大学录取时通常会参考排名系统,但这些系统忽视了教学质量的重要性。第二段 最近的研究表明,低排名大学的课程在教学方面得分较高。大学通常将重点从教学转向其他排名因素。 一些研究发现,低排名大学的课程在教学方面得分较高,而高排名大学则更加关注其他排名因素。第三段 教学优秀与学生成功之间有着密切关联,但在大学排名中缺乏对教学的重视。 高质量的教学是多种大学结果的重要预测因素,但在排名中却被忽略。第四段 高等教育中低估教学的原因有多种,包括管理者不将教学优秀视为增加招生或筹款的途径。 大学管理者往往不认为教学优秀能够增加招生或筹款,因此在招聘和晋升中不高度重视教学。第五段 改善大学教学的努力最近开始出现,但要改变现状需要更多资源和更高的排名。 目前一些改善大学教学的努力已经开始,但要想真正改变现状,需要对教学进行更多的资源投入和高排名的认可。第六段 学生和家长应该重视重视教学的大学,即使这些学校的排名较低。 学生和家长应该考虑那些重视教学的大学,即使这些学校的排名较低。【词汇积累】词汇 词性 发音 中文释义stressful adjective / str sfl/ 有压力的ranking noun / r k / 排名critical factor noun phrase / kr t k l f kt r/ 关键因素undervalue verb / nd r v lju/ 低估emerging adjective / m d / 新兴的shift emphasis verb phrase / ft mf s s/ 转移重点predictor noun /pr d kt r/ 预测因素outcome noun / a tk m/ 结果enrolment noun / n ro lm nt/ 注册,登记instructor noun / n str kt r/ 教师,指导者traditional lectures noun phrase /tr d n l l kt rz/ 传统讲座effort noun / f rt/ 努力reward verb /r w rd/ 奖励consideration noun /k n s d re n/ 考虑【长难句分析】1 The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success.【句子分析】“given the link between high-quality teaching and student success”为介词短语作为原因状语。given意为“考虑到;鉴于”。【译文】考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系,排名中教学优秀性的缺失是令人惊讶的。2 Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.【句子分析】“why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education” 为why引导的定语从句,修饰先行词one reason.【译文】 然而,对高等教育中教学价值低估的原因,排名只是其中之一。【答案解析】第35题选D。此空应接着上文,承上启下。D选项“However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.”与上文的大学排名和下文的教学质量主题相对应,故选D。第36题选F。此空位于文章中部,应对上文进行总结,并对下文进行铺垫。F选项“They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.”刚好对上文中的“人们惊讶于排名中没有教学质量这个因素”进行了总结,并引出了下文要讨论的“大学对教学质量的低估值”,故选F。第37题选G。此空应总结前文,并对下文进行铺垫。上文提到了低排名大学的教学质量反而更高,此处应该引出一个对此的解释。G选项“In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.”对此提供了解释,故选G。第38题选B。此空位于段首,应承接上文,引出下文。上文谈到了大学对教学质量的低估值,那么此处应该是关于这个低估值的具体表现或者原因。B选项“Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.” 提到了对教学质量低估值的具体表现,故选B。第39题选E。此空位于段首,应承接上文,引出下文。上文讨论了大学教师的工资与他们在教学上花费的时间成反比,说明教学情况不佳,那么此处应当是对教学改进的提议或者已有的一些努力。E选项“Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.”刚好提到了已经出现的改善大学教学的努力。此外,根据“Nevertheless”可知,空处内容和下文内容存在转折关系。选项C“Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.(高质量的教学一直是建立声誉的重要因素。)”强调了高质量教学的重要性,但上文没有提及,衔接度不够紧密,而下文则指出了高质量教学的难处。故选E更加恰当。【文本翻译】在美国,每年的这个时候对于学生和他们的家庭来说都是充满喜悦和压力的,因为他们需要做出哪所大学就读的决定。家庭通常会借助排名系统来帮助做出决定。然而,排名却忽视了一个关键因素:教学质量。作为一个高等教育的研究者,当我与家庭进行交谈时,他们常常对教学优秀性不被计入排名感到惊讶。他们对大学对教学的低估更感到惊讶。新近的研究表明,相较于高排名大学的课程,低排名大学的课程在教学上的平均得分更高。事实上,大学往往将重点从教学转移到其他排名因素。考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系,排名中教学优秀性的缺失是令人惊讶的。优质的教学是大学各项结果最重要的预测指标之一。然而,对高等教育中教学价值低估的原因,排名只是其中之一。管理者通常不把教学优秀性视为增加注册或资金的方式。因此,它在招聘或晋升中并不被高度重视。研究表明,教师在教学上花费的时间越多,他们的薪水就越低。结果是什么呢?许多教师仍然继续使用传统的讲座教学,这导致成功率较低。改进大学级别教学的努力最近已经开始。然而,除非那些教学质量高的学校得到更多的资源、更高的排名和更多的注册,否则情况不会有太大的变化。从长远来看,大学、对学校进行排名的组织以及其他人应该共同努力,使教学成为重要的、核心的使命部分。那么,学生和他们的家庭应该怎么做呢?他们应该给予那些重视高质量教学的大学更多的考虑,尽管这些学校可能排名较低。

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