十一、C语言创建桌面程序：单选按钮、复选框和分组框控件

2024-07-09 23:25| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

一、创建按钮

单选按钮和复选框都是一种特殊的按钮，窗口类名称都是button，只不过增加了一些特殊的窗口样式罢了。单选按钮的样式为BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON，复选框的样式为BS_AUTOCHECKBOX。例如：

//创建一个单选按钮 CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("单选按钮"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON/*单选按钮*/, 235, 40, 100, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)7, hInst, NULL ); //创建一个复选框 CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("复选框"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX/*复选框*/, 95, 70, 50, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)9, hInst, NULL );

单选按钮一般是分组的，一组单选按钮之间是互斥的，只能选择其中一个。一个窗口可以包含多组单选按钮。要想为单选按钮分组，可以增加WS_GROUP样式。设置了 WS_GROUP 样式的单选框为一组中的首元素，随后的所有单选按钮都和它在同一组，直到下一个设置了 WS_GROUP 样式的单选按钮。

示例

//窗口过程 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){ PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc; static HFONT hFont; //逻辑字体 //一组单选按钮 static HWND labSex; //静态文本框--性别 static HWND radioMale; //单选按钮--男 static HWND radioFemale; //单选按钮--女 //一组单选按钮 static HWND labMarriage; //静态文本框--婚姻状况 static HWND radioMarried; //单选按钮--已婚 static HWND radioSingle; //单选按钮--未婚 static HWND radioSecrecy; //单选按钮--保密 //一组复选框 static HWND labPet; //静态文本框--你的宠物 static HWND checkboxDog; //复选框--狗 static HWND checkboxCat; //复选框--猫 static HWND checkboxFish; //复选框--鱼 static HWND checkboxOther; //复选框--其他 switch (message){ case WM_CREATE: hFont = CreateFont( -14, -7, 0, 0, 400, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE,DEFAULT_CHARSET, OUT_CHARACTER_PRECIS, CLIP_CHARACTER_PRECIS, DEFAULT_QUALITY, FF_DONTCARE, TEXT("微软雅黑") ); //选择性别 labSex = CreateWindow( TEXT("static"), TEXT("你的性别："), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTERIMAGE | SS_RIGHT/*文字居右*/, 10, 10, 80, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)1, hInst, NULL ); radioMale = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("男"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT/*文字居左*/ | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON /*单选按钮*/ | WS_GROUP, 95, 10, 50, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)2, hInst, NULL ); radioFemale = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("女"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON, 150, 10, 50, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)2, hInst, NULL ); //选择婚姻状况 labMarriage = CreateWindow( TEXT("static"), TEXT("婚姻状况："), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTERIMAGE | SS_RIGHT, 10, 40, 80, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)4, hInst, NULL ); radioMarried = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("已婚"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON | WS_GROUP, 95, 40, 65, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)5, hInst, NULL ); radioSingle = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("未婚"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON, 165, 40, 65, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)6, hInst, NULL ); radioSecrecy = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("保密"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON, 235, 40, 100, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)7, hInst, NULL ); //你的宠物 labPet = CreateWindow( TEXT("static"), TEXT("你的宠物："), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTERIMAGE | SS_RIGHT, 10, 70, 80, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)8, hInst, NULL ); checkboxDog = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("狗"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX/*复选框*/, 95, 70, 50, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)9, hInst, NULL ); checkboxCat = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("猫"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX, 150, 70, 50, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)10, hInst, NULL ); checkboxFish = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("鱼"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX, 205, 70, 50, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)11, hInst, NULL ); checkboxOther = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("其他"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX, 260, 70, 65, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)11, hInst, NULL ); SendMessage(labSex, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(radioMale, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(radioFemale, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(labMarriage, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(radioMarried, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(radioSingle, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(radioSecrecy, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(labPet, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(checkboxDog, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(checkboxCat, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(checkboxFish, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(checkboxOther, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); break; case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps); // TODO: 在此添加任意绘图代码... EndPaint(hWnd, &ps); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } return 0; }

在这里插入图片描述

二、分组框控件

使用分组框控件（GroupBox）可以对单选按钮、复选框进行更好的分组在这里插入图片描述

分组框控件也是一种特殊的按钮，它的样式为BS_GROUPBOX(需要注意的是：单选按钮的父窗口为分组框控件 hGroupSex，而不是顶级窗口 hWnd。)，例如：

//创建分组框控件 hGroupSex = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("你的性别"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_GROUPBOX, 20, 20, 300, 70, hWnd, (HMENU)1, hInst, NULL ); //接下来添加单选按钮 hRadioMale = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("男"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON /*单选按钮*/, 15, 30, 50, 26, hGroupSex /*父窗口为 GroupBox 控件*/, (HMENU)2, hInst, NULL ); hRadioFemale = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("女"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON, 80, 30, 50, 26, hGroupSex, (HMENU)3, hInst, NULL ); 三、判断单选按钮和复选框是否被选中

在Windows中不能一次性获得一组按钮的选中状态，只能一个一个地遍历。复选框也是如此。可以通过SendMessage函数发送BM_GETCHECK消息来获取按钮的选中状态，返回 BST_CHECKED 表示按钮被选中，返回 BST_UNCHECKED 是未被选中。

SendMessage 原型为：

// 发送 BM_GETCHECK 消息时，wParam 和 lParam 两个参数必须都为 0。 LRESULT WINAPI SendMessage( HWND hWnd, //窗口（控件）句柄 UINT Msg, //消息类型 WPARAM wParam, //附加消息1 LPARAM lParam //附加消息2 );

下面的代码会判断一个按钮是否被选中。如果被选中，那么会获取按钮文本并保存到缓冲区：

if( SendMessage(hCheckBox, BM_GETCHECK, 0, 0) == BST_CHECKED ){ GetWindowText(hCheckBox, szBuffer, 10); }

示例代码

#include LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); HINSTANCE hInst; int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow ){ static TCHAR szClassName[] = TEXT("Win32Demo"); HWND hwnd; MSG msg; WNDCLASS wndclass; hInst = hInstance; wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0; wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0; wndclass.hInstance = hInstance; wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW); wndclass.hbrBackground= (HBRUSH) GetSysColorBrush(COLOR_BTNFACE); wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ; wndclass.lpszClassName= szClassName; RegisterClass(&wndclass); hwnd = CreateWindow( szClassName, TEXT("Welcome"), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 800, 500, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL ); //��ʾ�� ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow); UpdateWindow (hwnd); while( GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0) ){ TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage (&msg); } return msg.wParam; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){ int wmId, wmEvent; PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc; static TCHAR szBufSex[10]; static TCHAR szBufMarriage[10]; static TCHAR szBufPet[20]; static TCHAR szBufSubmit[100]; static TCHAR szBufTmp[10]; static HFONT hFont; static HWND labSex; static HWND radioMale; static HWND radioFemale; static HWND labMarriage; static HWND radioMarried; static HWND radioSingle; static HWND radioSecrecy; static HWND labPet; static HWND checkboxDog; static HWND checkboxCat; static HWND checkboxFish; static HWND checkboxOther; static HWND btnSubmit; switch (message){ case WM_CREATE: hFont = CreateFont( -14, -7, 0, 0, 400, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE,DEFAULT_CHARSET, OUT_CHARACTER_PRECIS, CLIP_CHARACTER_PRECIS, DEFAULT_QUALITY, FF_DONTCARE, TEXT("xxx") ); //ѡ��Ա� labSex = CreateWindow( TEXT("static"), TEXT("你的性别："), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTERIMAGE | SS_RIGHT, 10, 10, 80, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)1, hInst, NULL ); radioMale = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("男"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT| BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON | WS_GROUP, 95, 10, 50, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)2, hInst, NULL ); radioFemale = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("女"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON, 150, 10, 50, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)2, hInst, NULL ); //ѡ��״�� labMarriage = CreateWindow( TEXT("static"), TEXT("婚姻状况："), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTERIMAGE | SS_RIGHT, 10, 40, 80, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)4, hInst, NULL ); radioMarried = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("已婚"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON | WS_GROUP, 95, 40, 65, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)5, hInst, NULL ); radioSingle = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("未婚"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON, 165, 40, 65, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)6, hInst, NULL ); radioSecrecy = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("保密"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON, 235, 40, 100, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)7, hInst, NULL ); labPet = CreateWindow( TEXT("static"), TEXT("你的宠物:"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTERIMAGE | SS_RIGHT, 10, 70, 80, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)8, hInst, NULL ); checkboxDog = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("狗"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX, 95, 70, 50, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)9, hInst, NULL ); checkboxCat = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("猫"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX, 150, 70, 50, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)10, hInst, NULL ); checkboxFish = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("鼠"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX, 205, 70, 50, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)11, hInst, NULL ); checkboxOther = CreateWindow( TEXT("button"), TEXT("其他"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX, 260, 70, 65, 26, hWnd, (HMENU)12, hInst, NULL ); btnSubmit = CreateWindow(TEXT("button"), TEXT("提交"), WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | BS_FLAT, 95, 110, 200, 36, hWnd, (HMENU)13, hInst, NULL ); SendMessage(labSex, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(radioMale, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(radioFemale, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(labMarriage, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(radioMarried, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(radioSingle, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(radioSecrecy, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(labPet, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(checkboxDog, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(checkboxCat, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(checkboxFish, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(checkboxOther, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); SendMessage(btnSubmit, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL); break; case WM_COMMAND: wmId = LOWORD(wParam); wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam); if( wmEvent== BN_CLICKED){ switch (wmId){ case 2: case 3: GetWindowText((HWND)lParam, szBufSex, 10); break; case 5: case 6: case 7: GetWindowText((HWND)lParam, szBufMarriage, 10); break; case 9: case 10: case 11: case 12: memset(szBufPet, 0, sizeof(szBufPet)); if( SendMessage(checkboxDog, BM_GETCHECK, 0, 0) == BST_CHECKED ){ GetWindowText(checkboxDog, szBufTmp, 10); wsprintf(szBufPet, TEXT("%s %s"), szBufPet, szBufTmp); } if( SendMessage(checkboxCat, BM_GETCHECK, 0, 0) == BST_CHECKED ){ GetWindowText(checkboxCat, szBufTmp, 10); wsprintf(szBufPet, TEXT("%s %s"), szBufPet, szBufTmp); } //�Ƿ�ѡ�� if( SendMessage(checkboxFish, BM_GETCHECK, 0, 0) == BST_CHECKED ){ GetWindowText(checkboxFish, szBufTmp, 10); wsprintf(szBufPet, TEXT("%s %s"), szBufPet, szBufTmp); } //�Ƿ�ѡ�� if( SendMessage(checkboxOther, BM_GETCHECK, 0, 0) == BST_CHECKED ){ GetWindowText(checkboxOther, szBufTmp, 10); wsprintf(szBufPet, TEXT("%s %s"), szBufPet, szBufTmp); } break; case 13: wsprintf(szBufSubmit, TEXT("你的性别：%s\n婚姻状况：%s\r\n你的宠物：%s"), szBufSex, szBufMarriage, szBufPet); MessageBox(hWnd, szBufSubmit, TEXT("信息提示"), MB_ICONINFORMATION); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } } return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); case WM_DESTROY: DeleteObject(hFont); PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } return 0; }

【本文地址】

公司简介

联系我们

十 一、C语言创建桌面程序：单选按钮、复选框和分组框控件

十一、C语言创建桌面程序：单选按钮、复选框和分组框控件