网络服务（5）

2024-07-18 07:08| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

参考链接： https://www.go2aaron.com/blog/index.php/archives/28/ https://superuser.com/questions/1000570/why-eth0-is-renamed-to-enx78e7d1ea46da-after-upgrade https://tinkerboarding.co.uk/forum/thread-990.html usb网卡命名

在RK3399 Ubuntu系统上使用usb转百兆网卡ASIX AX88772B，因为udev规则配置的原因，出现了usb网卡名称的困扰，我的usb网卡的名称变成了enx000ec6877201，而不是传统的ethX：

forlinx@forlinx:~$ ifconfig enx000ec6877201: flags=4099 mtu 1500 ether 00:0e:c6:87:72:01 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 eth0: flags=4099 mtu 1500 ether 9a:0b:9d:ed:7f:96 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 4 bytes 600 (600.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 device interrupt 24

仔细看这个网卡名称是由enx+mac地址拼接而成的。网络接口名称规则有以下几种：

1. 包含固件/BIOS 的名称为板载设备提供索引号（例如：eno1） 2. 包含固件/BIOS 提供的 PCI Express 热插拔插槽索引号的名称（例如：ens1） 3. 包含硬件连接器物理/地理位置的名称（例如：enp2s0） 4. 包含接口 MAC 地址的名称（例如：enx78e7d1ea46da） 5. 经典的、不可预测的内核原生 ethX 命名（例如：eth0）

查看打印信息，我们发现usb网卡被重命名了：

forlinx@forlinx:~$ dmesg | grep asix [ 1.366431] usbcore: registered new interface driver asix [ 4.686485] asix 5-1:1.0 eth1: register 'asix' at usb-xhci-hcd.10.auto-1, ASIX AX88772B USB 2.0 Ethernet, 00:0e:c6:87:72:01 [ 4.784644] asix 5-1:1.0 enx000ec6877201: renamed from eth1

通过查找，我们发现是udev的某个规则文件按照规则4，对usb网卡的命名进行了设置

/lib/udev/rules.d/73-usb-net-by-mac.rules # Use MAC based names for network interfaces which are directly or indirectly # on USB and have an universally administered (stable) MAC address (second bit # is 0). Don't do this when ifnames is disabled via kernel command line or # customizing/disabling 99-default.link (or previously 80-net-setup-link.rules). IMPORT{cmdline}="net.ifnames" ENV{net.ifnames}=="0", GOTO="usb_net_by_mac_end" ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="net", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", NAME=="", \ ATTR{address}=="?[014589cd]:*", \ TEST!="/etc/udev/rules.d/80-net-setup-link.rules", \ TEST!="/etc/systemd/network/99-default.link", \ IMPORT{builtin}="net_id", NAME="$env{ID_NET_NAME_MAC}" # Some Dell BIOS perform "MAC passthrough" which forces the same MAC address # for the onboard nic and the in-dock nic, which obviously prevents naming # the interfaces by mac. Since those nics are usb, we have to prevent trying # to rename both of them to the same name. This sets a value that will # cause udevd to skip its repeated attempts at renaming the interface if the # first rename attempt fails. ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="net", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", \ ATTR{[dmi/id]sys_vendor}=="Dell Inc.", \ ATTRS{idVendor}=="0bda", ATTRS{idProduct}=="8153", \ ENV{DELL_MAC_PASSTHROUGH}="1" LABEL="usb_net_by_mac_end"

在系统缺失"/etc/udev/rules.d/80-net-setup-link.rules"和"/etc/systemd/network/99-default.link"这两个文件时，usb网卡就会被重命名。我们尝试创建99-default.link，未添加规则，只是个空文件，usb网卡名称就变回来了：

forlinx@forlinx:~$ ifconfig eth0: flags=4099 mtu 1500 ether 9a:0b:9d:ed:7f:96 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 device interrupt 24 eth1: flags=4099 mtu 1500 ether 00:0e:c6:87:72:01 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 相关内容网络配置

RK3399 Ubuntu系统网络使用NetworkManager进行管理，开发板默认千兆以太网的配置保存在如下路径中：

/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/

配置文件的生成可以通过NetworkManager任务栏图标进行更改，内容类似如下：

[connection] id=eth0 uuid=1c27ec71-91e9-37ad-9cee-ff94afa20c4c type=ethernet autoconnect-priority=-999 permissions= timestamp=1623739551 [ethernet] mac-address=9A:0B:9D:ED:7F:96 mac-address-blacklist= [ipv4] dns-search= method=auto [ipv6] addr-gen-mode=stable-privacy dns-search= ip6-privacy=0 method=auto 网络名称更改 /etc/systemd/network/99-default.link [Match] MACAddress=00:0E:C6:87:72:01 [Link] Name=eth1 /lib/udev/rules.d/ forlinx@forlinx:~$ vi /lib/udev/rules.d/ 39-usbmuxd.rules 40-usb_modeswitch.rules 40-vm-hotadd.rules 50-apport.rules 50-firmware.rules 50-udev-default.rules 55-dm.rules 55-ippusbxd.rules 60-block.rules 60-cdrom_id.rules 60-crda.rules 60-drm.rules 60-evdev.rules 60-input-id.rules 60-libgphoto2-6.rules 60-libsane1.rules 60-persistent-alsa.rules 60-persistent-input.rules 60-persistent-storage-dm.rules 60-persistent-storage-tape.rules 60-persistent-storage.rules 60-persistent-v4l.rules 60-sensor.rules 60-serial.rules 60-triggerhappy.rules 61-gnome-settings-daemon-rfkill.rules 61-persistent-storage-android.rules 64-btrfs.rules 64-xorg-xkb.rules 65-libwacom.rules 69-cd-sensors.rules 69-libmtp.rules 70-96boards-common.rules 70-joystick.rules 70-mouse.rules 70-power-switch.rules 70-printers.rules 70-touchpad.rules 70-uaccess.rules 71-power-switch-proliant.rules 71-seat.rules 73-seat-late.rules 73-special-net-names.rules 73-usb-net-by-mac.rules 75-net-description.rules 75-probe_mtd.rules 77-mm-cinterion-port-types.rules 77-mm-dell-port-types.rules 77-mm-ericsson-mbm.rules 77-mm-fibocom-port-types.rules 77-mm-haier-port-types.rules 77-mm-huawei-net-port-types.rules 77-mm-longcheer-port-types.rules 77-mm-mtk-port-types.rules 77-mm-nokia-port-types.rules 77-mm-pcmcia-device-blacklist.rules 77-mm-qdl-device-blacklist.rules 77-mm-sierra.rules 77-mm-simtech-port-types.rules 77-mm-telit-port-types.rules 77-mm-ublox-port-types.rules 77-mm-usb-device-blacklist.rules 77-mm-usb-serial-adapters-greylist.rules 77-mm-x22x-port-types.rules 77-mm-zte-port-types.rules 78-graphics-card.rules 78-sound-card.rules 80-debian-compat.rules 80-drivers.rules 80-iio-sensor-proxy.rules 80-libinput-device-groups.rules 80-mm-candidate.rules 80-net-setup-link.rules 80-udisks2.rules 84-nm-drivers.rules 85-hdparm.rules 85-nm-unmanaged.rules 85-regulatory.rules 90-alsa-restore.rules 90-console-setup.rules 90-libinput-model-quirks.rules 90-pulseaudio.rules 95-cd-devices.rules 95-dm-notify.rules 95-upower-csr.rules 95-upower-hid.rules 95-upower-wup.rules 97-hid2hci.rules 99-systemd.rules

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