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Unity3D的几种坐标系
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World Space（世界坐标）：我们在场景中添加物体（如：Cube），他们都是以世界坐标显示在场景中的。transform.position可以获得该位置坐标。
Screen Space（屏幕坐标，鼠标坐标）:以像素来定义的，以屏幕的左下角为（0，0）点，右上角为（Screen.width，Screen.height），Z的位置是以相机的世界单位来衡量的。注：鼠标位置坐标属于屏幕坐标，Input.mousePosition可以获得该位置坐标，手指触摸屏幕也为屏幕坐标，Input.GetTouch(0).position可以获得单个手指触摸屏幕坐标。 ViewPort Space（视口坐标）:视口坐标是标准的和相对于相机的。相机的左下角为（0，0）点，右上角为（1，1）点，Z的位置是以相机的世界单位来衡量的。（用的不多，反正我暂时没有用到~呵呵~） 绘制GUI界面的坐标系：这个坐标系与屏幕坐标系相似，不同的是该坐标系以屏幕的左上角为（0，0）点，右下角为（Screen.width，Screen.height）。 LineRender坐标：以屏幕中心为原点，向上向右增加。世界坐标→屏幕坐标：camera.WorldToScreenPoint(transform.position);这样可以将世界坐标转换为屏幕坐标。其中camera为场景中的camera对象。 屏幕坐标→视口坐标：camera.ScreenToViewportPoint(Input.GetTouch(0).position);这样可以将屏幕坐标转换为视口坐标。其中camera为场景中的camera对象。 视口坐标→屏幕坐标：camera.ViewportToScreenPoint(); 视口坐标→世界坐标：camera.ViewportToWorldPoint();案例1——在鼠标点击的位置上绘制一张图片出来（关于绘制GUI界面坐标系与屏幕坐标系之间的关系）。 using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class ScreenToGUI : MonoBehaviour { // Use this for initialization void Start () { } // Update is called once per frame void Update () { } //图片 public Texture img; //储存鼠标的位置坐标 private Vector2 pos; void OnGUI() { //鼠标左击，获取当前鼠标的位置 if (Input.GetMouseButton(0)) { pos = Input.mousePosition; //屏幕坐标 } //绘制图片，屏幕坐标和GUI界面坐标只在Y轴上方向相反，只要被Screen.height减就可以互相转换。 GUI.DrawTexture(new Rect(pos.x, Screen.height - pos.y, 100, 100), img); } }
案例2——角色头顶的名字（世界坐标转GUI界面坐标） 先世界坐标转屏幕坐标，再屏幕坐标转GUI界面坐标 代码如下： using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class Blood : MonoBehaviour { public static float ScaleWidht = 0f; public static float ScaleHeight = 0f; private Rect _drawRect = new Rect(); public float Width = 0f; public float Height = 10f; public const float DesignStageWidth = 800; public const float DesignStageHeight = 480; public Vector2 pos2; public float size_z; // Use this for initialization void Start () { ScaleWidht = Screen.width / DesignStageWidth; ScaleHeight = Screen.height / DesignStageHeight; Height = 2f; size_z = transform.gameObject.collider.bounds.size.z; } // Update is called once per frame void Update () { //世界坐标转换到屏幕坐标 print(transform.forward); pos2 = Camera.main.WorldToScreenPoint(transform.position + transform.forward * (size_z / 2)); //计算角色头顶坐标 pos2 = new Vector2(pos2.x, Screen.height - pos2.y - Height); //Vector3 worldPosition = new Vector3(transform.position.x, transform.position.y + Height, transform.position.z); //worldPosition = Camera.mainCamera.WorldToScreenPoint(worldPosition); //_drawRect = new Rect((worldPosition.x - 100 * ScaleWidht) / ScaleWidht, (Screen.height - worldPosition.y - 50 * ScaleHeight) / ScaleHeight, 200, 50); } void OnGUI() { //GUILayout.BeginArea(_drawRect); // GUILayout.Label("======哈哈======"); //GUILayout.EndArea(); GUI.Label(new Rect(pos2.x, pos2.y, 100, 50), "=BETTER="); } }
案例3——类似屏幕解锁功能的实现（屏幕坐标转换为世界坐标） 首先是创建LineRenderer。GameObject -> Create Empty ->更名为“LineRendererObj”， 给LineRendererObj添加“Line Renderer”组件，Component ->Effects ->Line Renderer; 将它的Positions 的size 设置为0
接下来是代码touch.CS： using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; public class touch : MonoBehaviour { private Event e; public Texture2D Point; public Color c1 = Color.yellow; public Color c2 = Color.red; public int lengthOfLineRenderer; public GameObject LineRendererPrefab; private LineRenderer lineRenderer; /// /// 保存创建的Line Renderer /// private List lineRendArray =new List(); private Vector3 screenPoint; private Vector3 scanPos; private Color[] color; /// /// 记录宫格所在GUI位置 /// public List AreaRect = new List(); /// /// 记录宫格中心点 /// public List CenterPointList = new List(); /// /// 宫格标签 /// public int RectFlag; /// /// 记录正确的滑动顺序 /// public List KeyOrder = new List(); /// /// 记录玩家滑动顺序 /// public List PlayerKeyOrder = new List(); /// /// 判断开始鼠标位置是否可画 /// public bool CheckStartRect=false; /// /// 判断结束鼠标位置是否可画 /// public bool CheckEndRect = false; /// /// 行数 /// public int Row = 4; /// /// 列数 /// public int Column = 4; void Start() { e = Event.current; scanPos = LineRendererPrefab.transform.position; lineRenderer = (LineRenderer)LineRendererPrefab.GetComponent("LineRenderer"); lineRenderer.material = new Material(Shader.Find("Particles/Additive")); lengthOfLineRenderer = 0; lineRenderer.SetColors(c1, c2); lineRenderer.SetWidth(0.7F, 0.7F); lineRenderer.SetVertexCount(0); color = new Color[8]; color[0] = Color.yellow; color[1] = Color.blue; color[2] = Color.cyan; color[3] = Color.gray; color[4] = Color.green; color[5] = Color.grey; color[6] = Color.magenta; color[7] = Color.red; for (int RowCount = 0; RowCount < Row; RowCount++) { for (int columnCount = 0; columnCount < Column; columnCount++) { Rect IconRect = new Rect(columnCount * Screen.width / Column + Screen.width / Column / 2 - Point.width / 2, RowCount * Screen.height / Row + Screen.height / Row / 2 - Point.height / 2, Point.width, Point.height); AreaRect.Add(IconRect); Vector2 CenterP = IconRect.center;//得到每个的中心点 CenterPointList.Add(CenterP); } } } void OnGUI() { e = Event.current; for (int RowCount = 0; RowCount < Row; RowCount++) { for (int columnCount = 0; columnCount < Column; columnCount++) { Rect IconRect = new Rect(columnCount * Screen.width / Column + Screen.width / Column / 2 - Point.width / 2, RowCount * Screen.height / Row + Screen.height / Row / 2 - Point.height / 2, Point.width, Point.height); GUI.Label(IconRect, Point); } } } void Update() { if (e != null) { if (e.type == EventType.MouseDown) { for (int i = 0; i < AreaRect.Count; i++) { if (AreaRect[i].Contains(new Vector3(Input.mousePosition.x, Screen.height - Input.mousePosition.y, Input.mousePosition.z))) { CheckStartRect = true; print("Contains"); PlayerKeyOrder.Add(i); RectFlag = i; break; } else { CheckStartRect = false; } } if (CheckStartRect) { print("MouseDown_____"); //Vector3 curPosition = mousePToLineRendererP(); Vector3 curPosition = centerPToLineRendererP(RectFlag); GameObject newObj; newObj = (GameObject)Instantiate(LineRendererPrefab, LineRendererPrefab.transform.position, LineRendererPrefab.transform.rotation); lineRenderer = (LineRenderer)newObj.GetComponent("LineRenderer"); int n = Random.Range(1, 8); c1 = color[n - 1]; n = Random.Range(1, 8); c2 = color[n - 1]; lineRenderer.SetColors(c1, c2); lineRenderer.SetVertexCount(1); lineRenderer.SetWidth(0.7F, 0.7F); lineRenderer.SetPosition(0, curPosition); lineRendArray.Add(lineRenderer); lengthOfLineRenderer++; } } if (e.type == EventType.MouseDrag&&CheckStartRect) { print("MouseDrag_____"); Vector3 curPosition = mousePToLineRendererP(); DrawRenderLine(lineRendArray[lengthOfLineRenderer - 1], curPosition); } if (e.type == EventType.MouseUp && CheckStartRect) { for (int i = 0; i < AreaRect.Count; i++) { if (AreaRect[i].Contains(new Vector3(Input.mousePosition.x, Screen.height - Input.mousePosition.y, Input.mousePosition.z))) { CheckEndRect = true; PlayerKeyOrder.Add(i); RectFlag = i; print("EndContains"); break; } else { CheckEndRect = false; } } if (CheckEndRect) { Vector3 curPosition = centerPToLineRendererP(RectFlag); DrawRenderLine(lineRendArray[lengthOfLineRenderer - 1], curPosition); } else { PlayerKeyOrder.RemoveAt(PlayerKeyOrder.Count - 1); Destroy(lineRendArray[lengthOfLineRenderer - 1].gameObject); //lengthOfLineRenderer--; } } } } void DrawRenderLine(LineRenderer line, Vector3 vect3) { Vector3 newPos = vect3; line.SetVertexCount(2); line.SetPosition(1, newPos); print("new point: " + newPos); } //public Vector2 RectCenterPoint(Rect AreaRect) //计算一个Rect的中心点 //{ // Vector2 CenterPoint=Vector2.zero; // print("Rect:"+AreaRect); // CenterPoint.x=AreaRect.xMin+AreaRect.width/2; // CenterPoint.y=AreaRect.yMin+AreaRect.height/2; // print("CenterPoint:"+CenterPoint); // return CenterPoint; //} /// /// 鼠标所在位置转换为LineRenderer的位置 /// /// public Vector3 mousePToLineRendererP() { screenPoint = Camera.main.WorldToScreenPoint(scanPos); Vector3 curScreenPoint = new Vector3(Input.mousePosition.x, Input.mousePosition.y, screenPoint.z); Vector3 curPosition = Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint(curScreenPoint); print("curScreenPoint: " + curScreenPoint); print("curPosition: " + curPosition); return curPosition; } /// /// 鼠标所在区域的中心点转换为LineRenderer的位置 /// /// public Vector3 centerPToLineRendererP(int Flag) { screenPoint = Camera.main.WorldToScreenPoint(scanPos); Vector3 curScreenPoint = new Vector3(CenterPointList[Flag].x,Screen.height-CenterPointList[Flag].y,screenPoint.z); Vector3 curPosition = Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint(curScreenPoint); print("curScreenPoint: " + curScreenPoint); print("curPosition: " + curPosition); return curPosition; } }把touch.CS绑定在Camera上，设置如下：
运行后可以任意点间连线，如图：
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