refrain是什么意思

Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of students at Yale, made an impassioned appeal to her school's professors to refrain from take-home exams.

2017年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

They refrain from using politically sensitive terms.

出自-2016年12月阅读原文

Rather, it's better to let the learners wrestle (较劲）with the material on their own for a while, refraining from giving them any assistance at the start.

出自-2013年12月阅读原文

Shoppers refrained from buying cars, appliances, and other big-ticket items.

出自-2013年6月阅读原文

People refrained from buying durables and big-ticket items

出自-2013年6月阅读原文

California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest.

出自-2015年考研阅读原文

California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest.

2015年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump.

2017年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ