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最近做一个动作Demo时，觉得可以把常用的基本战斗功能整合成一个组件。于是就开始整理。 下文链接 源码链接： 提取码：1234 状态管理对于整体的战斗系统，首先需要一个统一的状态管理。基于插件的通用性，我们可以把相关状态分为以下几类 Idle ：不解释Attack：攻击状态Defense：防御状态Dodge：闪避状态SuperArmor：霸体状态BPHit：受击状态每个状态的具体转换关系如下，其中不同条件的触发机制差别很大。比如有些条件是蒙太奇动画结束，有些是动画通知或者用户输入，这些都要一一处理。  很乱，凑合看吧由上，组件里必须有一个统一的当前状态变量，以及对应的统一状态转换函数。 //AttackComp.h //先声明枚举类 namespace Combat_State { enum State { IDLE = 0, ATTACK = 1, DEFENSE = 2, BE_HIT = 3, SPATTACK = 4, //人物技能，模拟霸体 DODGE = 5, }; } UCLASS(Blueprintable , ClassGroup=(Custom), meta=(BlueprintSpawnableComponent) ) class SS_ATTACKCOMPONENT_API UAttackComp : public UActorComponent { GENERATED_BODY() public: // Sets default values for this component's properties UAttackComp(); ... private: typedef int32 F_Combat_State; F_Combat_State nowState = Combat_State::IDLE; //统一处理状态转换 bool ChangeCombatState(F_Combat_State toState); ... } //AttackComp.cpp bool UAttackComp::ChangeCombatState(F_Combat_State toState) { //后续补充各状态处理逻辑 ... //默认改变 nowState = toState; return true; } 攻击模块当玩家不停的连击A键时，他们在期待什么？控制的角色播放攻击动画，进行命中判定，然后尽可能快的进入下一段攻击动画，这就是攻击模块要做的事。 连击蒙太奇从最简单开始考虑，需要指定一段蒙太奇，然后再玩家进行攻击操作并可以攻击时播放它。然后，这个蒙太奇应该有多个分段，对应多段连击动画。当玩家进行攻击操作时，有如下几种情况 由 CanAttak() 函数判定当前状态不允许进行攻击，返回。允许攻击且角色未在攻击状态，播放第一段动画。允许攻击且角色在攻击状态且无下一段蒙太奇，返回。允许攻击且角色在攻击状态且有下一段蒙太奇，设置 bContinueAttack 为 true，等待回调处理。//AttackComp.h UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="AttackMontage") UAnimMontage* AttackMontage; UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable,Category="AttackComponent") virtual void Attack(); //是否继续攻击 bool obWantContinueAttack; //当前播放攻击蒙太奇片段的索引 int NowAttackSectionNum; //根据当前状态判定能否攻击 bool CanAttack(); //AttackComp.cpp bool UAttackComp::CanAttack() { return nowState != Combat_State::BE_HIT && nowState != Combat_State::DODGE && nowState != Combat_State::SPATTACK; } void UAttackComp::Attack() { if(!CanAttack()) return; if(!AttackMontage) { UE_LOG(LogTemp, Warning, TEXT("No Attack Montage")); return; } ACharacter* OwnerCharacter = Cast( GetOwner()); if(!OwnerCharacter) return; if(nowState != Combat_State::ATTACK) { NowAttackSectionNum = 0; OwnerCharacter->PlayAnimMontage(AttackMontage,1.0f,AttackMontage->GetSectionName(NowAttackSectionNum)); ChangeCombatState(Combat_State::ATTACK); } else { if(NowAttackSectionNum GetNumSections() - 1) { bWantContinueAttack = true; } } } //在每个蒙太奇攻击片段结束时的回调函数 void UAttackComp::AttackEnd() { ACharacter* OwnerCharacter = Cast( GetOwner()); if(!OwnerCharacter) return; if(bWantContinueAttack) { bWantContinueAttack = false; if(NowAttackSectionNum == AttackMontage->GetNumSections() - 1) { //防止越界，不会到达 return; } NowAttackSectionNum += 1; OwnerCharacter->PlayAnimMontage(AttackMontage,1.0f,AttackMontage->GetSectionName(NowAttackSectionNum)); } else { ChangeCombatState(Combat_State::IDLE); } }对于回调时间，不能选择在整个动画结束时，因为单个攻击动画一般带有完整的后摇，在进行连击操作时必须跳过这些后摇。只能手动加入动画通知，忍痛增加操作量。 //Notify_AttackEnd.h UCLASS() class SS_ATTACKCOMPONENT_API UNotify_AttackEnd : public UAnimNotify { GENERATED_BODY() public: virtual void Notify(USkeletalMeshComponent* MeshComp, UAnimSequenceBase* Animation) override; }; //Notify_AttackEnd.cpp void UNotify_AttackEnd::Notify(USkeletalMeshComponent* MeshComp, UAnimSequenceBase* Animation) { Super::Notify(MeshComp, Animation); AActor* OwnerActor = MeshComp->GetOwner(); if(!OwnerActor) return; UAttackComp* AttackComponent = Cast(OwnerActor->GetComponentByClass(UAttackComp::StaticClass())); if(!AttackComponent) return; //组件内回调函数 AttackComponent->AttackEnd(); }使用方法如图  忽略其他通知攻击线条检测在播放攻击动画时如何判定攻击是否命中？这里我们采取武器插槽定位+线条检测的方式。 首先在武器上创建用于检测的定位插槽  这里我设置了5个插槽并统一以"SS_AttackComponent"开头，用于在组件中获取插槽位置，免去了繁琐的一一设置。 在组件中，使用三个变量对线条检测进行设置。 //Weapon Detect part //插槽开头统一命名，用于获取检测插槽数组 UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="WeaponTraceDetect") FString TraceSocketNameStartWith = "SS_AttackComponent"; //检测间隔时间 UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="WeaponTraceDetect") float TraceDetectTickTime = 0.02f; //指定武器Mesh命名，如果直接在人物上设置的插槽，则留空 UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="WeaponTraceDetect") FName WeaponMeshComponentName = "";实现线条攻击检测的逻辑如下 在 BeginPlay() 初始化插槽命名数组在 StartTraceDetect() 中获得各插槽位置，并通过定时器循环触发 TickTraceDetect() 在 TickTraceDetect() 中获得新的各插槽位置，绘制与原有位置线条，检测碰撞在 EndTraceDetect() 中结束定时器代码如下 //AttackComp.h //各插槽对应的位置 TMap TraceLocationMap; FTimerHandle TraceDetectTimerHandle; //记录攻击线条检测的数组 TArray TraceSocketNameArr; //AttackComp.cpp //在 BeginPlay() 中调用 void UAttackComp::InitWeaponSocketNameArr() { ACharacter* OwnerCharacter = Cast( GetOwner()); if(!OwnerCharacter) return; //判断武器是否为单独的骨骼 WeaponComponent = nullptr; if(WeaponMeshComponentName == "") { //无单独骨骼，设置为人物骨骼 WeaponComponent = OwnerCharacter->GetMesh(); } else { TArray SkeletalMeshComponents; OwnerCharacter->GetComponents(SkeletalMeshComponents,true); for(auto Mesh : SkeletalMeshComponents) { if(Mesh->GetName() == WeaponMeshComponentName.ToString()) { WeaponComponent = Mesh; break; } } if(!WeaponComponent) { WeaponComponent = OwnerCharacter->GetMesh(); } } //从指定骨骼上获得所有插槽 TArray AllSocketName = WeaponComponent->GetAllSocketNames(); for(auto SocketName : AllSocketName) { //是否以指定开头命名 if(SocketName.ToString().StartsWith(TraceSocketNameStartWith)) { //加入插槽数组 TraceSocketNameArr.Add(SocketName); } } } //更新并记录当前位置 void UAttackComp::GetSocketLocationFromNameArr() { // ACharacter* OwnerCharacter = Cast( GetOwner()); // if(!OwnerCharacter) return; //get socket location for(auto SocketName : TraceSocketNameArr) { FVector SocketLocation = WeaponComponent->GetSocketLocation(SocketName); TraceLocationMap.Add({SocketName,SocketLocation}); } } void UAttackComp::StartTraceDetect() { //以指定的间隔调用TickTraceDetect进行检测 GetWorld()->GetTimerManager().SetTimer(TraceDetectTimerHandle,this,&UAttackComp::TickTraceDetect,TraceDetectTickTime,true,-1.0f); if(GetOwner()) { //不检测自己 QParams.AddIgnoredActor(GetOwner()); //初始化插槽位置 GetSocketLocationFromNameArr(); } } void UAttackComp::TickTraceDetect() { //未开启线条检测，范围 if(!bTraceDetect) return; ACharacter* OwnerCharacter = Cast( GetOwner()); if(!OwnerCharacter) return; for(auto SocketName : TraceSocketNameArr) { FVector oldLocation = TraceLocationMap.FindRef(SocketName); FVector newLocation = WeaponComponent->GetSocketLocation(SocketName); if(bUseDebug) { DrawDebugLine(GetWorld(), oldLocation,newLocation,FColor::Red,false,3,0,1); } // FHitResult HitRes; //进行通过新旧位置进行轨迹检测 bool bHit = GetWorld()->LineTraceSingleByChannel(HitRes,oldLocation,newLocation,ECC_Pawn,QParams); if(bHit) { //每次攻击仅检测一次 QParams.AddIgnoredActor(HitRes.GetActor()); //需要检测到的Actor也有AttackComp组件 if(auto victimsAttackComp = Cast(HitRes.GetActor()->GetComponentByClass(UAttackComp::StaticClass()))) { ACharacter* victims = Cast(HitRes.GetActor()); if(victimsAttackComp->CanBeHit()) { //进行击中和受击处理 Hit(victims,(oldLocation + newLocation)/2); victimsAttackComp->BeHit(OwnerCharacter); } } } //更新插槽位置 TraceLocationMap.Add({SocketName,newLocation}); } } void UAttackComp::EndTraceDetect() { //结束定时器 GetWorld()->GetTimerManager().ClearTimer(TraceDetectTimerHandle); //关闭尾迹，在攻击表现模块 if(bUseTrailParticle && TrailParticle) { TarilParticleSystemComponent->EndTrails(); } //重置忽略Actor QParams.ClearIgnoredActors(); }同样的，线条检测的开始和结束也需要动画通知触发，其与AttackEnd通知基本一致，不再细谈 void UNotify_TraceBegin::Notify(USkeletalMeshComponent* MeshComp, UAnimSequenceBase* Animation) { Super::Notify(MeshComp, Animation); // UE_LOG(LogTemp, Warning, TEXT("TraceBegin")); AActor* OwnerActor = MeshComp->GetOwner(); if(!OwnerActor) return; UAttackComp* AttackComponent = Cast(OwnerActor->GetComponentByClass(UAttackComp::StaticClass())); if(!AttackComponent) return; AttackComponent->StartTraceDetect(); } 攻击表现改功能用于增强攻击时的打击感，具体有以下几个部分 镜头晃动卡肉攻击音效和命中音效命中时的Niagara系统粒子尾迹在头文件中实现用户设置 //Attack performance part UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category= "AttackPerformance") bool bUseAttackPerformance; UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="AttackPerformance",meta=(EditCondition = "bUseAttackPerformance")) TSubclassOf AttackCameraShake; //卡肉时间 UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="AttackPerformance",meta=(EditCondition = "bUseAttackPerformance")) float AnimPauseTime = 0.01f; //攻击音效 UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="AttackPerformance",meta=(EditCondition = "bUseAttackPerformance")) TArray AttackCueArr; //命中音效 UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="AttackPerformance",meta=(EditCondition = "bUseAttackPerformance")) TArray HitCueArr; //命中时触发的粒子系统 UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="AttackPerformance",meta=(EditCondition = "bUseAttackPerformance")) UNiagaraSystem* HitNiagara; UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="AttackPerformance",meta=(EditCondition = "bUseAttackPerformance")) bool bUseTrailParticle; //尾迹 UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="AttackPerformance",meta=(EditCondition = "bUseTrailParticle")) UParticleSystem* TrailParticle; //附着尾迹的插槽命名 UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="AttackPerformance",meta=(EditCondition = "bUseTrailParticle")) FName FirstSocketName = "Trail_Sta"; UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="AttackPerformance",meta=(EditCondition = "bUseTrailParticle")) FName SecondSocketName = "Trail_End"; UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="AttackPerformance",meta=(EditCondition = "bUseTrailParticle")) float InWidth = 2.0f; private: //尾迹粒子系统 UParticleSystemComponent* TarilParticleSystemComponent; void AttachParticleSystem();按照逻辑顺序逐步实现 BeginPlay阶段：初始化尾迹系统 //在BeginPlay中调用 void UAttackComp::AttachParticleSystem() { ACharacter* OwnerCharacter = Cast( GetOwner()); if(!OwnerCharacter) return; //AttackComp私有变量 TarilParticleSystemComponent = NewObject(OwnerCharacter); TarilParticleSystemComponent->SetupAttachment(WeaponComponent); if(TrailParticle) { TarilParticleSystemComponent->SetTemplate(TrailParticle); } TarilParticleSystemComponent->RegisterComponent(); }攻击开始时：镜头晃动，攻击音效，尾迹 直接用引擎自带的CameraShake，随机播放攻击音效数组中的一个，开始播放尾迹。 // .h UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category="AttackPerformance",meta=(EditCondition = "bUseAttackPerformance")) TSubclassOf AttackCameraShake; // .cpp void UAttackComp::StartTraceDetect() { GetWorld()->GetTimerManager().SetTimer(TraceDetectTimerHandle,this,&UAttackComp::TickTraceDetect,TraceDetectTickTime,true,-1.0f); if(GetOwner()) { QParams.AddIgnoredActor(GetOwner()); GetSocketLocationFromNameArr(); } ACharacter* OwnerCharacter = Cast( GetOwner()); if(AttackCameraShake) { APlayerController* Controller = Cast(OwnerCharacter->GetController()); if(Controller) { APlayerCameraManager* CameraManager = Controller->PlayerCameraManager; if(CameraManager) { CameraManager->StartCameraShake(AttackCameraShake); } } } if(bUseAttackPerformance && AttackCueArr.Num() > 0) { //随机播放音效 USoundCue* SoundCue = AttackCueArr[FMath::RandRange(0,AttackCueArr.Num()-1)]; FVector Location = GetOwner()->GetActorLocation(); UGameplayStatics::PlaySoundAtLocation(GetWorld(), SoundCue, Location); } if(bUseTrailParticle && TrailParticle) { //开始尾迹 TarilParticleSystemComponent->BeginTrails(FirstSocketName,SecondSocketName,ETrailWidthMode_FromCentre,InWidth); } }命中时：卡肉，播放命中音效，生成Niagara特效 //HitLocation在线条检测时确定 //平均位置 Hit(victims,(oldLocation + newLocation)/2); void UAttackComp::Hit(ACharacter* victims,const FVector& HitLocation) { ACharacter* OwnerCharacter = Cast( GetOwner()); if(!OwnerCharacter) return; if(bUseAttackPerformance) { if(AnimPauseTime > 0.0f) { //设置时间膨胀 GetWorld()->GetWorldSettings()->SetTimeDilation(0.1); FTimerHandle TmpTimerHandle; //直接lambda回调 GetWorld()->GetTimerManager().SetTimer(TmpTimerHandle, [this]() { GetWorld()->GetWorldSettings()->SetTimeDilation(1); }, AnimPauseTime, false); } if( HitCueArr.Num() > 0) { // 随机播放命中音效 USoundCue* SoundCue = HitCueArr[FMath::RandRange(0, HitCueArr.Num()-1)]; FVector Location = GetOwner()->GetActorLocation(); UGameplayStatics::PlaySoundAtLocation(GetWorld(), SoundCue, Location); } if(HitNiagara) { //生成粒子系统 UNiagaraFunctionLibrary::SpawnSystemAtLocation(GetWorld(),HitNiagara,HitLocation); } } }结束时：结束拖尾 void UAttackComp::EndTraceDetect() { GetWorld()->GetTimerManager().ClearTimer(TraceDetectTimerHandle); if(bUseTrailParticle && TrailParticle) { TarilParticleSystemComponent->EndTrails(); } QParams.ClearIgnoredActors(); } 敌方锁定最好的方法应该是球体检测+角度判定，获取指定长度和夹角范围内的敌人。但直接用线条检测不判定角度也能实现。 这里使用LockView() 处理锁定操作，TickComponet() 中处理视角逻辑。 // .h UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category = "ViewLock") bool bUseViewLock = false; //最长距离 UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category = "ViewLock",meta=(EditCondition = "bUseViewLock")) float MaxViewLength = 1000.0f; //球体检测半径 UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,Category = "ViewLock",meta=(EditCondition = "bUseViewLock")) float ViewHalfSize = 500.0f; private: bool bViewLock = false; //锁定的Actor AActor* ViewLockActor; // .cpp void UAttackComp::LockView() { if(!bUseViewLock) { return; } ACharacter* OwnerCharacter = Cast( GetOwner()); if(!OwnerCharacter) return; //调用一次锁定，两次取消 bViewLock = !bViewLock; if(bViewLock) { //获得范围内最近的敌人 ViewLockActor = GetNearestActor(); if(ViewLockActor == nullptr) { //没有敌人，视为未操作 bViewLock = false; } } else { ViewLockActor = nullptr; } } AActor* UAttackComp::GetNearestActor() { // TArray HitResArr; FVector StaLocation = GetOwner()->GetActorLocation(); FVector EndLocation = StaLocation + GetOwner()->GetActorForwardVector() * MaxViewLength; //调用从组件中抽离的工具函数 TArray ResActorArr = AttackComponentPluginUtilities::SphereTraceActorsWithComponent( GetWorld(), StaLocation, EndLocation, ViewHalfSize, bUseDebug ); AActor* ResActor = nullptr; for(AActor* HitActor: ResActorArr) { if(HitActor == GetOwner()) { continue; } //比较距离，获得最近的Actor if(!ResActor) { ResActor = HitActor; } else { float HitDistance = FVector::Dist(HitActor->GetActorLocation(),GetOwner()->GetActorLocation()); float ResDistance = FVector::Dist(ResActor->GetActorLocation(),GetOwner()->GetActorLocation()); if(HitDistance GetComponentByClass(ComponentType::StaticClass())) { resActors.Add(HitActor); } } return resActors; }获得目标Actor后，在Tick中确定人物朝向 void UAttackComp::TickComponent(float DeltaTime, ELevelTick TickType, FActorComponentTickFunction* ThisTickFunction) { Super::TickComponent(DeltaTime, TickType, ThisTickFunction); //锁定目标Actor if(bViewLock && ViewLockActor != nullptr) { FRotator LookAtRoation = UKismetMathLibrary::FindLookAtRotation(GetOwner()->GetActorLocation(),ViewLockActor->GetActorLocation()); LookAtRoation.Pitch = LookAtRoation.Roll = 0.0f; GetOwner()->SetActorRotation(LookAtRoation); if(bUseDebug) { DrawDebugLine(GetWorld(),GetOwner()->GetActorLocation(),ViewLockActor->GetActorLocation(), FColor::Red,false,0.1,0,1); } } }以上是完整的攻击模块实现，其它模块会在下一篇文章里更新。 任何问题欢迎评论区讨论！ |
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