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图像处理大作业（用霍夫变换检测硬币及统计硬币个数，并设计GUI界面）
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实现所给硬币图像中的硬币检测及计数
要求完成功能：自行查找、阅读有关的采用Hough变换来检测图像中圆的资料，设计实现所给图像中圆形的检测，要求检测出图像中硬币个数以及各个硬币的直径。 本题难度系数：★★★★ GUI界面设计参考：MATLAB学习笔记（十一）——MATLAB图形用户界面设计 https://www.cnblogs.com/BlueMountain-HaggenDazs/p/4307777.html 我采用了霍夫变换对所给图形进行了检测和统计个数： 原图如下：
检测后的效果：
全部matlab代码如下： Hough.m文件： function varargout = Hough(varargin) % HOUGH MATLAB code for Hough.fig % HOUGH, by itself, creates a new HOUGH or raises the existing % singleton*. % % H = HOUGH returns the handle to a new HOUGH or the handle to % the existing singleton*. % % HOUGH('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local % function named CALLBACK in HOUGH.M with the given input arguments. % % HOUGH('Property','Value',...) creates a new HOUGH or raises the % existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are % applied to the GUI before Hough_OpeningFcn gets called. An % unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application % stop. All inputs are passed to Hough_OpeningFcn via varargin. % % *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one % instance to run (singleton)". % % See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES % Edit the above text to modify the response to help Hough % Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 10-Jan-2019 20:43:12 % Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT gui_Singleton = 1; gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ... 'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ... 'gui_OpeningFcn', @Hough_OpeningFcn, ... 'gui_OutputFcn', @Hough_OutputFcn, ... 'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ... 'gui_Callback', []); if nargin && ischar(varargin{1}) gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1}); end if nargout [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:}); else gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:}); end % End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT % --- Executes just before Hough is made visible. function Hough_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin) % This function has no output args, see OutputFcn. % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % varargin command line arguments to Hough (see VARARGIN) % Choose default command line output for Hough handles.output = hObject; % Update handles structure guidata(hObject, handles); % UIWAIT makes Hough wait for user response (see UIRESUME) % uiwait(handles.figure1); % --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line. function varargout = Hough_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT); % hObject handle to figure % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Get default command line output from handles structure varargout{1} = handles.output; % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton4. function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1. function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) %打开文件 global img [filename, pathname]= ... uigetfile({'*.*';'*.bmp';'*.tif';'*.png';'*.jpg'},'select picture'); str= [pathname filename]; img= imread(str); axes(handles.axes1); imshow(img); % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2. function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global img; global Gray; img=imresize(img,0.5); [m,n,l] = size(img); if l == 3 Gray = rgb2gray(img); %如果为彩色图 则转化为灰度图 else Gray=img; end axes(handles.axes1); imshow(Gray); % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3. function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton5. function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton5 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global Gray; global BW1; BW1=im2bw(Gray,graythresh(Gray)); %转化为二值图像 axes(handles.axes2); imshow(BW1) % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton6. function pushbutton6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton6 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global BW1; BW1=imopen(BW1,strel('disk',3)); %转化为二值图像 axes(handles.axes2); imshow(BW1) % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton7. function pushbutton7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global BW1; BW1=imfill(~BW1,'holes'); %填充图像空洞 axes(handles.axes2); imshow(BW1) % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton8. function pushbutton8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton8 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) %sobel算子边缘检测 global BW1; BW1 = edge(BW1,'sobel'); axes(handles.axes2); imshow(BW1) % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton9. function pushbutton9_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton9 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global BW1; global para; %hough检测 step_r = str2num(get(handles.edit1, 'String')); step_angle = str2num(get(handles.edit2, 'String')); minr =str2num(get(handles.edit3, 'String')); maxr = str2num(get(handles.edit4, 'String')); thresh = str2num(get(handles.edit5, 'String')); [Hough_Space,Hough_Circle,para] = hough_circle(BW1,step_r,step_angle,minr,maxr,thresh); axes(handles.axes2); imshow(Hough_Circle); % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton10. function pushbutton10_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton10 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) global para; global circleParaXYR; circleParaXYR=para; %通过位置求圆心和半径 [r,c]=size(circleParaXYR); for i=1:r a='handles.edit'; b=5+i; c=[a num2str(b)]; d=[a num2str(5+r+1)]; set(eval(c),'string',['(' num2str(floor(circleParaXYR(i,1))) ',' num2str(floor(circleParaXYR(i,2))) ')', num2str(2*floor(circleParaXYR(i,3)))]); set(eval(d),'string',num2str(r)); end % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton11. function pushbutton11_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton11 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) %标出圆 global img; global circleParaXYR; axes(handles.axes2); imshow(img); hold on; plot(circleParaXYR(:,2), circleParaXYR(:,1), 'r+'); for k = 1 : size(circleParaXYR, 1) t=0:0.01*pi:2*pi; x=cos(t).*circleParaXYR(k,3)+circleParaXYR(k,2);y=sin(t).*circleParaXYR(k,3)+circleParaXYR(k,1); plot(x,y,'r-'); end function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end function edit3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit3 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit3 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit3 as a double % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit3 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end function edit4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit4 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit4 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit4 as a double % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit4_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit4 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end function edit5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit5 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit5 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit5 as a double % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit5_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit5 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end function edit6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit6 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit6 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit6 as a double % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit6_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit6 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end function edit7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit7 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit7 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit7 as a double % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit7_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit7 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end function edit8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit8 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit8 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit8 as a double % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit8_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit8 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end function edit9_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit9 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit9 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit9 as a double % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit9_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit9 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end function edit10_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit10 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit10 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit10 as a double % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit10_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit10 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end function edit11_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit11 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit11 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit11 as a double % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit11_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit11 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end function edit12_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit12 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit12 as text % str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit12 as a double % --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit12_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to edit12 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called % Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows. % See ISPC and COMPUTER. if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor')) set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'); end % -------------------------------------------------------------------- function m_file_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to m_file (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) % -------------------------------------------------------------------- function m_file_save_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to m_file_save (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) %保存文件 [FileName,PathName] = uiputfile({'*.jpg','JPEG(*.jpg)'; '*.bmp','Bitmap(*.bmp)'; '*.gif','GIF(*.gif)'; '*.*', 'All Files (*.*)'},'Save Picture','Untitled'); if FileName==0 return; else h=getframe(handles.axes2); imwrite(h.cdata,[PathName,FileName]); warndlg('保存成功','保存成功'); endhough_circle.m文件： function [hough_space,hough_circle,para] = hough_circle(BW,step_r,step_angle,r_min,r_max,p) % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % input % BW:二值图像； % step_r:检测的圆半径步长 % step_angle:角度步长，单位为弧度 % r_min:最小圆半径 % r_max:最大圆半径 % p:阈值，0，1之间的数 通过调此值可以得到图中圆的圆心和半径 % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % output % hough_space:参数空间，h(a,b,r)表示圆心在(a,b)半径为r的圆上的点数 % hough_circl:二值图像，检测到的圆 % para:检测到的圆的圆心、半径 circleParaXYR=[]; para=[]; [m,n] = size(BW); size_r = round((r_max-r_min)/step_r)+1;%四舍五入 size_angle = round(2*pi/step_angle); hough_space = zeros(m,n,size_r); [rows,cols] = find(BW);%查找非零元素的行列坐标 ecount = size(rows);%非零坐标的个数 % Hough变换 % 将图像空间(x,y)对应到参数空间(a,b,r) % a = x-r*cos(angle) % b = y-r*sin(angle) for i=1:ecount for r=1:size_r %半径步长数 for k=1:size_angle %按一定弧度把圆几等分 a = round(rows(i)-(r_min+(r-1)*step_r)*cos(k*step_angle)); b = round(cols(i)-(r_min+(r-1)*step_r)*sin(k*step_angle)); if(a>0&a0&b=max_para*p);%一个矩阵中，想找到其中大于max_para*p数的位置 length = size(index);%符合阈值的个数 hough_circle = false(m,n); %hough_circle = zeros(m,n); %通过位置求半径和圆心。 for i=1:ecount for k=1:length par3 = floor(index(k)/(m*n))+1; par2 = floor((index(k)-(par3-1)*(m*n))/m)+1; par1 = index(k)-(par3-1)*(m*n)-(par2-1)*m; if((rows(i)-par1)^2+(cols(i)-par2)^2(r_min+(par3-1)*step_r)^2-5) hough_circle(rows(i),cols(i)) = true; %检测的圆 end end end % 从超过峰值阈值中得到 for k=1:length par3 = floor(index(k)/(m*n))+1;%取整 par2 = floor((index(k)-(par3-1)*(m*n))/m)+1; par1 = index(k)-(par3-1)*(m*n)-(par2-1)*m; circleParaXYR = [circleParaXYR;par1,par2,par3]; hough_circle(par1,par2)= true; %这时得到好多圆心和半径，不同的圆的圆心处聚集好多点，这是因为所给的圆不是标准的圆 %fprintf(1,'test1:Center %d %d \n',par1,par2); end %集中在各个圆的圆心处的点取平均，得到针对每个圆的精确圆心和半径！ while size(circleParaXYR,1) >= 1 num=1; XYR=[]; temp1=circleParaXYR(1,1); temp2=circleParaXYR(1,2); temp3=circleParaXYR(1,3); c1=temp1; c2=temp2; c3=temp3; temp3= r_min+(temp3-1)*step_r; if size(circleParaXYR,1)>1 for k=2:size(circleParaXYR,1) if (circleParaXYR(k,1)-temp1)^2+(circleParaXYR(k,2)-temp2)^2 > temp3^2 XYR=[XYR;circleParaXYR(k,1),circleParaXYR(k,2),circleParaXYR(k,3)]; %保存剩下圆的圆心和半径位置 else c1=c1+circleParaXYR(k,1); c2=c2+circleParaXYR(k,2); c3=c3+circleParaXYR(k,3); num=num+1; end end end %fprintf(1,'sum %d %d radius %d\n',c1,c2,r_min+(c3-1)*step_r); c1=round(c1/num); c2=round(c2/num); c3=round(c3/num); c3=r_min+(c3-1)*step_r; %fprintf(1,'num=%d\n',num) %fprintf(1,'Center %d %d radius %d\n',c1,c2,c3); para=[para;c1,c2,c3]; %保存各个圆的圆心和半径的值 circleParaXYR=XYR; end以上完整源码仅供参考，此次任务小组合作完成，所以博主对以上代码一些部分不是很了解，谢谢合作。 |
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