近红外荧光染料(Near

近红外荧光生物成像技术由于具有深的组织穿透性、低背景荧光干扰、最小生物样本光损伤等特点引起人们越来越多的关注。         【近红外荧光染料分类】:1： 菁染料类  Cy3  Cy3.5  Cy5  Cy5.5  Cy7  IR783  IR8202：  BODIPY类3： 罗丹明类4：  方酸类5： 卟啉类 菁染料类:菁染料（聚甲川菁染料）是一类优良的荧光染料，由奇数个碳原子组成共振次甲基（甲川基）共轭链并被两个含氮杂环封端构成的一类共轭有机小分子体系。菁染料通常都是疏水，为了增加这类染料的亲水性，我们往往会引入强亲水性的磺酸基团来改善其水溶性，Cy5 NHS ester（疏水性），Sulfo-Cy5 NHS ester（亲水性）。            BODIPY类：     4，4'-difluoro-4-bora-3a，4a-diaza-s-indacene（BODIPY），具有高耐光漂白性、高摩尔吸收系数、高量子产率及对环境的酸碱度不敏感、吸收/发射峰窄等特性。通过扩大π-共轭体系获得的近红外BODIPY分子结构以及吸收和发射波长： 罗丹明类：罗丹明是由3、6位氨基取代的氧杂蒽母体与9位碳原子取代芳基构成的一类有机荧光染料。经典的罗丹明染料如罗丹明B、罗丹明6G、罗丹明101的吸收/发射波长在可见光区（500～600nm），不适于生物体荧光成像。Rhodamine B、Rhodamine 101、Rhodamine 6G属性结构介绍：

 方酸类：方酸类染料通常具有良好的光稳定性，可通过二羟基环丁烯二酮与富电子芳环或芳杂环化合物（如N，N-二烷基苯胺、酚、吡咯、喹啉等）进行亲核取代反应制得。方酸类荧光染料的共振结构：

  【蛋白或聚合物修饰的近红外荧光染料在成像的应用和肿瘤标记及靶向】： 近红外荧光染料用于生物成像时，除了具有近红外吸收/发射波长、还荧光具有良好的水溶性和较低的生物毒性，特异的组织或细胞靶向性以及良好的细胞穿透性等，从而达到更安全、高效、灵敏的荧光成像目的。为了提高近红外荧光染料的水溶性和生物相容性和较低的生物毒性，可以将一种高分子聚合物材料-聚乙二醇（PEG）修饰到荧光染料上，常见的有CY3-PEG-MAL, Cy5-PEG-NH2,Rhodamine B-PEG-NHS, CY7-PEG-COOH等等，经过PEG修饰后的荧光染料还具有较长时间的体内循环。     DSPE-PEG2000-CY7这种近红外染料链接PEG再链接二棕榈酰磷脂酰乙醇胺，可以作为靶向材料作用于肿瘤。DSPE-PEG2000-Cy7结构式：

 有些情况下，还可以将荧光分子修饰到生物分子、药物以及纳米载体表面，在研究生物分子功能、药物分布和代谢、疾病尤其是肿瘤的诊断与治疗中发挥有重要作用。血清蛋白（BSA）是血浆中存在最丰富的蛋白之一，它对内生或外源性配体在血液中的运输、沉积起到重要作用。用BSA对近红外荧光染料进行修饰，不仅可以增加水溶性和生物相容性，还可 以提高它们的荧光强度。西安瑞禧生物科技有限公司常用的有CY3-BSA,CY5-BSA，CY5.5-BSA，Streptavidin-CY5，Concanavalin A-CY5.5等等 为了提高对肿瘤等病灶的荧光成像检测的灵敏性，可以将与肿瘤细胞中特有的受体准确结合的靶分子修饰到近红外荧光染料上。当用于肿瘤的诊断与治疗时，有助于将染料分子靶向的送达肿瘤组织或细胞部位，提高成像时的特异性、灵敏性。目前常用的靶向分子包括如叶酸、单克隆抗体和一些多肽分子等。例如，在许多的肿瘤组织中存在叶酸受体过表达的现象，因此用叶酸对近红外荧光染料进行表面修饰可使其能选择性的富集于肿瘤组织中，特别适用于肿瘤的早期检测。比如有CY5-PEG-FA  CY7-PEG-FA等等产品。

生物荧光成像：近红外荧光探针可对细胞或组织内的一些重要物质如活性氧（H2O2、氢氧自由基、单线态等）、活性氮（ONOO－、NO、NO+等）、硫醇、H2S、金属离子（Cu2+、Zn2+、Hg2+等）、酶、pH等进行检测。近红外荧光染料也可以作为一种辅助手段修饰到药物或药物载体的表面，通过荧光成像的方法追踪并检测药物在体内的运输、释放、分布，使这些过程可视化并利于进行控制。例如将荧光分子与喜树碱用双硫键连接，封装于PEG-PLA纳米粒中，由于肿瘤组织中富集的GSH能有效切断双硫键，使得荧光分子荧光增强，而喜树碱则用于杀死癌细胞，能同时实现靶向送药和可视化检测疗效等多重目的。

 西安瑞禧生物科技有限公司400种荧光相关产品列表：CY3 CY5 CY7 CY3-NHS   Cy3 NHS EsterCY5-NHS   Cy5 NHS EsterCY7-NHS   Cy7 NHS EsterCY3-N3CY5-N3CY7-N3CY3-MALCY5-MALCY7-MALCY3-COOHCY5-COOHCY7-COOHDSPE-PEG-CY5 DSPE-PEG-CY7  FITC-PEG-NH2FITC-PEG-COOHFITC-PEG-MALFITC-PEG-NHSFITC-PEG-BiotinRB-PEG-NH2RB-PEG-COOHRB-PEG-MALRB-PEG-NHSRB-PEG-BiotinCY3-PEG-NH2CY3-PEG-COOHCY3-PEG-MALCY3-PEG-NHSCY3-PEG-BiotinCY5-PEG-NH2CY5-PEG-COOHCY5-PEG-MALCY5-PEG-NHSCY5-PEG-BiotinFITC-Poly-L-lysineFITC-PLLFITC-dextranFITC-CM-dextranTRITC-dextranBSA-FITCBSA-TRITCFITC-Hyaluronic acid BSA-FITCConcanavalin A-CY5Concanavalin A-BiotinConcanavalin A-SHConcanavalin A-TRITCStreptavidin-SHFITC-StreptavidinCY5.5-StreptavidinCY5-StreptavidinHSA-FITCHSA-TRITCHSA-BiotinBSA-TRITCConcanavalin A-SepharoseConcanavalin A-CY3Avidin-CY3Avidin-CY5Avidin-CY5.5AvidinAvidin-SepharoseAvidin-thiolAvidin-FITCAvidin-TRITCRhodamine B-Hyaluronic acid6-Carboxy Fluorescein; 6-FAM5(6)Carboxy fluorescein; 5(6)-FAM5-Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester; 5-FAM, SE5-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine; 5-TAMRA5(6)-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine succinimidyl ester;5(6)-TAMRA, SE5-Carboxy-X-rhodamine; 5-ROX6-Carboxy-X-rhodamine; 6-ROX5(6)-Carboxy-X-rhodamine; 5(6)-ROX5(6)-Aminofluorescein5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate5-AminofluoresceinFluorescein isothiocyanateAMCA AlkyneAMCA AzideDBCO-Cy3DBCO-Cy55-FAM Alkyne5-FAM Azide6-Carboxy-X-Rhodamine，SE (NHS) 6-羧基-X-罗丹明琥珀酰亚胺酯5-TAMRA-Osu   5-羧基四甲基罗丹明琥珀酰亚胺酯Streptavidin-CY5.5Streptavidin-CY5Streptavidin-CY3Streptavidin-TRITCStreptavidin-FITCStreptavidin-thiolAvidin-CY3Avidin-CY5Avidin-CY5.5Avidin (without modification) Avidin-SepharoseAvidin-thiolAvidin-FITCAvidin-TRITCHuman serum albumin, Sepharose beads （HAS- Sepharose beads）Human serum albumin thiol (HSA-SH)Human serum albumin Biotin (HSA-Biotin)Human serum albumin TRITC (HSA-TRITC)Human serum albumin Fluorescein (HSA-FITC)Human serum albumin CY5 (HSA-CY5)Human serum albumin CY3 (HSA-CY3)Human serum albumin CY5.5 (HSA-CY5.5)Human serum albumin (HSA, without modification) Bovine serum albumin, Sepharose beads （BSA- Sepharose beads）Bovine serum albumin thiol (BSA-SH)Bovine serum albumin Biotin (BSA-Biotin)Bovine serum albumin TRITC (BSA-TRITC)Bovine serum albumin Fluorescein (BSA-FITC)Bovine serum albumin CY5 (BSA-CY5)Bovine serum albumin CY3 (BSA-CY3)Bovine serum albumin CY5.5 (BSA-CY5.5)Bovine serum albumin (BSA, without modification)Bovine serum albumin tetramethylrhodamine (BSA-tetramethylrhodamine)Concanavalin A刀豆求蛋白A产品：Concanavalin A-CY5Concanavalin A-CY3Concanavalin A-CY5.5Concanavalin A-SepharoseConcanavalin A-BiotinConcanavalin A-SHConcanavalin A-tetramethylrhodamineConcanavalin A-FITCConcanavalin A (without modification)Ficoll-Fluorescein, MW 20 kDaFicoll-Fluorescein, MW 40 kDaFicoll-Fluorescein, MW 70 kDaFicoll-Fluorescein, MW 400 kDaHeparin-Biotin, MW 18 kDaHeparin-Rhodamine, MW 18 kDaHeparin-Fluorescein, MW 18 kDaHeparin-NIR Dye, HP MW: 18kDaHeparin-Amine, MW 18 kDaChitosan-Rhodamine, 200-500 cP, 85% DDAChitosan-Rhodamine, MW 200kDa, 95% DDAChitosan-Rhodamine, MW 200kDa, 85% DDAChitosan-Fluorescein, 10-50 cP, 85% DDAChitosan-Fluorescein, 200-500 cP, 85% DDAChitosan-Fluorescein, MW 200kDa, 95% DDAChitosan-Fluorescein, MW 200kDa, 85% DDADextran-Biotin, MW 6 kDaDextran-Biotin, MW 20 kDaDextran-Biotin, MW 40 kDaDextran-Biotin, MW 70 kDaDextran-Biotin, MW 100 kDaDextran-Biotin, MW 550 kDaDextran-Biotin, MW 2,000 kDaDextran-Rhodamine, MW 6 kDaDextran-Rhodamine, MW 20 kDaDextran-Rhodamine, MW 40 kDaDextran-Rhodamine, MW 70 kDaDextran-Rhodamine, MW 100 kDaDextran-Rhodamine, MW 550 kDaDextran-Rhodamine, MW 2,000 kDaDextran-Fluorescein, MW 6 kDaDextran-Fluorescein, MW 20 kDaDextran-Fluorescein, MW 40 kDaDextran-Fluorescein, MW 70 kDaDextran-Fluorescein, MW 100 kDaDextran-Fluorescein, MW 550 kDaDextran-Fluorescein, MW 2,000 kDaDextran-NIR Dye, DE MW: 6k-2000kDextran-Amine, MW 6 kDaDextran-Amine, MW 20 kDaDextran-Amine, MW 40 kDaDextran-Amine, MW 70 kDaDextran-Amine, MW 100 kDaDextran-Amine, MW 550 kDaDextran-Amine, MW 2,000 kDaFITC-DEAE-dextrans荧光素葡聚糖产品：FITC-DEAE-dextran,MW:3000-6000FITC-DEAE-dextran,MW:20000-30000FITC-DEAE-dextran,MW:30000-60000FITC-DEAE-dextran,MW:70000-90000FITC-DEAE-dextran,MW:160000-190000FITC-Inulin荧光素菊粉产品：FITC-Inulin,MW:4000FITC-Polysucrose荧光素聚蔗糖产品：FITC-Polysucrose,MW:15000-30000FITC-Polysucrose,MW:30000-50000FITC-Polysucrose,MW:70000FITC-Polysucrose,MW:300000-450000FITC-CM-Polysucrose 荧光素羧基聚蔗糖产品：FITC-CM-Polysucrose,MW:60000-80000FITC-CM-Polysucrose,MW:350000-450000FITC-DEAE-Polysucrose荧光素DEAE聚蔗糖产品：FITC-DEAE-Polysucrose,MW:400000FITC-Dextran sulfate产品：FITC-Dextran sulphate,MW:30000-50000FITC-Dextran sulphate,MW:400000-650000CY3-Dextran, CY5-Dextran，CY7-Dextran产品列表：DX5-S3-1      Dextran, Cy3 labeled     5000 Da     2 mg DX10-S3-1     Dextran, Cy3 labeled     10000 Da         5 mg DX40-S3-1     Dextran, Cy3 labeled     40000 Da   5 mgThiol Dextran产品列表:DX5-TH-1      Dextran, Thiol Functional     5000 Da  50 mg    DX10-TH-1    Dextran, Thiol Functional     10000 Da       50 mg    DX40-TH-1    Dextran, Thiol Functional     40000 Da       50 mg    Wheat germ agglutinin & Conjugates（麦胚凝集素交联剂）FITC-Wheat germ agglutininRB-Wheat germ agglutininCY3-Wheat germ agglutininCY5-Wheat germ agglutininTransferrin & Conjugates（荧光标记转染铁蛋白）FITC-TransferrinRB-TransferrinCY3-TransferrinCY5-TransferrinCY7-TransferrinBiotin-TransferrinLysozyme & conjugates（荧光标记溶菌酶）FITC-LysozymeRB-LysozymeCY3-LysozymeCY5-LysozymeCY7-LysozymeBiotin-LysozymeCatalase conjugates（荧光标记过氧化氢酶）FITC-CatalaseRB-CatalaseCY3-CatalaseCY5-CatalaseCY7-CatalaseBiotin-CatalasePolylysine conjugates（荧光标记多聚赖氨酸氨酸）FITC-PolylysineRB-PolylysineCY3-PolylysineCY5-PolylysineCY7-PolylysineBiotin-PolylysineProtein A & conjugates（荧光标记蛋白A）FITC-Protein ARB-Protein ACY3-Protein ACY5-Protein ACY7-Protein ABiotin-Protein AHRP-Protein AMaleimide-Protein AInsulin & conjugates(荧光标记胰岛素)FITC-InsulinRB-InsulinCY3-InsulinCY5-InsulinBiotin-InsulinHorseradish Peroxidase (HRP) Conjugates（辣根过氧化物酶交联剂）Biotin-HRPStreptavidin-HRPFITC-HRPCY3-HRPCY5-HRPRB-HRPMaleimide-HRPNH2-HRPHS-HRPHylauronic acid & Conjugates（透明质酸交联剂）FITC-Hylauronic acidRB-Hylauronic acidCY3-Hylauronic acidCY5-Hylauronic acidCY7-Hylauronic acidBiotin-Hylauronic acidHeparin & Conjugates（肝素交联剂）FITC-HeparinRB-HeparinCY3-HeparinCY5-HeparinBiotin-HeparinFicoll & Conjugates（聚蔗糖交联剂）FITC-FicollRB-FicollCY3-FicollCY5-FicollBiotin-FicollChitosan & Conjugates（壳聚糖交联剂）FITC-ChitosanRB-ChitosanCY3-ChitosanCY5-ChitosanBiotin-ChitosanLipopolysaccharides Conjugates（脂多糖交联）FITC-LipopolysaccharidesRB-LipopolysaccharidesCY3-LipopolysaccharidesCY5-LipopolysaccharidesCY5.5-LipopolysaccharidesCasein conjugates（酪蛋白交联剂）FITC-CaseinRB-CaseinCY3-CaseinCY5-CaseinCY5.5-CaseinBiotin-Caseinα-Chymotrypsin conjugates （α-胰凝乳蛋白交联剂）FITC-α-ChymotrypsinRB-α-ChymotrypsinCY3-α-ChymotrypsinCY5-α-ChymotrypsinCY5.5-α-ChymotrypsinPolylysine & conjugates（多聚赖氨酸和共轭物）FITC-PolylysineRB-PolylysineCY3-PolylysineCY5-PolylysineCY5.5-PolylysineBiotin-PolylysineC10B0            Cyanine3 alkyne, 10 mgC1030            Cyanine3 azide, 10 mg21090             Cyanine3 carboxylic acid, 5 mg21070             Cyanine3 hydrazide, 5 mg21080             Cyanine3 maleimide, 5 mg21020             Cyanine3 NHS ester, 5 mg41020             Cyanine3 NHS ester, 25 mgB2030            Cyanine3.5 azide, 5 mg42090             Cyanine3.5 carboxylic acid, 25 mg52020             Cyanine3.5 NHS ester, 50 mgB30B0            Cyanine5 alkyne, 5 mg230C0            Cyanine5 amine, 5 mgC3030            Cyanine5 azide, 10 mg430A0            Cyanine5 Boc-hydrazide, 25 mg43090             Cyanine5 carboxylic acid, 25 mg23070             Cyanine5 hydrazide, 5 mg43080             Cyanine5 maleimide, 25 mg23020             Cyanine5 NHS ester, 5 mgB70B0            Cyanine5.5 alkyne, 5 mgB4030            Cyanine5.5 azide, 5 mg27090             Cyanine5.5 carboxylic acid, 5 mg57080             Cyanine5.5 maleimide, 50 mg27020             Cyanine5.5 NHS ester, 5 mg450C0            Cyanine7 amine, 25 mgB5030            Cyanine7 azide, 5 mg45090             Cyanine7 carboxylic acid, 25 mg25080             Cyanine7 maleimide, 5 mg25020             Cyanine7 NHS ester, 5 mg260C0            Cyanine7.5 amine, 5 mgB6030            Cyanine7.5 azide, 5 mg26090             Cyanine7.5 carboxylic acid, 5 mg26080             Cyanine7.5 maleimide, 5 mg26020             Cyanine7.5 NHS ester, 5 mg23320             Sulfo-Cyanine 5 NHS ester, 5 mgB1330            Sulfo-Cyanine3 azide, 5 mg21390             Sulfo-Cyanine3 carboxylic acid, 5 mg21380             Sulfo-Cyanine3 maleimide, 5 mg21320             Sulfo-Cyanine3 NHS ester, 5 mgB33B0            Sulfo-Cyanine5 alkyne, 5 mgB3330            Sulfo-Cyanine5 azide, 5 mg23390             Sulfo-Cyanine5 carboxylic acid, 5 mg23380             Sulfo-Cyanine5 maleimide, 5 mgB5330            Sulfo-Cyanine7 azide, 5 mg25390             Sulfo-Cyanine7 carboxylic acid, 5 mg45320             Sulfo-Cyanine7 NHS ester, 25 mg