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win10系统下vmware+ubuntu安装+NS-3安装
tip：本篇是NS-3安装，vmware与ubuntu安装请看系列其他文章。 ps：以下仅记录了本人安装时遇到的各类问题。仅针对ubuntu。遇到其他问题&其他类型虚拟机请参考其他文章。 文章目录 win10系统下vmware+ubuntu安装+NS-3安装前言一、安装步骤1.安装ns-3依赖2.下载NS-3安装包3.构建ns-4.测试ns- 前言信息网络建模与仿真这门课要装……具体的我也没学QAQ……好像这是个很nice的东西^ _ ^ 操作环境：VMware Workstation 15 Pro 虚拟机发行版：ubuntu-20.04.1-desktop-amd64（64位虚拟机） 安装教程：参考我的同系列文章 NS安装包：直接通过linux shell获得ns-allinone-3.32 一、安装步骤 1.安装ns-3依赖命令如下（示例）： //缺少依赖、版本冲突什么的感觉安装不起来就用aptitude指令试一试：sudo aptitude install 加上软件包 //如果没有安装aptitude就sudo apt-get install aptitude sudo apt-get install gcc g++ python python-dev //这句会说需要选中python2 而非python之类的话，那么就再输入一个命令 sudo apt-get install python2;如此类推，后面出现类似提示也这么操作 sudo apt-get install mercurial sudo apt-get install bzr sudo apt-get install gdb valgrind sudo apt-get install gsl-bin libgsl0-dev libgsl0ldbl //这句在执行时出现错误libgsl0lbdl已经废弃，可以由其他软件包libgsl2取代，那么就输入sudo apt-get install libgsl2；诸如此类，后面出现类似提示也这么操作 sudo apt-get install flex bison libfl-dev sudo apt-get install tcpdump sudo apt-get install sqlite sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev sudo apt-get install libxml2 libxml2-dev sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-dev sudo apt-get install vtun lxc sudo apt-get install uncrustify sudo apt-get install doxygen graphviz imagemagick sudo apt-get install texlive texlive-pdf texlive-latex-extra texlive-generic-extra texlive-generic-recommended //这句在执行时出现错误E：无法定位软件包texlive-pdf 把不可以定位的软件包先删掉，重新执行这个指令，安装其余软件包。 sudo apt-get install texinfo dia texlive texlive-pdf texlive-latex-extra texlive-extra-utils texlive-generic-recommended texi2html sudo apt-get install python-sphinx dia sudo apt-get install python-pygraphviz python-kiwi python-pygoocanvas libgoocanvas-dev //这里可能也会报错无法定位软件包blablabla看下面解决办法 sudo apt-get install qt4-qmake //如果这一步不行 可以改成sudo apt-get install qt5-default sudo apt-get install qt4-dev-tools //这个是后边NetAnim仿真界面需要依赖的软件包 sudo apt-get install libboost-signals-dev libboost-filesystem-dev sudo apt-get install openmpi-bin openmpi-doc libopenmpi-dev sudo apt-get install cmake libc6-dev libc6-dev-i386 libclang-dev llvm-dev automake总结出现问题解决方案 [1] 缺少依赖、版本冲突什么的安装不了用aptitude指令试一试： sudo aptitude install 加上软件包名称 [2] 没有安装aptitude sudo apt-get install aptitude [3] 需要选中python2 而非python之类：那么就再输入一个命令 sudo apt-get install python2;如此类推，后面出现类似提示也这么操作 [4] 执行时出现错误E：无法定位软件包texlive-pdf把不可以定位的软件包先删掉，重新执行原来指令-无法定位的软件包名称，安装其余软件包。 [5] 执行时出现错误libgsl0lbdl已经废弃，可以由其他软件包libgsl2取代那么就输入sudo apt-get install libgsl2；诸如此类，出现类似提示也这么操作 [6] E:无法定位软件包 python-pygoocanvas E: 无法定位软件包 libgoocanvas-devps：这个加了之后能解决很多无法定位软件包的问题 step1 安装vim sudo apt-get install vimstep2 编辑软件源文件sources.list sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.liststep3 添加源 在sources.list文件末尾添加 deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main universe restricted multiverse
step5 更新软件源 sudo apt-get updatestep6 重新安装 sudo apt-get install ……评论区有同学建议使用清华镜像源，对于没有科学上网的朋友的网速会很友好，所以给出使用清华镜像源的方式，请参考我的其他博客。 2.下载NS-3安装包参考官网： This option is for the new user who wishes to download and experiment with the most recently released and packaged version of ns-3. ns-3 publishes its releases as compressed source archives, sometimes referred to as a tarball. A tarball is a particular format of software archive where multiple files are bundled together and the archive is usually compressed. The process for downloading ns-3 via tarball is simple; you just have to pick a release, download it and uncompress it. Let’s assume that you, as a user, wish to build ns-3 in a local directory called workspace. If you adopt the workspace directory approach, you can get a copy of a release by typing the following into your Linux shell (substitute the appropriate version numbers, of course) $ cd $ mkdir workspace $ cd workspace $ wget https://www.nsnam.org/release/ns-allinone-3.32.tar.bz2 $ tar xjf ns-allinone-3.32.tar.bz2评论区给的建议：安装在/opt/nsnam目录下面，这样方便日后删除 如果你和我一样这个虚拟机只是单纯为了跑这一个软件交作业……那就当上面没说Orz Notice the use above of the wget utility, which is a command-line tool to fetch objects from the web; if you do not have this installed, you can use a browser for this step. Following these steps, if you change into the directory ns-allinone-3.32, you should see a number of files and directories $ cd ns-allinone-3.32 $ ls bake constants.py ns-3.32 README build.py netanim-3.108 pybindgen-0.21.0 util.py到这里ns-3发行版构建的准备工作就完成了 3.构建ns-前面使用tarball下载，则进入、workspace/ns-allinone-3.32/ns-3.32这个目录下面，输入 $ ./build.py --enable-examples --enable-tests等待一会…… 如果没有问题的话，最终应该看到以下以下信息： Waf: Leaving directory '/path/to/workspace/ns-allinone-3.32/ns-3.32/build' 'build' finished successfully (6m25.032s) Modules built: antenna aodv applications bridge buildings config-store core csma csma-layout dsdv dsr energy fd-net-device flow-monitor internet internet-apps lr-wpan lte mesh mobility mpi netanim (no Python) network nix-vector-routing olsr point-to-point point-to-point-layout propagation sixlowpan spectrum stats tap-bridge test (no Python) topology-read traffic-control uan virtual-net-device visualizer wave wifi wimax Modules not built (see ns-3 tutorial for explanation): brite click openflow Leaving directory ./ns-3.32关于未构建模块的部分 Modules not built (see ns-3 tutorial for explanation): brite click官网解释如下： This just means that some ns-3 modules that have dependencies on outside libraries may not have been built, or that the configuration specifically asked not to build them. It does not mean that the simulator did not build successfully or that it will provide wrong results for the modules listed as being built. 简单来说，就是没什么影响，并不意味着无法成功构建。 ok，继续跟着官网走，用waf构建 到目前为止，我们已经使用build.py脚本或 bake工具开始构建ns-3。这些工具对于构建ns-3和支持库很有用，它们调用ns-3目录来调用Waf构建工具进行实际构建。Waf的安装与ns-3源代码捆绑在一起。大多数用户迅速过渡到直接使用Waf来配置和构建ns-3。因此，要继续，请将您的工作目录更改为最初构建的ns-3目录。 这不是严格要求的，但是稍微绕道并了解如何对项目的配置进行更改将非常有价值。您可能要做的最有用的配置更改是构建代码的优化版本。默认情况下，您已经配置了项目以构建调试版本。让我们告诉项目进行优化的构建。为了向Waf解释它应该进行包括示例和测试的优化构建，您将需要执行以下命令： $ ./waf clean $ ./waf configure --build-profile=optimized --enable-examples --enable-tests等待一会后，能看见类似以下内容的输出： Setting top to : /home/ns3user/workspace/bake/source/ns-3-dev Setting out to : /home/ns3user/workspace/bake/source/ns-3-dev/build Checking for 'gcc' (C compiler) : /usr/bin/gcc Checking for cc version : 7.3.0 Checking for 'g++' (C++ compiler) : /usr/bin/g++ Checking for compilation flag -march=native support : ok Checking for compilation flag -Wl,--soname=foo support : ok Checking for compilation flag -std=c++11 support : ok Checking boost includes : headers not found, please provide a --boost-includes argument (see help) Checking boost includes : headers not found, please provide a --boost-includes argument (see help) Checking for program 'python' : /usr/bin/python Checking for python version >= 2.3 : 2.7.15 python-config : /usr/bin/python-config Asking python-config for pyembed '--cflags --libs --ldflags' flags : yes Testing pyembed configuration : yes Asking python-config for pyext '--cflags --libs --ldflags' flags : yes Testing pyext configuration : yes Checking for compilation flag -fvisibility=hidden support : ok Checking for compilation flag -Wno-array-bounds support : ok Checking for pybindgen location : ../pybindgen (guessed) Checking for python module 'pybindgen' : 0.21.0 Checking for pybindgen version : 0.21.0 Checking for code snippet : yes Checking for types uint64_t and unsigned long equivalence : no Checking for code snippet : no Checking for types uint64_t and unsigned long long equivalence : yes Checking for the apidefs that can be used for Python bindings : gcc-LP64 Checking for internal GCC cxxabi : complete Checking for python module 'pygccxml' : not found Checking for click location : not found Checking for program 'pkg-config' : /usr/bin/pkg-config Checking for 'gtk+-3.0' : not found Checking for 'libxml-2.0' : yes checking for uint128_t : not found checking for __uint128_t : yes Checking high precision implementation : 128-bit integer (default) Checking for header stdint.h : yes Checking for header inttypes.h : yes Checking for header sys/inttypes.h : not found Checking for header sys/types.h : yes Checking for header sys/stat.h : yes Checking for header dirent.h : yes Checking for header stdlib.h : yes Checking for header signal.h : yes Checking for header pthread.h : yes Checking for header stdint.h : yes Checking for header inttypes.h : yes Checking for header sys/inttypes.h : not found Checking for library rt : yes Checking for header sys/ioctl.h : yes Checking for header net/if.h : yes Checking for header net/ethernet.h : yes Checking for header linux/if_tun.h : yes Checking for header netpacket/packet.h : yes Checking for NSC location : not found Checking for 'sqlite3' : not found Checking for header linux/if_tun.h : yes Checking for python module 'gi' : 3.26.1 Checking for python module 'gi.repository.GObject' : ok Checking for python module 'cairo' : ok Checking for python module 'pygraphviz' : 1.4rc1 Checking for python module 'gi.repository.Gtk' : ok Checking for python module 'gi.repository.Gdk' : ok Checking for python module 'gi.repository.Pango' : ok Checking for python module 'gi.repository.GooCanvas' : ok Checking for program 'sudo' : /usr/bin/sudo Checking for program 'valgrind' : not found Checking for 'gsl' : not found python-config : not found Checking for compilation flag -fstrict-aliasing support : ok Checking for compilation flag -fstrict-aliasing support : ok Checking for compilation flag -Wstrict-aliasing support : ok Checking for compilation flag -Wstrict-aliasing support : ok Checking for program 'doxygen' : /usr/bin/doxygen ---- Summary of optional NS-3 features: Build profile : optimized Build directory : BRITE Integration : not enabled (BRITE not enabled (see option --with-brite)) DES Metrics event collection : not enabled (defaults to disabled) Emulation FdNetDevice : enabled Examples : enabled File descriptor NetDevice : enabled GNU Scientific Library (GSL) : not enabled (GSL not found) Gcrypt library : not enabled (libgcrypt not found: you can use libgcrypt-config to find its location.) GtkConfigStore : not enabled (library 'gtk+-3.0 >= 3.0' not found) MPI Support : not enabled (option --enable-mpi not selected) NS-3 Click Integration : not enabled (nsclick not enabled (see option --with-nsclick)) NS-3 OpenFlow Integration : not enabled (Required boost libraries not found) Network Simulation Cradle : not enabled (NSC not found (see option --with-nsc)) PlanetLab FdNetDevice : not enabled (PlanetLab operating system not detected (see option --force-planetlab)) PyViz visualizer : enabled Python API Scanning Support : not enabled (Missing 'pygccxml' Python module) Python Bindings : enabled Real Time Simulator : enabled SQlite stats data output : not enabled (library 'sqlite3' not found) Tap Bridge : enabled Tap FdNetDevice : enabled Tests : enabled Threading Primitives : enabled Use sudo to set suid bit : not enabled (option --enable-sudo not selected) XmlIo : enabled 'configure' finished successfully (6.387s) 4.测试ns-运行./test.py 来运行ns-3的测试代码，如果权限不够，就改为sudo ./test.py 稍等片刻，应该能看到如下内容： Waf: Entering directory `/path/to/workspace/ns-3-allinone/ns-3-dev/build' Waf: Leaving directory `/path/to/workspace/ns-3-allinone/ns-3-dev/build' 'build' finished successfully (1.799s) Modules built: aodv applications bridge click config-store core csma csma-layout dsdv emu energy flow-monitor internet lte mesh mobility mpi netanim network nix-vector-routing ns3tcp ns3wifi olsr openflow point-to-point point-to-point-layout propagation spectrum stats tap-bridge template test tools topology-read uan virtual-net-device visualizer wifi wimax PASS: TestSuite wifi-interference PASS: TestSuite histogram ... PASS: TestSuite object PASS: TestSuite random-number-generators 92 of 92 tests passed (92 passed, 0 failed, 0 crashed, 0 valgrind errors)接下来，常规操作helloworld来一下。 $ ./waf --run hello-simulator获得结果：
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