NFT宝典：你需要知道NFT的术语和定义

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Estimated reading time: 10min

Any views expressed in the below are the personal views of the author and should not form the basis for making investment decisions, nor be construed as a recommendation or advice to engage in investment transactions.

我们知道初入NFT世界，你可能会四处碰壁，你可能会彷徨失措。

所以，Hubbleverse来了，哈勃元宇宙为你带来NFT宝典！

这是一份NFT人必备的入门宝典，其中包含了许多你需要知道的NFT术语。从NFT小白到NFT大师，让这篇文章成为你进入NFT世界的起点！

We know getting onboarded to the NFT world can be daunting. That’s why we’ve put together the NFT Dictionary.

This is a living document that captures all the terms you’ll need to know to go from NFT confused to NFT enthused. With this in mind, remember that this document is for you.

Blockchain - 区块链 

区块链是分布式数据库，用于以公开访问的方式，安全地存储数据和信息。区块链驱动的加密货币网络不是依靠单个集中式服务器，而是在全世界的分布式设备（节点）上存储数据。

Ethereum - 以太坊

由于其规模和安全性，以太坊是Web3.0生态系统中使用的主要区块链。出于同样的原因，它是NFT最受欢迎的区块链。

Blockchain

Blockchains are distributed databases used to securely store data and information in a publicly accessible way. Rather than relying on a single centralized server, blockchain-powered crypto networks store data across distributed devices (nodes) worldwide.

Ethereum

Ethereum is the primary blockchain used in the Web3 ecosystem due to its size and security. It’s the most popular blockchain for NFTs for the same reason.

NFT - Non-Fungible Token非同质化代币

NFT是一种存在于区块链上的信息（数据）的数字代币。每个NFT都有自己的识别码和元数据。因此，NFT是独一无二且不可互换的，也就是说，它们是“不可替代的/不可伪造的”。更多详情，请点击此处阅读Hubbleverse此前发布的什么是NFT？你不会还不知道吧！

NFT Roadmap - NFT路线图 

NFT项目路线图有点像一个投资套牌。它是一份描绘NFT的目标、里程碑和战略的文件，用来传达项目的价值和效用。 

Gas Fee - 矿工费

Gas fee是个人为完成区块链上的交易而支付的费用，用于补偿区块链矿工验证区块链交易时必须使用的计算力。

NFT

An NFT is a digital token of information (data) that lives on a blockchain. Each NFT has its own identification code and metadata. As a result, NFTs are unique and non-interchangeable i.e., they are “non-fungible”.For more information, click here什么是NFT？你不会还不知道吧！

NFT Roadmap 

An NFT project roadmap is a bit like an investment deck. It’s a document that maps out the goals, milestones, and strategies of an NFT project to communicate the project’s value and utility.

Gas Fee

A gas fee is the payment individuals make to complete a transaction on a blockchain. These fees are used to compensate blockchain miners for the computing power they have to use to verify blockchain transactions.

Gas War - Gas战 

当用户为“谁的交易将在区块链的下一个区块中获得优先权”而竞争时，就会发生Gas战。 在受欢迎的NFT投放期间，Gas战很常见，因为有许多人在竞争有限的NFT。

Mint - 铸币 

简单来说，铸币是在区块链上添加、验证和记录NFT的行为。一旦铸造完成，NFT就可供公众消费，可以在公开市场上查看、购买和交易。 更多详情，请点击此处阅读Hubbleverse此前发布的听说你对Writing NFT很感兴趣？

1/1 - 独一无二

一件独一无二的艺术品或NFT是完全独家的，永远不会制造第二件。

Gas War 

A gas war happens when users compete over whose transaction gets priority in the next block of the blockchain. Gas wars are common during popular NFT drops, as many people are competing over a finite number of NFTs.

Mint 

In simple terms, minting is the act of adding, validating, and recording an NFT to the blockchain. Once minted, the NFT is available for public consumption and can be viewed, bought, and traded on the open marketplace. For more information, click here听说你对Writing NFT很感兴趣？

1/1 

A one-of-one artwork or NFT is completely exclusive, never to be made again.

Limited Edition  - 限量版 

对于限量版NFT藏品来说，可被铸造的NFT数量是有限的。许多限量藏品包含有10000个版本。

Open Edition - 开放版

对于开放版NFT藏品来说，可以铸造任意数量的NFT。但是，不要混淆“开放”和“无限”，许多开放版NFT限定了可以铸币的时间段。 

PFP - Profile Picture头像

Profile picture（PFP）NFT是一种用作个人社交媒体头像的数字代币或艺术品。 世界上许多受欢迎的NFT藏品（如CryptoPunks和Doodles）都是PFP。

Limited Edition 

A limited edition is an NFT collection in which there are a finite number of NFTs available to be minted. Many collections consist of 10,000 editions. 

Open Edition

An open edition is an NFT collection where any number of items can be minted. However, don’t confuse “open” with “unlimited.” Many open editions are only available to mint for set periods of time before they’re gone.  

PFP 

A profile picture (PFP) NFT is a digital token or artwork that is designed to be displayed as a person’s social media profile picture. Many of the world’s most popular NFT collections (like CryptoPunks and Doodles) are PFPs.

Floor Price - 底价 

一个NFT藏品的底价是整个系列的最低挂牌价。一个藏品的价值通常由其底价决定。

Whitelist - 白名单 

白名单中的用户在项目公开之前，就拥有提前购买NFT藏品的权限。白名单作为在公开发行前吸引大众的一种方式，通常规模较小，由NFT创作者精心挑选的一组用户组成。

Art Reveal - 艺术品揭幕 

艺术品揭幕往往是NFT藏品发布最激动人心的时刻，在经过一段时间的等待后，持有人和公众终于可以看到他们铸造的这份特殊的艺术品。

Floor Price 

The floor price of an NFT collection is the lowest listed price in the entire collection. The value of a collection is often dictated by its floor price.  

Whitelist 

A whitelist is a group of users who are given early access to purchase an item from an NFT collection before the project is publicly available. The whitelist is usually small in size, with a select group of users who are handpicked by the NFT creators as a way of generating interest before the public mint.

Art Reveal 

The art reveal is often the most exciting moment in an NFT collection launch where, after a period of waiting, holders and the general public can finally see the specific artwork they’ve minted.

Airdrop - 空投

Airdrop是指直接向用户的钱包分发NFT或代币，通常是免费的。独家空投被发送给特定NFT藏品或加密货币的持有者，以感谢他们的忠诚。空投是区块链项目吸引新用户或激励现有用户的一个好方法。

Hot Wallet - 热钱包

热钱包是一种在线数字钱包，它与区块链相连，你可以用它来存储、发送和接收代币。有了互联网连接和你的私钥，你就可以从任何设备，在世界的任何地方访问它。由于联着网，热钱包往往不太安全，容易受到黑客攻击。 MetaMask就属于热钱包。

Cold Wallet - 冷钱包

冷钱包是一种更安全的、离线储存的加密货币钱包。冷钱包包括纸质钱包和硬件钱包。硬件钱包是一种实体设备，许多硬件钱包的外观看起来很像U盘。

Airdrop 

Airdropping is the process of distributing NFTs or coins directly to users’ wallets, often for free. Exclusive airdrops are sent to holders of a specific NFT collection or cryptocurrency as thanks for their loyalty. Airdrops are a great way for blockchain projects to attract new users or reward existing ones for their support.

Hot Wallet

A hot wallet is a digital wallet that is kept online. It’s connected to the blockchain, allowing you to store, send, and receive tokens. It can be accessed from any device, anywhere in the world, as long as you have an internet connection and your private keys. Since they are connected to the internet, they tend to be less secure and subject to hacking. MetaMask is an example of a hot wallet.

Cold Wallet 

A cold wallet is a more secure kind of cryptocurrency wallet that is stored offline. Examples of cold wallets include paper wallets and hardware wallets. Hardware wallets are physical devices, many of which look like USB drives. 

Royalty - 版税 

版税是一个人因拥有、创造或授权作品而获得的一定金额的收益。每当有人在NFT市场中出售他们的作品时，创作者就会获得二次版税或销售价格预定百分比的收益。

Smart Contracts - 智能合约

智能合约是一个存在于区块链上的计算机程序。它由基本的“if/when…then”（如果/当……那么）语句控制。例如，“如果‘a’（事件）发生，那么执行步骤‘b’。” 一旦这些预定的条件得到满足，交易就会自动执行，并记录在区块链上。

Decentralized Applications - 去中心化应用程序

去中心化应用程序（dApps）就像你使用的任何其他网站或应用程序一样，只是这些应用程序是建立和运行在一个去中心化的网络之上的，比如Ethereum blockchain（以太坊区块链）。

DAO - Decentralized Autonomous Organization去中心化组织

DAO（去中心化自治组织）是一种通过使用智能合约在区块链上运行的组织。更多详情，请点击此处阅读Hubbleverse此前发布的如何为Web3.0世界启动完美的DAO。

Royalty 

A royalty is a set amount of proceeds that one receives in exchange for owning, creating, or licensing a work. Many NFT creators receive secondary royalties or a predetermined percentage of the sale price every time their work is sold on an NFT marketplace.

Smart Contracts

A smart contract is a computer program that lives on the blockchain. It is governed by rudimentary “if/when…then” statements. For example,  “if ‘a’ happens, then execute step ‘b.'” Once these predetermined terms are met, the transaction automatically executes and is recorded in the blockchain.

Decentralized Applications

Decentralized Applications (dApps) are just like any other website or application you use, except that these applications are built and run on top of a decentralized network, like the Ethereum blockchain.

DAO

A DAO (a decentralized autonomous organization) is a type of organization that is run on the blockchain through the use of smart contracts. For more information, click here如何为Web3.0世界启动完美的DAO。

P2E - Play-to-earn

Play-to-earn（P2E）是一种在线游戏，玩家通过在游戏中的优秀表现获得实用代币。 

Metaverse - 元宇宙

元宇宙被定义为现实和虚拟现实的融合——作为现实世界的一种数字延伸。

Discord - 通讯软件

Discord是一个语音、文本和视频即时通讯平台。用户可以在私人消息或称为“服务器”的更多公共社区中交谈和分享文件。每个服务器可包含多个聊天室。

P2E

Play-to-earn (P2E) is a type of online game where gamers are awarded utility tokens for successful game performance.

Metaverse

The metaverse is best defined as a blending of physical and virtual reality — as a kind of digital extension of the real world.

Discord 

Discord is a voice, text, and video instant messaging platform. Users can converse and share files in private messages or in more public communities called “servers.” Each server can contain a number of chat rooms.

CC0 -  Creative Commons Zero知识共享协议

Creative Commons Zero（CC0）是最自由的版权保护形式，创作者必须放弃任何版权保护，并允许公众使用、改编或从其作品中获利。 

Staking - 权益质押 

加密货币质押是指在设定的时间内，将权益证明的加密货币锁定在钱包或交易所中，以换取利息奖励的过程。加密货币被锁定的时间越长，奖励就越大。 

On-Chain - 链上  

On-chain指的是存在于区块链上的数字代币。这个术语还用于表示与区块链上的代币或合约的任何交易或互动。

CC0 

Creative Commons Zero (CC0) is the most liberal form of copyright protection in which creators must forgo any copyright protection and allow the public to use, adapt, or profit off of their work. 

Staking 

Crypto staking is the process of locking up a proof-of-stake cryptocurrency in a wallet or exchange over a set period in return for interest rewards. The longer the crypto is staked, the greater the reward. 

On-Chain  

On-chain refers to a digital token that lives on a blockchain. This term is also used to represent any transaction or interaction with a token or contract on the blockchain.