Haskell 开发平台安装及Hello World

2023-11-17 18:20| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

1 下载stack

安装Haskell开发环境首先要安装管理工具stack，在官网找到并下载，也可以直接下载下面的链接：下载Haskell文件

然后执行安装，如果安装过程中出现“add to PATH”的选项，一定要勾选。

2 修改配置

安装stack之后要修改它的配置，配置文件路径一般是：C:\sr\config.yaml 。用下面的文本替换原来的文本。

# This file contains default non-project-specific settings for 'stack', used # in all projects. For more information about stack's configuration, see # http://docs.haskellstack.org/en/stable/yaml_configuration/ # The following parameters are used by "stack new" to automatically fill fields # in the cabal config. We recommend uncommenting them and filling them out if # you intend to use 'stack new'. # See https://docs.haskellstack.org/en/stable/yaml_configuration/#templates templates: params: author-name: Your Name author-email: [email protected] category: Your Projects Category copyright: 'Copyright (c) 2022 Your Name' github-username: yourusername # The following parameter specifies stack's output styles; STYLES is a # colon-delimited sequence of key=value, where 'key' is a style name and # 'value' is a semicolon-delimited list of 'ANSI' SGR (Select Graphic # Rendition) control codes (in decimal). Use "stack ls stack-colors --basic" # to see the current sequence. # stack-colors: STYLES setup-info-locations: ["http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/stackage/stack-setup.yaml"] urls: latest-snapshot: http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/stackage/snapshots.json snapshot-location-base: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/stackage/stackage-snapshots/ package-indices: - download-prefix: http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/hackage/ hackage-security: keyids: - 0a5c7ea47cd1b15f01f5f51a33adda7e655bc0f0b0615baa8e271f4c3351e21d - 1ea9ba32c526d1cc91ab5e5bd364ec5e9e8cb67179a471872f6e26f0ae773d42 - 280b10153a522681163658cb49f632cde3f38d768b736ddbc901d99a1a772833 - 2a96b1889dc221c17296fcc2bb34b908ca9734376f0f361660200935916ef201 - 2c6c3627bd6c982990239487f1abd02e08a02e6cf16edb105a8012d444d870c3 - 51f0161b906011b52c6613376b1ae937670da69322113a246a09f807c62f6921 - 772e9f4c7db33d251d5c6e357199c819e569d130857dc225549b40845ff0890d - aa315286e6ad281ad61182235533c41e806e5a787e0b6d1e7eef3f09d137d2e9 - fe331502606802feac15e514d9b9ea83fee8b6ffef71335479a2e68d84adc6b0 key-threshold: 3 # number of keys required # ignore expiration date, see https://github.com/commercialhaskell/stack/pull/4614 ignore-expiry: no 3 安装GHC

命令行输入： stack setup

安装完成出现如下提示，即表示安装成功。

They will never be overwritten nor automatically updated. './.bashrc' -> '/home/w/.bashrc' './.bash_logout' -> '/home/w/.bash_logout' './.bash_profile' -> '/home/w/.bash_profile' './.inputrc' -> '/home/w/.inputrc' './.profile' -> '/home/w/.profile' For more information on paths, see 'stack path' and 'st ack exec env' To use this GHC and packages outside of a project, cons ider using: stack ghc, stack ghci, stack runghc, or stack exec 4 stack命令

如果只使用交互式解释器的话，可以在命令行输入stack ghci进入交互式解释器中。

全局命令

使用GHC stack ghc 交互式解释器 stack ghci

项目命令：

新建项目 stack new helloworld new-template 配置项目 stack init 编译项目 stack build 执行项目 stack exec helloworld-exe 调试项目 stack test

5 项目Hello World 5.1 创建项目

选择一个文件夹，打开命令行输入：

stack new helloWorld

将会下载模板，并提示

Downloading template "new-template" to create project "helloWorld" in helloWorld\ ... Looking for .cabal or package.yaml files to use to init the project. Using cabal packages: - helloWorld\ Selecting the best among 21 snapshots... * Matches https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/stackage/stackage-snapshots/lts/19/1.yaml Selected resolver: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/stackage/stackage-snapshots/lts/19/1.yaml Initialising configuration using resolver: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/stackage/stackage-snapshots/lts/19/1.yaml Total number of user packages considered: 1 Writing configuration to file: helloWorld\stack.yaml All done. 5.2 目录结构

进入项目文件夹 cd helloWorld 查看文件树如下 tree /F

E:. │ .gitignore │ ChangeLog.md │ helloWorld.cabal │ LICENSE │ package.yaml │ README.md │ Setup.hs │ stack.yaml │ ├─app │ Main.hs │ ├─src │ Lib.hs │ └─test Spec.hs

这里需要进行修改的主要是app/Main.hs文件和src/文件夹，其他文件在初学时可以忽略。

5.3 修改程序

这个时候就需要用vs code 进行编辑了，打开项目文件夹，可以看到在main函数引用了模块Lib中的someFunc函数。在这里插入图片描述可以将Main.hs的代码修改如下：

module Main where main :: IO () main = do putStrLn "你好，欢迎来的Haskell世界！" putStrLn "你的名字是？" name

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