CentOS 7搭建FTP服务器

2024-06-29 13:06| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

本教程在CentOS 7主机下成功部署FTP服务器并和局域网内的主机成功通信。花了一上午时间，终于在自己的CentOS 7主机下搭建好了FTP服务器，并且成功让局域网内的其他主机访问到。记录一下这里的坑：

1.关闭CentOS自带防火墙：教程见本人另一篇博客：CentOS 7.X 关闭默认防火墙

2.安装vsftpd并设置开机自启：

yum -y install vsftpd #安装vsftpd systemctl start vsftpd.service #启动vsftpd systemctl enable vsftpd.service #设置vsftpd开机自启动：

3.编辑/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf文件:

vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

我在这里贴一份我已经改好的vsftpd.conf文件，具体各个参数含义选项可自行百度：

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf # # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable. # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults. # # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options. # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's # capabilities. # # Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out). anonymous_enable=YES # # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in. # When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir local_enable=YES # userlist_deny=NO # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command. write_enable=YES # # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's) local_umask=077 # # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user. # When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access anon_upload_enable=YES # # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create # new directories. #anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES # # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory. dirmessage_enable=YES # # Activate logging of uploads/downloads. xferlog_enable=YES # # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). connect_from_port_20=YES # # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not # recommended! #chown_uploads=YES #chown_username=whoever # # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown # below. #xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog # # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format. # Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case. xferlog_std_format=YES # # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session. #idle_session_timeout=600 # # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection. #data_connection_timeout=120 # # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user. #nopriv_user=ftpsecure # # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it, # however, may confuse older FTP clients. #async_abor_enable=YES # # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the # raw file. # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol. #ascii_upload_enable=YES #ascii_download_enable=YES # # You may fully customise the login banner string: #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. # # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. #deny_email_enable=YES # (default follows) #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails # # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of # users to NOT chroot(). # (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that # the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the # chroot) #chroot_local_user=YES #chroot_list_enable=YES # (default follows) #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list # # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it. #ls_recurse_enable=YES # # When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and # listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction # with the listen_ipv6 directive. listen=YES # # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening # on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6 # and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6 # sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific # addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration # files. # Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !! #listen_ipv6=YES pam_service_name=vsftpd userlist_enable=NO tcp_wrappers=YES pasv_enable=YES #被动模式最小端口号30000 pasv_min_port=30000 #被动模式最大端口号31000 pasv_max_port=31000

然后记得保存完毕后重启vsftpd服务：

systemctl restart vsftpd.service

4.创建ftp用户：这里创建的格式是：useradd -d 目录用户名例如：

useradd -d /home/ftp ftpuser

5.设置密码：

passwd ftpuser

回车之后输入密码确认。至此，搭建FTP服务器的大部分流程已经走完，可以在Linux本机输入：

ftp localhost

试下，如果是要求输入密码，并且提示连接成功，再用常见的命令ls , dir试下。如果一点错误都没出，表明FTP服务器搭建成功。如果提示530，425之类的，再继续博客下面的操作。

6.更改ftp目录权限：拿上面的/home/ftp为例，直接输入：

chmod 777 /home/ftp

把ftp对应这个文件夹权限全部开放。

7.修改selinux配置文件：

vi /etc/selinux/config

然后把SELINUX属性改为disabled。

SELINUX=disabled

8.修改iptables配置文件

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

加入以下字段：

-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 30000:31000 -j ACCEPT

我的完整的/etc/sysconfig/iptables文件如下：

# sample configuration for iptables service # you can edit this manually or use system-config-firewall # please do not ask us to add additional ports/services to this default configuration *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0] -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 30000:31000 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMIT

然后，重启iptables服务：

systemctl restart iptables.service

至此，我既可以在本机

ftp localhost

也可以用其他主机使用这台CentOS主机的FTP服务了。参考： 1.CentOS 7 x64 搭建FTP服务器 2.CentOS 7 搭建ftp服务器 3.Linux环境下创建FTP用户 4.在linux中添加ftp用户，并设置相应的权限

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