[时态]五、一般将来时态

[一般将来时态]

释义：一般将来时态用在表示即将要发生的动作和状态的句子里面。这个动作和状态还没有发生

一般将来时最常见的两种构成方式        will、be going to 都是助动词，没有意思

        ①由助动词 "will" 构成，

        ②由助动词 "be going to" 构成

注意：在英式英语里面，当主语是 I 或者 we 的时候可以用 shall be 代替 will be

[句子构成方式] will 主系表结构的一般将来时态

        主语 + will + be + 表语 + 表示将来的时间状语，其实就是 will + be 动词原型

①人称代词主格(主语) + will be + 形容词(表语) + 时间状语

②名词(主语) + will be + 形容词(表语) + 时间状语

③人称代词主格(主语) + will be + 名词(表语) + 时间状语

④名词(主语) + will be + 名词(表语) + 时间状语

1.[人称代词主格(主语) + will be + 形容词(表语) + 时间状语] will 主系表结构的一般将来时态

 Tip: 时间状语：tomorrow        in the future

        [例1]：I will be busy tomorrow.

        [例2]：It will be big in the future.

        [例3]：You will be rich in the future.        你 / 你们将来会有钱的

        [例4]：We will be famous in the future.

2.[名词(主语) + will be + 形容词(表语) + 时间状语] will 主系表结构的一般将来时态

 Tip: 只需要考虑可数名词不能单独出现的规则即可

        [例1]：Nick will be busy tomorrow.

        [例2]：Nick and Jack will be famous in the future.

        [例3]：This book will be famous in the future.

        [例4]：Students will be happy tomorrow.        可以，但是泛指学生都开心

        [例5]：Rice will be cheap in the future.

3.[人称代词主格(主语) + will be + 名词(表语) + 时间状语] will 主系表结构的一般将来时态

 Tip: you 存在你们的意思

        [例1]：I will be her leader tomorrow.

        [例2]：You will be Nick's leaders in the future.

        [例3]：She will be my student in the future.       

        [例4]：They will be drivers in the future.

4.[名词(主语) + will be + 名词(表语) + 时间状语] will 主系表结构的一般将来时态

 Tip: 可数名词单复数问题

        [例1]：Nick will be a leader in the future.

        [例2]：Her husband will be a driver in the future.

        [例3]：My leader will be a student tomorrow.

        [例4]：My students will be leaders in the future.

[一般疑问句] will 主系表结构的一般将来时态

 Tip: 只要把助动词 will 移动到句首，然后 be 的位置保持不变即可

        [例1]：I will be a teacher next year.

        [例1]：Will you be a teacher next year ?

        [例1]：Yes，I will.        No，I will not / won't.

        [例2]：You will be beautiful tomorrow.

        [例2]：Will I be a beautiful tomorrow ?

        [例2]：Yes，You will.        No，You will not / won't.

[否定句] will 主系表结构的一般将来时态

 Tip: 直接在 will 后面加 not，一般缩写为 won't，be 的位置保持不变

        [例1]：I will be her leader tomorrow.

        [例1]：I will not be her leader tomorrow.

        [例2]：I will be busy tomorrow.

        [例2]：I will not be busy tomorrow.

        [例3]：This book will be famous in the future.

        [例3]：This book will not be famous in the future.

        [例4]：My leader will be a student tomorrow.

        [例4]：My leader will not be a student tomorrow.

[句子构成方式] will 主谓宾结构的一般将来时态

 Tip: 主谓宾动作型句子变将来时，只要在谓语动词原型前面加 will，然后加上将来的时间状语即可

        will + 实义动词 = 复合谓语

①人称代词主格(主语) + will + 不及物动词原型(复合谓语) + 时间状语

②名词(主语) + will + 不及物动词原型(复合谓语) + 时间状语

③人称代词主格(主语) + will + 及物动词原型(复合谓语) + 宾语 +时间状语

④名词(主语) + will + 及物动词原型(复合谓语) + 宾语 + 时间状语

1.[人称代词主格(主语) + will + 不及物动词原型(复合谓语) + 时间状语]

        will 主谓宾结构的一般将来时态

        [例1]：I will travel tomorrow.

        [例2]：You will smile tomorrow.

        [例3]：She will rest tomorrow.

        [例4]：They will swim tomorrow.

2.[名词(主语) + will + 不及物动词原型(复合谓语) + 时间状语] will 主谓宾结构的一般将来时态

        [例1]：Nick will travel tomorrow.

        [例2]：Your students will smile tomorrow.

        [例3]：My leader will rest tomorrow.

        [例4]：Their doctor will swim tomorrow.

3.[人称代词主格(主语) + will + 及物动词原型(复合谓语) + 宾语 +时间状语] 

        will 主谓宾结构的一般将来时态

        [例1]：It will clean Nick's office tomorrow.

        [例2]：She will help me.

        [例3]：They will bake corn tomorrow.

        [例4]：It will catch mice tomorrow.

4.[名词(主语) + will + 及物动词原型(复合谓语) + 宾语 + 时间状语]  

        will 主谓宾结构的一般将来时态

        [例1]：My daughters will clean Nick's office tomorrow.

        [例2]：His wife will help me.

        [例3]：The girl will bake corn tomorrow.

        [例4]：It will catch mice tomorrow.

[一般疑问句] will 主谓宾结构的一般将来时态

 Tip: 把 will 移到句首

        [例1]：My daughters will clean Nick's office tomorrow.

        [例1]：Will  your daughters clean Nick's office tomorrow.

        [例1]：Yes，She will.        No，She  will not / won't.

        [例2]：His wife will help me.

        [例2]：Will his wife help me.

        [例2]：Yes，She  will.        No，She  will not / won't.

[否定句] will 主谓宾结构的一般将来时态

 Tip: 把 will 后面加 not，won't

        [例1]：I will buy a house next year.

        [例1]：I will not buy a house next year.

        [例2]：He will find a job this summer.

        [例2]：He won't find a job shit summer.

[时间状语] 一般将来时态的时间状语

 Tip: 可以直接使用表示将来的时间副词，

        tomorrow        tonight        the day after tomorrow        tomorrow morning       

        tomorrow evening

大部分表示将来的时间状语，都是由介词或副词跟其他词语构的

① next + 表示时间名词的单数

        [例1]：I will travel next year.

        [例2]：We will buy a house next life.

        [例3]：We will be rich next month.

② after + 具体时间点 (...之后)

 Tip: after + 具体的时间点

        after work 下班后        after school 放学后        after class 下课后

        (1) after + 几点钟的数词

            after 12:00 12点之后       after 5:30

        (2) after + 几岁

            几岁：one year old        18 years old        three months old

            after 35 years old        after 20 years old        after three months old 三个月大的时候

        (3) after + 表示将来的年份的数词，或表示月份，星期，节日的词语

             after 2023        after May        after Sunday        after Christmas 圣诞节之后

注意：after + 一段时间，也就是 after + 数词 + 表示时间名词的复数，

        或者 after + one / a / an + 表示时间名词单数，也可以构成时间状语。

        但是，这种介词短语不能用在将来时态：

        [例1]：I will be happy after three days.        这个句子存在语法错误

        这种短语可以用在过去时态，

        [例1]：I bought a house after three days. 

I went to Guangdong to make money in 2007，and I bought a house after three years.

③ in + 一段时间 (...之后)

 Tip: after three days 过去的某个时间点算起的三天之后 用在一般过去时态

        in three days 现在的时间点算起的三天之后 用在一般将来时态

        in five days        in ten years        in an hour        in one day        in a year

        in three minutes        in a few days        in a week

        [例1]：I wil buy a house in three days.

        (1) in + 将来的月份或者年份 (在...)

        in 2023        in June  

        [例2]：We will buy the house in 2023.

④ later (...之后)

 Tip: 数词 + 时间名词复数 + later        a / an / one + 时间名词单数 + later

        主要用在过去时态

        three days later        a week later        ten months later 十个月之后

[句子构成方式] be going to 主系表结构的一般将来时态

 Tip: be going to = will        be going to当作一个助动词

        具有三种格式：

        am going to        is going to        are going to

        当主语是 I 的时候用 am going to

        当主语是 第三人称单数 的时候用 is going to

        当主语是 you或者复数 的时候用 are going to

[主语 + be going to + be + 表语 + 表示将来的时间状语] be going to 主系表结构的一般将来时态

        [例1]：I am going to be busy tomorrow.

        [例2]：You are going to be happy tomorrow.

        [例3]：She is going to be famous in the future.

[一般疑问句] be going to 主系表结构的一般将来时态

 Tip: 将 am going to        is going to        are going to 中的 "be" 移动到句子开头

        [例1]：I am going to be a teacher next year.

        [例1]：Are you going to be a teacher next year ?

        [例1]：Yes，I am.        No，I am not.

        [例2]：She is going to be a manager next month.

        [例2]：Is she going to be a manager next month ?

        [例2]：Yes，she is.        No，she isn't.

        [例3]：We are going to be rich in the future.

        [例3]：Are you going to be rich in the future ?        你们在未来会有钱吗？

        [例3]：Yes，we are.        No，we are not.

[否定句] be going to 主系表结构的一般将来时态

 Tip: 在 am going to        is going to        are going to 中的 "be"后面加 "not"

        [例1]：I am going to be a teacher next year.

        [例1]：I am not going to be a teacher next year.

        [例2]：She is going to be a manager next month.

        [例2]：She is not going to be a manager next month.

        [例3]：We are going to be rich in the future.

        [例3]：We are not going to be rich in the future.

[句子构成方式] be going to 主谓宾结构的一般将来时态

①主语 + is / are / am going to + 不及物动词原型 + 状语 

        [例1]：I am going to travel tomorrow.

        [例2]：You are going to smile tomorrow.

        [例3]：She is going to rest tomorrow.

②主语 + is / are / am going to + 及物动词原型 + 宾语 + 状语 

        [例1]：It is going to clean Nick's office tomorrow.

        [例2]：They are going to bake corn tomorrow.

        [例3]：I am going to catch mice tomorrow.

[一般疑问句 / 否定句] be going to 主谓宾结构的一般将来时态

        与 be going to 主系表 变化一致

will 与 be going to的区别

在特定情况下 will 强调一种意愿，意志

                        be going to 表达将来或者比较确定即将发生的动作或状态