华为ensp实验

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华为ensp实验

2023-06-29 04:52| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

动态协议（RIP）简介：（路由信息协议）

特点：

1，rip计算路由得特点：一条路由能够传递给15跳设备，16跳不可达。

2，rip协议分为两个版本，版本之间无法兼容

3，rip通过跳数计算开销值

4，启用rip协议的路由开启的三个计时器：

（1）更新计时器：30S，启用rip协议的设备每隔30S进行更新一次路由

（2）无效计时器：180S，当经过180S后还未收到更新报文时，会将路由标机为16跳

（3）收集计时器：120S，当经过120S后16跳设备还未收到更新时，直接删除路由表

5，版本不同点：

（1）RIPV1 ------ 路由更新时，不会携带掩码信息，只能根据A，B，C类地址默认进行区分，路由采用广播方式进行更新

（2）RIPV2 ------ 路由更新时携带掩码信息，采用组播方式进行路由更新224.0.0.9，路由重分布，路由认证

1，拓扑图

华为ensp实验——RIP_组播

PC1和PC2

华为ensp实验——RIP_Ethernet_02

AR1：system-view [Huawei]sysname AR1 [AR1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.47.1.254 24 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 12.47.1.1 24 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR1] [AR1]rip # 主类网段宣告 # A类：0-127 --8 # B类：128-191 --16 # C类：192-223 --32 [AR1-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0 [AR1-rip-1]network 172.47.0.0 # 修改版本为V2 [AR1-rip-1]verify-source [AR1-rip-1]version 2AR2：system-view [Huawei]sysname AR2 [AR2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.47.2.254 24 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.47.1.2 24 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR2] [AR2]rip [AR2-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0 [AR2-rip-1]network 172.47.0.0 [AR2-rip-1]verify-source [AR2-rip-1]version 2

访问测试：PC1与PC2测试通信

华为ensp实验——RIP_链路_03

2，拓扑图

华为ensp实验——RIP_链路_04

AR1[AR1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 13.47.1.1 24 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR1]interface Serial 2/0/0 [AR1-Serial2/0/0]ip address 12.47.1.1 24 [AR1-Serial2/0/0]q [AR1]rip [AR1-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0 [AR1-rip-1]network 172.47.0.0 [AR1-rip-1]network 13.0.0.0 # 修改开销 [AR1]interface s2/0/0 [AR1-Serial2/0/0]rip metricout 10AR3system-view [Huawei]sysname AR3 [AR3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 13.47.1.3 24 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.47.1.3 24 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR3] [AR3]rip [AR3-rip-1]network 13.0.0.0 [AR3-rip-1]network 23.0.0.0 [AR3-rip-1]verify-source [AR3-rip-1]version 2AR2[AR2]interface Serial 1/0/0 [AR2-Serial1/0/0]ip address 12.47.1.2 24 [AR2-Serial1/0/0]q [AR2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 23.47.1.2 24 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR2]rip [AR2-rip-1]network 23.0.0.0 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR2]interface s1/0/0 [AR2-Serial1/0/0]rip metricout 10

修改开销之前与之后对比：

华为ensp实验——RIP_Ethernet_05

IS-IS协议

中间系统到中间系统

1，动态链路状态协议，在于链路上传递链路状态单元

2，路由更新方式：触发式组播更新方式，组播MAC地址：

0180-C200-0014(LEVEL),0180-C200-0015(LEVEL-2)

3，ISIS协议优先级默认为15，开销值：每条链路开销默认为10

4，ISIS路由器的等级分类：

（1）level-1的路由器，只能根据相同区域的level-1与level-1-2设备简历邻居关系

（2）level-1-2的路由器。只能根据相同区域的level-1与不相同区域的level-2建立邻居关系

（3）level-2的路由器，只能根据相同区域的level-1与不同区域的level-2建立邻居关系

拓扑图

华为ensp实验——RIP_组播_06

实验实施AR1system-view [Huawei]sysname AR1 [AR1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.47.1.1 24 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 13.47.1.1 24 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR1]interface LoopBack 0 [AR1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.47.1.1 24 [AR1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.47.2.1 24 sub [AR1-LoopBack0]q [AR1]isis [AR1-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0001.00 [AR1-isis-1]is-level level-2 [AR1-isis-1]q [AR1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis enable [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR1]interface LoopBack 0 [AR1-LoopBack0]isis enable [AR1-LoopBack0]qAR2system-view [Huawei]sysname AR2 [AR2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.47.1.2 24 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 24.47.1.1 24 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR2]isis [AR2-isis-1]network-entity 49.0002.0000.0000.0002.00 [AR2-isis-1]q [AR2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis enable [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR2]AR3system-view [Huawei]sysname AR3 [AR3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 13.47.1.2 24 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR3] [AR3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 34.47.1.1 24 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR3]isis [AR3-isis-1]network-entity 49.000.0000.0000.0003.002 [AR3-isis-1]q [AR3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis enable [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR3]AR4system-view [Huawei]sysname AR4 [AR4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 24.47.1.2 24 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 34.47.1.2 24 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR4] [AR4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 45.47.1.1 24 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q [AR4] [AR4]isis [AR4-isis-1]network-entity 49.0002.0000.0000.0004.00 [AR4-isis-1] [AR4-isis-1]is-level level-2 [AR4-isis-1] [AR4-isis-1]is-level level-1 [AR4-isis-1] [AR4-isis-1]q [AR4] [AR4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR4] [AR4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis enable [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR4]AR5system-view [Huawei]sysname AR5 [AR5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 45.47.1.2 24 [AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR5]interface LoopBack 0 [AR5-LoopBack0]ip address 192.47.5.5 24 [AR5-LoopBack0]q [AR5] [AR5]isis [AR5-isis-1]network-entity 49.0002.0000.0000.0005.00 [AR5-isis-1]is-level level-1 [AR5-isis-1]q [AR5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable [AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR5]interface LoopBack 0 [AR5-LoopBack0]isis enable [AR5-LoopBack0]q [AR5]

查看AR1的路由表有没有学到AR5

华为ensp实验——RIP_链路_07

查看AR4和AR5有没有学到默认路由0.0.0.0

华为ensp实验——RIP_组播_08

华为ensp实验——RIP_组播_09

新需求：172.1路由通过AR2发送

172.2路由通过AR3发送

[AR2]ip ip-prefix AR4 permit 172.47.1.0 24 [AR2]isis [AR2-isis-1]import-route isis level-2 into level-1 filter-policy ip-prefix AR4 [AR2-isis-1]q [AR2][AR3]ip ip-prefix AR4 permit 172.47.2.0 24 [AR3]isis [AR3-isis-1]import-route isis level-2 into level-1 filter-policy ip-prefix AR4 [AR3-isis-1]q [AR3]

进行查看：

华为ensp实验——RIP_链路_10

ISIS+RIP拓扑图

华为ensp实验——RIP_组播_11

相关配置AR1system-view [Huawei]sysname AR1 [AR1]isis [AR1-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0001.00 [AR1-isis-1] [AR1-isis-1]q [AR1] [AR1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.47.1.1 24 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR1] [AR1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 13.47.1.1 24 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis enable [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR1] [AR1]interface LoopBack 0 [AR1-LoopBack0]ip address 1.47.1.1 24 [AR1-LoopBack0]isis enable [AR1-LoopBack0]q [AR1]AR2[AR2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.47.1.2 24 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 24.47.1.1 24 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR2] [AR2]isis [AR2-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00 [AR2-isis-1]q [AR2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable [AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR2] [AR2]rip [AR2-rip-1]version 2 [AR2-rip-1]network 24.0.0.0 [AR2-rip-1]q [AR2]isis [AR2-isis-1]import-route rip [AR2-isis-1]q [AR2] [AR2]rip [AR2-rip-1]import-route isis [AR2-rip-1]q [AR2]AR3system-view [Huawei]sysname AR3 [AR3] [AR3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 13.47.1.2 24 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 34.47.1.1 24 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR3] [AR3]isis [AR3-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0003.00 [AR3-isis-1]q [AR3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR3]rip [AR3-rip-1]version 2 [AR3-rip-1]network 34.0.0.0 [AR3-rip-1]q [AR3]isis [AR3-isis-1]import-route rip [AR3-isis-1]q [AR3] [AR3]rip [AR3-rip-1]import-route isis [AR3-rip-1]q [AR3]AR4system-view [Huawei]sysname AR4 [AR4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 24.47.1.2 24 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [AR4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 34.47.1.2 24 [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [AR4] [AR4]interface LoopBack 0 [AR4-LoopBack0]ip address 4.47.4.4 24 [AR4-LoopBack0]q [AR4] [AR4]rip [AR4-rip-1]version 2 [AR4-rip-1]network 24.0.0.0 [AR4-rip-1]network 34.0.0.0 [AR4-rip-1]network 4.0.0.0 [AR4-rip-1]q [AR4]

进行查看路由检查AR2/AR3是否学到1.47和4.47

[AR2]display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 14 Routes : 14 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 1.47.1.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.47.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 4.47.4.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 24.47.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 12.47.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 12.47.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 12.47.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 12.47.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 13.47.1.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 12.47.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 24.47.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 24.47.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 24.47.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 24.47.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 34.47.1.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 84 D 12.47.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 [AR2][AR3]display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 14 Routes : 14 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 1.47.1.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 13.47.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 4.47.4.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 84 D 13.47.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 12.47.1.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 13.47.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 13.47.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 13.47.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 13.47.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 13.47.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 24.47.1.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 84 D 13.47.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 34.47.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 34.47.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 34.47.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 34.47.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 [AR3]

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