励志传记(当今奇人周兴和)第五章第一节

成都周边狼烟起

Smoke rising around Chengdu

夜空混沌，旷野迷朦。田野中，星罗棋布的火堆在肆无忌惮地燃烧；空气里，弥漫着一股呛人的烟雾。周兴和打开汽车大灯，缓缓行进在空旷的田野中。接连几天晚上，周兴和都带着报社的记者，在成都郊县的田间地头做起调查研究来。

The night sky was chaotic, and the wilderness was hazy. The farm fields were dotted with fires burning unbridled; the air was thick with choking smoke. Zhou Xinghe turned on the headlights and drived slowly through the open fields. For several nights, Zhou Xinghe and the newspaper journalists were out in the fields of suburban Chengdu.

天赐良机！

A godsend opportunity!

冥冥之中，周兴和发明以秸秆作为主要原材料的绿色建材，似乎印证了中国的一句成语：得道多助，失道寡助——这个“道”，笔者理解，应该是指的是天意民意。

Zhou Xinghe invented the green building materials with straw as the main raw material, which seemed to confirm the Chinese proverb: A just cause has many helpers while an unjust one finds few followers. This "justice", as the author understands, should refer to the will of heaven and public opinion.

1998年5月14日，《成都晚报》以《市郊浓烟又起》为题报道：“昨日晚，本报热线电话接连不断，几乎全是反映市郊农民焚烧麦秆的情况。西南航空公司飞行部赖先生告知记者，由于烟雾弥漫，两架准备在成都降落的民航班机只好飞往重庆降落。

On May 14, 1998, Chengdu Evening News reported under the title "Suburban Smoke Rises Again": "Yesterday evening, our hotline calls were ringing continuously, almost all of which were about the burning of straw by suburban farmers. Mr. Lai of Southwest Airlines Flight Department told the journalist that because of the smoke, two commercial flights scheduled to land in Chengdu had to land in Chongqing.

“一位家住金花附近的居民来电说，天刚一黑，农民便点燃了堆放在田中的麦秆，顿时烟雾便升腾起来。另一位家住双流的居民来电说，到晚上10许，整个双流县城极其附近都成了烟雾弥漫的区域，居民们要紧闭门窗，根本不敢出门。一位西南航空的飞行员来电告诉记者，他8点过驾驶飞机降落双流机场时，已见机场被烟雾笼罩，到9点过就根本看不清跑道了。飞行值班的赖先生告诉记者，到晚上9点过，机场的能见度因为烟雾已低于800米，不仅飞机无法降落，还给航路指挥、飞机加油，以及旅客、飞行员住宿等都带来了极大麻烦……”

"A resident living near Jinhua called to say that as soon as it was dark, the farmer ignited the straw stacked in the field, causing the smoke to rise immediately. Another resident of Shuangliu said, by 10 p.m., the whole county and its surrounding area had become a smoke-filled area, and the residents had to close their doors and windows and were afraid to go out. A Southwest Airlines pilot called to tell the journalist that when he landed at Shuangliu just after 8 p.m., he saw the airport was shrouded in smoke and could not see the runway at all by 9 p.m. Mr. Lai on flight duty told the journalist that by 9 p.m., the visibility of the airport had been less than 800 meters because of the smoke, which not only caused the plane could not land, but also bring great trouble for the route command, aircraft refueling, and passengers, pilots accommodation and so on..."

1998年5月15日，《成都晚报》又以《满城烟雾笼罩，市民怨声四起》为题报道：“昨晚市郊浓烟又笼罩全城，记者电话从晚上8点到11点不停响起，而传来的是同样的抱怨声：‘你们出来看看，这满城的烟雾，太让人难受了。’出门一转，满城浓浓的烟雾弥漫天空，住宅区里不时传来‘关窗、关窗’的喊声。四川大学的老师11点还打电话来说，校园里烟雾呛人，令人难以入睡，有些人不停咳嗽，有些感到胸闷……”

On May 15, 1998, Chengdu Evening News reported again under the title "Smoke Shrouding the City, Citizens' Complaints Are Everywhere": "Last night, the thick smog enveloped the city again. The journalist's phone rang from 8 p.m. to 11 p.m., and the same complaints came: 'Come out and have a look, the smoke shrouding the city is very disturbing.' As soon as I left the house, I saw the sky was filled with thick smoke, and the sound of 'shut the windows' came from the residential quarters. A teacher from Sichuan University called at 11 p.m. to say that the choking smoke on campus made it difficult to fall asleep, and that some people were coughing and feeling chest tightness..."

紧接着，成都市委办公厅、市人民政府办公厅发出《关于禁止焚烧农作物秸秆的紧急通知》。《通知》讲了焚烧秸秆的普遍现象和巨大危害，严令各区县政府采取严厉措施，禁止秸秆的焚烧，并措辞严厉地提出，对禁而不止的要依法坚决查处！

Then, the General Office of Chengdu Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal People's Government issued the "Emergency Notice on Banning the Burning of Crop Straw". The "Notice" talked about the widespread phenomenon of burning straw and great harm, strictly ordered all district and county governments to take strict measures to prohibit the burning of straw, and worded strictly to reqiure the resolute investigation and punishment according to the law!

周兴和很敏锐，当他第一眼看见报上关于市郊大量焚烧秸秆、影响飞机降落和污染环境的报道，立即意识到这件事和他事业的重要关联，他发明的以秸秆作原材料的新型建材项目，对于解决秸秆焚烧问题，提供了一个天赐的良机！于是，接连好几天，为了掌握第一手资料，一到天黑，他就拉上报纸或电视台的记者，奔忙于田野之间。他要调查了解起关于秸秆焚烧屡禁不止的真正原因，以及能切实解决这个的问题的办法来。

Zhou Xinghe was very sharp. When he first saw the newspaper report on a large number of burning straw in the suburb, and affecting the land and polluting the environment, he was immediately aware of the importance of this matter and his career; his invention of new building materials needed the straw as raw material, which provided a heaven-sent opportunity to solve the problem of straw burning! So, for days on end, in order to get the first-hand information, he rushed from field to field with journalists from newspapers or television stations as soon as it was dark. He wanted to investigate the real reasons for the persistence of straw burning and find out how to solve the problem.

周兴和知道，中国有句古话：叫住“法不责众”，市政府的这个紧急通知，面对铺天盖地轰轰烈烈的秸秆焚烧，恐怕只是一纸空文而已！

Zhou Xinghe knew that there was an old saying in China: "The law does not punish numerous offenders." This urgent notice from the municipal government might be just a piece of paper in the face of overwhelming and vigorous straw burning.

情况正如周兴和所料。

The situation was just as Zhou Xinghe expected.

在《通知》发出后的第3天，1998年5月18日，《成都商报》以《“农烟”延误61个航班，创我国民航史之“最”——成都紧急禁“烟”》为题再次做了报道：“截止昨日下午2时，农民焚烧秸秆产生的浓烟已使双流国际机场37个航班延误或取消，加上前晚被迫取消昨天补班的4个航班，导致了一天之内61个航班无法正常飞行的严重事件。昨日，省市环保局组成的联合调查组对浓烟进行了调查称：近期情况表明，焚烧秸秆的状况已不仅限于我市某些区县，不排除整个成都平原及周边地区都在焚烧的可能性；加之我市地处四川盆地‘锅底’的特殊地理环境，致使笼罩我市上空的烟雾一时无法散开，越积越多，终于在昨日达到非常严重的地步……”

In the 3rd day after the "Notice" issued, on May 18, 1998, Chengdu Commercial Daily reported under the title "Smoke Delayed 61 Flights, Creating New Record in China’s Civil Aviation History - Chengdu Bans Smoke Emergently": "As of yesterday at 2 p.m., the farmers burning straw to produce smoke has delayed or cancelled 37 flights of Shuangliu International Airport, plus 4 flights of yesterday forced to be cancelled the night before last night, causing the serious incident that 61 flights can't fly normally in one day. Yesterday, the provincial and municipal environmental protection bureau formed a joint investigation team to investigate the smoke and said: the recent conditions show that the burning of straw has not been limited to some districts and counties in the city, and it do not rule out the possibility that the entire Chengdu Plain and the surrounding areas are burning straws; in addition, our city is located in the bottom of Sichuan Basin, and the special geographical environment makes the smog over our city can not disperse for a while, but gather together more and more, so that finally reached a very serious condition yesterday..."

一时间、四川、成都，乃至中央电视台等所有媒体，都加入了这场关于秸秆焚烧污染环境、影响飞机起降、影响市民健康的报道之中，呼吁有关部门尽快解决这个问题。这些报道以《农民好像吃了豹子胆，秸秆照烧不误》、《成都周边狼烟四起，双流机场望烟兴叹》、《秸秆焚烧屡禁不止，成都早晚沦为烟城》等触目惊心的字眼为标题。到了收割季节的傍晚，各区县至少组织上万人在田间地头巡查——可，广大地域上的农民们和政府工作人员打起了游击战和麻雀战：你进我退，你退我烧、你疲我扰，照烧不误，令你防不胜防。

All of a sudden, Sichuan, Chengdu and even CCTV and other media joined in the report on the pollution caused by straw burning, affecting the takeoff and landing of aircraft and affecting the health of citizens, calling on relevant departments to solve the problem as soon as possible. These reports were titled with such shocking words as "The farmers are bold and the straw is still burning", "The smoke around Chengdu is everywhere and Shuangliu Airport could just sign toward the smoke", and "The straw burning continues despite the prohibition and Chengdu becomes a city of smoke sooner or later". By the evening of the harvest season, at least ten thousand people were patrolling the fields in all districts and countys - but the farmers conducted the guerrilla warfare and sparrow warfare with the government workers in the vast field: you come and I retreat, you retreat and I burn, you are tired and I harass, burning straws by all means and making you impossible to work effectively.

更为严重的是，1998年5月15日，国务院总理朱镕基到四川检查工作，由于农民焚烧秸秆造成浓烟，使总理乘坐的专机都无法降落双流机场，不得不返飞北京。就在同一天，朱总理在四川省委的情况报告上批示“还可以去四川试点，四川稻草成灾，正好综合利用。此件送请世杰、宝瑞同志阅。”

What’s more serious was that on May 15, 1998, Premier Zhu Rongji went to Sichuan to inspect. Due to the smoke caused by the burning of straw by farmers, the special plane of Premier Zhu could not land at Shuangliu Airport and had to return to Beijing. On the same day, Premier Zhu instructed on the situation report of Sichuan Provincial Party Committee that "it can also go to Sichuan for a pilot project; Sichuan straw has been a disaster, and is just suitable for the comprehensive utilization. Please send this document to Mr. Xie Shijie and Song Baorui."

1998年7月3日，朱镕基总理又到四川视察洪灾情况，住在金牛宾馆。晚上，省委书记谢世杰、省长宋宝瑞对总理说：总理啊，晚饭后是不是出去散散步呢？四川的环境还是比较优雅的。

On July 3, 1998, Premier Zhu Rongji went to Sichuan to inspect the flood situation and stayed at Jinniu Hotel. In the evening, Provincial Party Secretary Xie Shijie and Governor Song Baorui said to the Premier: Mr. Premier, shall we go out for a walk after dinner? The environment in Sichuan is elegant.

可当朱总理刚走到宾馆外的郎家村，就看到了田野里到处焚烧秸秆的场面，他不由得停住了脚步。这场面大概令他想起一个多月前，飞机在成都不能降落返飞北京的事情。他皱了皱眉头说：还说你们四川的环境优雅，你们看，到处烧得乌烟瘴气的！四川两位领导受了总理批评，连忙解释道：我们采取了很多措施，正在想办法解决。朱总理说：这个问题已经很严重了，要尽快想办法解决。两位领导连忙答道：是是是，我们尽快想办法解决。停了停，朱总理想了想说道：国家给你们1000万，尽快想办法解决秸秆焚烧这个大问题。

But as soon as Premier Zhu reached Langjia Village outside the hotel, he saw the burning of straw in the fields. He could not help stopping. The scene probably reminded him of the situation more than a month ago, when the plane couldn't land in Chengdu and fly back to Beijing. He frowned and said: You said that Sichuan environment is elegant, but you see, everywhere burns the straw and the smoke is just like the miasma! The two Sichuan leaders, criticized by the Premier, quickly explained: We have taken a lot of measures and are trying to solve the problem. Premier Zhu said: This problem is very serious, and we should solve it as soon as possible. Two leaders hurriedly answered: Yes, we are trying. After a pause, Premier Zhu thought for a moment and said, "The state will give you 10 million yuan. Try to solve the problem of straw burning as soon as possible.

可要解决成都平原几千年来秸秆焚烧的问题，谈何容易！

But it was not easy to solve the problem of straw burning in Chengdu Plain which had been lasted for thousands of years.

过去成都平原人烟相对稀少，也没有工业烟尘和汽车尾气的污染，天上更没有飞机降落，所以矛盾还不是那么突出，也就无人过问。可而今，连国家总理都亲自过问，下令要解决这个问题了。

In the past, the Chengdu Plain was relatively sparsely populated, free of industrial smoke and automobile exhaust pollution, and free of aircraft in the sky. But now, even the prime minister himself had ordered to solve the problem.

而今，周兴和驾着车，依然缓缓行进在田野中。

At the moment, Zhou Xinghe was driving slowly in the fields.

尽管媒体连篇累牍关于焚烧秸秆污染环境的报道，尽管政府的禁令措辞严厉，政府工作人员工作也很卖力，但周兴和与记者们行进在附近郊县的田野中，秸秆焚烧的火堆仍然星罗棋布，浓烟依然遮天避月，火堆边不时晃动着几个人影，一见远处有车有人到来，像当年躲避日本人“大扫荡”一样，立即消失得无影无踪。

Despite the media reports of environmental pollution by the burning of straw, despite the government banning sternly, and the government staff worked very hard, but when Zhou Xinghe marched with journalists in the field near the suburban counties, the straw burning fires were still dotted in the field, and the smoke still covered the sky and moon; there were a few figures shaking beside the fire from time to time, but when they saw someone or car came from the distance, they immediately disappeared without a trace like to run away from the Japanese "sweeping" in the war years.

过后两三天，周兴和也学聪明了，远远看见火堆，就停了车熄了火，一个人慢慢朝火堆和烧火的人影走去，他想和这些农民兄弟们好好交谈交谈……

After two or three days, Zhou Xinghe also learned to be smart. Seeing the fire from afar, he stopped his car and stalled, slowly walked towards the fire and the figure burning straws, and just wanted to have a conversation with those farmers...