VOA慢速英语：要想学习好，早餐得吃好！

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.

这里是美国之音慢速英语《健康与生活方式报道》。

It is back to school time in much of the world. Calm, easy mornings are replaced with busy, hurried ones. Children wake up early and get ready for school. Many parents are also getting ready for work, helping their children and preparing food for lunches.

在世界大部分地区，现在是上学时间。平静、轻松的早晨被忙碌、匆忙的早晨所取代。孩子们早早起床，准备上学。许多父母也在忙着为工作做准备、帮助孩子们和准备午餐的食物。

But, don't forget about breakfast!

但是，别忘了早餐!

When things get wildly busy in the morning, some people skip breakfast to save time. But that may be a big mistake for students.

当早上事情变得异常忙碌时，有些人为了节省时间而不吃早餐。但这对学生来说可能是一个很大的错误。

Whether at home, on the way to school or at school -- eating something healthy for breakfast may help a student get better grades.

无论是在家里，在去学校的路上还是在学校——早餐吃点健康的东西，可以帮助学生取得更好的成绩。

Welsh study

威尔士的研究

That is the finding of a 2015 study from Cardiff University in Wales. Researchers there looked at 5000 9-11 year-olds from more than 100 primary schools in the U.K. They looked at what the students ate for breakfast and then their grades six to 18 months later.

这是威尔士卡迪夫大学2015年一项研究的发现。研究人员调查了英国100多所小学的5000名9至11岁的学生。他们调查了这些学生早餐吃什么，然后在6至18个月后观察他们的成绩。

They found that the students who ate a healthy breakfast were twice as likely to perform above average in educational activities. The researchers also found that unhealthy breakfasts - such as potato chips or a donut did not appear helpful to educational performance.

他们发现，吃健康早餐的学生在教育活动中表现高于平均水平的可能性是其他人的两倍。研究人员还发现，不健康的早餐，如薯片或甜甜圈，似乎对学习成绩没有帮助。

In 2013, an organization in the United States, also looked at possible connections between breakfast and student success in school. The Share Our Strength's campaign, No Kid Hungry, found that on average students who ate breakfast provided by their school attended 1.5 more days of school per year. These students also scored 17.5 percent higher on standardized math tests.

2013年，美国的一个组织也研究了早餐和学生在校成绩之间的可能联系。“分享我们的力量”的活动——“不让孩子挨饿”发现，吃学校提供早餐的学生平均每年多上学1.5天。这些学生在标准化数学测试中的成绩也高出17.5%。

How many children do not eat breakfast?

有多少孩子不吃早餐?

But, are there really that many children who do not eat breakfast? The answer is yes.

但是，真的有那么多孩子不吃早餐吗?答案是肯定的。

Experts at HealthyChildren.org say that in the United States about 8 to 12 percent of all students in grade school (Kindergarten through 8th grade) do not eat breakfast. By the time students are in high school (grades 9 - 12), 20 to 30 percent of them ignore the morning meal.

HealthyChildren.org网站的专家说，在美国，大约8%到12%的小学生(幼儿园到八年级)不吃早餐。到了高中阶段(9 - 12年级)，20%到30%的学生忽略了早餐。

In Canada, researchers at the University of Waterloo looked at the eating habits of 42,000 students during the 2014-15 school year. The students represented 87 grade schools in Alberta and Ontario. The study found that "39 percent of students reported eating breakfast fewer than three days in a usual school week."

在加拿大，滑铁卢大学的研究人员调查了2014- 2015学年4.2万名学生的饮食习惯。这些学生代表了阿尔伯塔省和安大略省的87所小学。该研究发现，“39%的学生报告说，在正常的学校周内，吃早餐的时间不到三天。”

What is a healthy breakfast?

什么是健康的早餐?

Health experts suggest that the best breakfast is a mix of complex carbohydrates, protein and fat. This gives your body the energy it needs to think clearly and to remember what it learns.

健康专家建议，最好的早餐是碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪的组合，可以给你的身体提供了清晰思考和记住所学知识所需的能量。

This was the 2005 finding of researchers at Tufts University in the U.S. They found that when it comes to giving the brain what it needs to work at its highest level -- not all breakfasts are created equal.

这是美国塔夫茨大学研究人员2005年的发现。他们发现，在给予大脑最高水平工作所需的能量方面，并不是所有的早餐都是一样的。

In their report, they explain that the brain needs glucose to work well. The best breakfast should include complex carbohydrates that slowly release energy to the body. Whole rolled oats, whole grain bread or low-sugar granola are examples.

在他们的报告中，他们解释说，大脑需要葡萄糖才能正常工作。最好的早餐应该包括能缓慢向身体释放能量的复合碳水化合物。全麦燕麦片、全麦面包或低糖燕麦卷都是很好的选择。

But the report explains, simply eating a breakfast rich in carbohydrates may make a student tired.

但该报告解释说，简单地吃富含碳水化合物的早餐可能会让学生感到疲劳。

So, adding protein helps to prevent that. Having a protein such as milk, yogurt, eggs or meat can help students to feel full longer. Oatmeal, the researchers say, is an example of a breakfast that is rich in fiber and protein. It releases energy slowly because it is a whole grain food. So, students will feel full longer.

所以，添加蛋白质有助于预防这种情况。摄入牛奶、酸奶、鸡蛋或肉类等蛋白质，可以帮助学生保持更长时间的饱腹感。研究人员说，燕麦是富含纤维和蛋白质的早餐之一。它释放能量很慢，因为它是全谷物食品。因此，学生们会有更长时间的饱腹感。

Health experts on the website LiveStrong also suggest not eating too much for breakfast. This can also make a person feel tired and unable to think clearly. They say eating between 350 and 500 calories in the morning is a good amount of energy to start the day.

LiveStrong网站上的健康专家也建议早餐不要吃太多。这也会让人感到疲劳，无法清晰地思考。他们说，早上摄入350到500卡路里是开启一天的良好能量。

Breakfast is not just good for students

早餐不仅仅对学生有好处

A good breakfast is not just helpful for school-aged children. We all may gain from eating something healthy first thing in the morning.

一顿丰盛的早餐不仅对学龄儿童有帮助。我们所有人都能从健康的早餐中获益。

A study from researchers at the University of Toronto in Canada found that a breakfast rich in protein and complex carbohydrates increased performance on short- and long-term memory. Carbohydrates and protein are especially important because they have a major effect on long-term memory.

加拿大多伦多大学的一项研究发现，富含蛋白质和复合碳水化合物的早餐，可以提高短期和长期记忆力。碳水化合物和蛋白质尤其重要，因为它们对长期记忆有重要影响。

And that's the Health & Lifestyle report. I'm Anna Matteo.

以上就是本期《健康与生活方式报道》的全部内容。我是安娜·马特奥。