Biomineralization

Maxillofacial hard tissue defects caused by trauma or infection often affect craniofacial function. Taking the natural hard tissue structure as a template, constructing an engineered tissue repair module is an important scheme to realize the functional regeneration and repair of maxillofacial hard tissue. Here, inspired by the biomineralization process, we constructed a composite mineral matrix hydrogel PAA-CMC-TDM containing amorphous calcium phosphates (ACPs), polyacrylic acid (PAA), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and dentin matrix (TDM). The dynamic network composed of Ca2+·COO− coordination and ACPs made the hydrogel loaded with TDM, and exhibited self-repairing ability and injectability. The mechanical properties of PAA-CMC-TDM can be regulated, but the functional activity of TDM remains unaffected. Cytological studies and animal models of hard tissue defects show that the hydrogel can promote the odontogenesis or osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, adapt to irregular hard tissue defects, and promote in situ regeneration of defective tooth and bone tissues. In summary, this paper shows that the injectable TDM hydrogel based on biomimetic mineralization theory can induce hard tissue formation and promote dentin/bone regeneration.

中文翻译：

外伤或感染引起的颌面部硬组织缺损常影响颅面功能。以天然硬组织结构为模板，构建工程化组织修复模块是实现颌面部硬组织功能再生修复的重要方案。在这里，受生物矿化过程的启发，我们构建了一种含有无定形磷酸钙 (ACP)、聚丙烯酸 (PAA)、羧甲基壳聚糖 (CMC) 和牙本质基质 (TDM) 的复合矿物基质水凝胶 PAA-CMC-TDM。Ca 2+ ·COO −组成的动态网络协调和 ACPs 使水凝胶负载 TDM，并表现出自我修复能力和可注射性。PAA-CMC-TDM 的机械性能可以调节，但 TDM 的功能活性不受影响。硬组织缺损的细胞学研究和动物模型表明，该水凝胶可以促进间充质干细胞的成牙或成骨分化，适应不规则的硬组织缺损，促进缺损牙齿和骨组织的原位再生。总之，本文表明基于仿生矿化理论的可注射TDM水凝胶可以诱导硬组织形成并促进牙本质/骨再生。